cas 4068-78-4, Methyl 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoate

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Design, modification of phyllanthone derivatives as anti-diabetic and cytotoxic agents
Twelve benzylidene derivatives, one Baeyer-Villiger oxidative, six imine derivatives were successfully designed and synthesised from phyllanthone. In the search for potential new anti-diabetic agents, phyllanthone along with its benzylidene and oxidation analogues were evaluated for enzyme inhibition against α-glucosidase. In the benzylidene series, most analogues displayed stronger activity than the mother compound. Compound 1c revealed the strongest activity, outperforming the acarbose positive control with an IC50 value of 19.59 μM. Phyllanthone and its derivatives were then tested for cytotoxic activity against the K562 cell line. The imine analogues displayed the most powerful cytotoxic activity with 3cand 3d having IC50 values of 57.55 and 68.02 μM, respectively.
Nguyen, Ngoc-Hong,Vo, Van-Giau,Phan, Hoang-Vinh-Truong,Ngo, Thanh-The,Sichaem, Jirapast,Nguyen, Thi-Phuong,Nguyen, Huu-Hung,Pham, Duc-Dung,Nguyen, Tien-Cong,Nguyen, Van-Kieu,Duong, Thuc-Huy
supporting information
p. 371 - 378
(2020/07/13)

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Intramolecular 1,1-Oxyamination of Alkenes with Protected Amino Acids to Produce Oxazoloisoindole-2,5-diones
It has been established that an electron-deficient bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-substituted cyclopentadienyl (CpE) rhodium(III) complex catalyzes the oxidative intramolecular 1,1-oxyamination of alkenes with N-benzoyl amino acids to produce oxazoloisoindole-2,5-diones. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies revealed that this oxidative 1,1-oxyamination proceeds via not the aza-Wacker reaction but the formation of a rhoda(III)oxazolidine initiated by the carboxylic acid-directed N?H bond cleavage.
Takahashi, Hiroto,Nagashima, Yuki,Tanaka, Ken
supporting information
p. 1891 - 1895
(2021/04/05)

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5,6,7-trimethoxy flavonoid salicylate derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents
5,6,7-Trimethoxy flavonoid salicylate derivatives were designed by the joining of three important pharmacophores (TMP, flavonoid, and SA) according to the combination principle. A series of novel trimethoxy flavonoid salicylate derivatives were synthesized and their in vitro anti-tumor activities were evaluated. Among these derivatives, compound 7f exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity against HGC-27 cells and MGC-803 cells with IC50 values of 10.26 ± 6.94 μM and 17.17 ± 3.03 μM, respectively. Subsequently, the effects on cell colony formation (clonogenic survival assay), cell migration (wound healing assay), cell cycle distribution (PI staining assay), cell apoptosis (Hoechst 33258 staining assay and annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining assay), lactate level (lactate measurement), microtubules disarrangement (immunofluorescence staining analysis) and docking posture (molecular docking simulation) were determined. Further western blot analysis confirmed that compound 7f could effectively down-regulate the expression of glycolysis-related proteins HIF-1α, PFKM and PKM2 and tumor angiogenesis-related proteins VEGF. Overall, these studies suggested that compound 7f, as the representative compound of those, might be a promising candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer and deserved the further studies.
Deng, Xiangping,Feng, Wanshi,Lei, Xiaoyong,Liu, Renbo,Peng, Yijiao,Tang, Guotao,Xie, Zhizhong,Xiong, Runde,Zheng, Xing,Zou, Yang
(2020/02/13)

Synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibition, and molecular docking studies of novel N-substituted hydrazide derivatives of atranorin as antidiabetic agents
A series of novel N-substituted hydrazide derivatives were synthesized by reacting atranorin, a compound with a natural depside structure (1), with a range of hydrazines. The natural product and 12 new analogues (2–13) were investigated for inhibition of α-glucosidase. The N-substituted hydrazide derivatives showed more potent inhibition than the original. The experimental results were confirmed by docking analysis. This study suggests that these compounds are promising molecules for diabetes therapy. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out with compound 2 demonstrating the best docking model using Gromac during simulation up to 20 ns to explore the stability of the complex ligand-protein. Furthermore, the activity of all synthetic compounds 2–13 against a normal cell line HEK293, used for assessing their cytotoxicity, was evaluated.
Alam, Mahboob,Chavasiri, Warinthorn,Duong, Thuc-Huy,Huynh, Ngoc-Vinh,Nguyen, Huu-Hung,Nguyen, Thi-Phuong,Nguyen, Tien-Cong,Paramita Devi, Asshaima,Phan, Hoang-Vinh-Truong,Sichaem, Jirapast,Tran, Hoai-Duc,Tran, Nguyen-Minh-An
(2020/07/10)

A three-methoxy flavone salicylic acid derivatives and its anti-tumor activity (by machine translation)
The invention discloses a three-methoxy flavone salicylic acid derivatives, can be used as a tumor blood vessel and tumor cell glycolysis double-target inhibitors, in order to block the tumor tissue has generated the blood vessel, in order to block tumor cell nutrient supply, at the same time inhibiting glycolysis process of tumor cells, tumor cells in the absence of nutrition, also cannot use their own glycolysis proliferate, thereby accelerating the death of tumor cells. The design of this invention is of tumor blood vessel with the glycolysis double-target inhibitor has the role of both, but than the combined medication safer and more convenient. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0045-0047

(2019/05/08)

Evaluation of novel N′-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide derivatives as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors
In an attempt to identify potential new agents that are active against HIV-1 IN, a series of novel coumarin-3-carbohydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesised. The toxicity profiles of these compounds showed that they were non-toxic to human cells and they exhibited promising anti-HIV-1 IN activities with IC50 values in nM range. Also, an accompanying molecular modeling study showed that the compounds bind to the active pocket of the enzyme.
Jesumoroti, Omobolanle J.,Faridoon,Mnkandhla, Dumisani,Isaacs, Michelle,Hoppe, Heinrich C.,Klein, Rosalyn
p. 80 - 88
(2019/01/30)

Design, synthesis, and preliminary biological evaluation of 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxy flavonoid salicylate derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents
According to the pharmacophore combination principle, a set of new 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxy flavonoid salicylate derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for biological activity. The cytotoxicity evaluation revealed that compound 10v exhibited higher potency than 5-Fu against HCT-116 cells. Preliminary biological activity studies showed that compound 10v could inhibit the colony formation and migration of HCT-116 cells. Besides, the Hoechst 33258 staining assay and flow cytometry revealed that treatment with compound 10v induced the apoptosis of HCT-116 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, while it had no effect on their cell cycle. The WB analysis suggested that HIF-1α, tubulin, HK-2, and PFK might be the potential pharmacophore targets of compound 10v. Tubulin was a potential drug target for compound 10v, which was explained by analyzing the crystal structure of compound 10v complexed with tubulin. These results indicated that compound 10v might be a promising anti-tumor agent candidate, deserving further optimization and evaluation.
Deng, Xiangping,Liu, Renbo,Li, Junjian,Li, Zhongli,Liu, Juan,Xiong, Runde,Lei, Xiaoyong,Zheng, Xing,Xie, Zhizhong,Tang, Guotao
p. 1874 - 1884
(2019/01/28)

Gold promoted arylative cyclization of alkynoic acids with arenediazonium salts
Alkynoic acids derived from salicylic acid and analogues undergo arylative cyclization with arenediazonium salts promoted by gold in the absence of external ligands. The reaction is thermally induced and proceeds even in the absence of light. A difference in regioselectivity has been found compared with that observed in the cycloisomerization process of the same type of compounds.
Carrillo-Arcos, Ulises A.,Porcel, Susana
supporting information
p. 1837 - 1842
(2018/03/23)

2-ALKYLOXY BENZENE FORMYL ARYLAMINE COMPOUND AND PHARMACEUTICAL USE THEREOF
The present invention relates to 2-alkoxy benzene formyl arylamine compounds as scheme I , in which the R, G, X, Y, Z are consistent with the detailed description in the patent claim. The compounds can act as sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) inhibitors to treat diseases caused by abnormal increasing of sphingomyelin(SM). This invention also includes compounds as scheme I , their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions as the active ingredients, and their application in drugs which can prevent and cure diseases caused by SM level abnormal increase. These diseases include atherosclerosis, fatty liver, obesity, type II diabetes, and other metabolic syndromes.
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Paragraph 0107; 0108

(2017/08/29)

COMPOUND HAVING ZNF143 INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AND USE THEREOF
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound having a ZNF143 inhibitory activity as well as to provide a ZNF143 inhibitory agent and pharmaceutical composition containing the same. SOLUTION: Provided is a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof as well as a ZNF143 inhibitory agent containing the same and a pharmaceutical composition having the same as an active ingredient. A-B-C-D (I)[A is H, a methyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenyl group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; B is as shown below, and C is an amide bond or a heteroaromatic ring containing N and O; D is a substituted/unsubstituted phenyl group or a monocyclic heteroaromatic ring containing N or S; and C and D are both fused heterocyclic ring or the like optionally having a substituent group.]. SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1 COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0311

(2016/10/27)

Intramolecular C-H activation through gold(I)-catalyzed reaction of iodoalkynes
The cycloisomerization reaction of 1-(iodoethynyl)-2-(1-methoxyalkyl)arenes and related 2-alkyl-substituted derivatives gives the corresponding 3-iodo-1-substituted-1H-indene under the catalytic influence of IPrAuNTf2 [IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropyl)phenylimidazol-2-ylidene; NTf2 = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imidate]. The reaction takes place in 1,2-dichloroethane at 80°C, and the addition of ttbp (2,4,6-tritert-butylpyrimidine) is beneficial to accomplish this new transformation in high yield. The overall reaction implies initial assembly of an intermediate gold vinylidene upon alkyne activation by gold(I) and a 1,2-iodine-shift. Deuterium labeling and crossover experiments, the magnitude of the recorded kinetic primary isotopic effect, and the results obtained from the reaction of selected stereochemical probes strongly provide support for concerted insertion of the benzylic C-H bond into gold vinylidene as the step responsible for the formation of the new carbon-carbon bond.
Morn-Poladura, Pablo,Rubio, Eduardo,Gonzlez, Jos M.
supporting information
p. 3052 - 3055
(2015/04/14)

Oxidative cyclization of alkenoic acids promoted by AgOAc
Alkenoic acids derived from salicylic acid and analogues undergo an unexpected oxidative cyclization process triggered by AgOAc leading to 4H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-4-ones. The process is affected by the substitution on the aryl and the allyl units.
Carrillo-Arcos, Ulises A.,Rojas-Ocampo, Jonathan,Porcel, Susana
supporting information
p. 479 - 483
(2016/01/09)

Photocatalytic Dehydrogenative Lactonization of 2-Arylbenzoic Acids
A metal-free dehydrogenative lactonization of 2-arylbenzoic acids at room temperature was developed. This work illustrates the first application of visible-light photoredox catalysis in the preparation of benzo-3,4-coumarins, an important structural motif in bioactive molecules. The combination of photocatalyst [Acr+-Mes] with (NH4)2S2O8 as a terminal oxidant provides an economical and environmentally benign entry to different substituted benzocoumarins. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction most likely occurs through a homolytic aromatic substitution pathway.
Ramirez, Nieves P.,Bosque, Irene,Gonzalez-Gomez, Jose C.
supporting information
p. 4550 - 4553
(2015/09/28)

Silver(I) and gold(I)-promoted synthesis of alkylidene lactones and 2H-chromenes from salicylic and anthranilic acid derivatives
Ag(I) and Au(I) efficiently catalyze the cycloisomerization of terminal alkynoic acids into methylene seven-membered ring lactones. Depending on the metal, divergent reaction pathways were found for non terminal alkynoic acids. While Ag(I) led to lactones, Au(I) led to 2H-chromenes coming from the hydroarylation of the alkyne.
Nolla-Saltiel, Roberto,Robles-Marín, Elvis,Porcel, Susana
supporting information
p. 4484 - 4488
(2014/08/05)

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of pyrazolyl-acylhydrazone derivatives as novel anticancer agents
A series of pyrazolyl-acylhydrazone derivatives (1e-20e) have been designed and synthesized and their biologic activities were also evaluated for telomerase inhibition and tumor cell antiproliferation. Among all the compounds, 12e showed the most potent activity in vitro, which inhibited the growth of MCF-7 and B16-F10 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.57 ± 0.03 and 0.49 ± 0.07 μM, respectively. Compound 12e also exhibited significant telomerase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.9 ± 0.43 μM). The result of flow cytometry demonstrated that compound 12e induced cell apoptosis. Docking simulation was performed to insert compound 12e into the crystal structure of telomerase at ATP binding site to determine the probable binding model. Based on the preliminary results, compound 12e with potent inhibitory activity in tumor growth may be a potential anticancer agent.
Xing, Man,Zhao, Ting-Ting,Ren, Yu-Jia,Peng, Na-Na,Yang, Xian-Hui,Li, Xi,Zhang, Hui,Liu, Gao-Qi,Zhang, Li-Rong,Zhu, Hai-Liang
p. 3274 - 3286
(2014/06/24)

Pd-catalyzed C-H lactonization for expedient synthesis of biaryl lactones and total synthesis of cannabinol
A practical Pd(II)/Pd(IV)-catalyzed carboxyl-directed C-H activation/C-O cyclization to construct biaryl lactones has been developed. The synthetic utility of this new reaction was demonstrated in an atom-economical and operationally convenient total synthesis of the natural product cannabinol from commercially available starting materials, with the newly developed method used for two key steps.
Li, Yan,Ding, Yan-Jun,Wang, Jian-Yong,Su, Yi-Ming,Wang, Xi-Sheng
supporting information
p. 2574 - 2577
(2013/07/11)

Structure-activity relationship of salicylic acid derivatives on inhibition of TNF-α dependent NFκB activity: Implication on anti-inflammatory effect of N-(5-chlorosalicyloyl)phenethylamine against experimental colitis
To develop a more potent NFκB inhibitor from salicylic acid which is known to inhibit activity of NFκB, a transcription factor regulating genes involved in immunity, inflammation and tumorigenesis, derivatives of salicylic acid (SA) where the 5 position, carboxyl or hydroxyl group was modified were treated in HCT116 cells transfected with an NFκB dependent luciferase gene and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Amidation of the carboxylic group or substitution of chlorine at the 5 position increased the ability of SA to suppress the expression of NFκB dependent luciferase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, a product of an NFκB target gene. Moreover, simultaneous amidation and chlorination of SA (5-chlorosalicylamide; 5-CSAM) conferred an additive NFκB inhibitory activity on SA. To further enhance the inhibitory activity, N-modification was imposed on 5-CSAM. N-(5-chlorosalicyloyl) phenethylamine (5-CSPA), N-(5-chlorosalicyloyl)3-phenylpropylamine (5-CSPPA) and N-(5-chlorosalicyloyl)4-hydroxyphenylethylamine (5-CSHPA) showed greater potencies for inhibiting NFκB activity than other derivatives. Their IC50s' in the luciferase assay measured 15 μM (5-CSPA), 17 μM (5-CSPPA) and 91 μM (5-CSHPA). Rectal administration of 5-CSPA ameliorated TNBS-induced rat colitis, which was more effective than a conventional drug, 5-aminosalicylic acid. These data may provide useful information for development of a therapeutic agent for treatment of diseases where NFκB plays a critical role in the pathogenic progresses.
Kim, Jihye,Kang, Sookjin,Hong, Sungchae,Yum, Soowhan,Kim, Young Mi,Jung, Yunjin
experimental part
p. 36 - 44
(2012/03/26)

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular decarboxylative coupling of arene carboxylic acids/esters with aryl bromides
Give me a ring? An efficient approach has been developed for the intramolecular decarboxylative coupling of arene carboxylic acids/esters with aryl bromides catalyzed by palladium (see scheme). From a synthetic viewpoint, this method is highly attractive because the catalyst loading is low, the optimized reaction conditions are mild, and the substrate scope is broad. Copyright
Shen, Zengming,Ni, Zhenjie,Mo, Song,Wang, Jing,Zhu, Yamin
supporting information; experimental part
p. 4859 - 4865
(2012/06/04)

TRICYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS mPGES-1 INHIBITORS
The present invention relates to tricyclic compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as mPGES-1 inhibitors. These compounds are inhibitors of the microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) enzyme and are therefore useful in the treatment of pain and/or inflammation from a variety of diseases or conditions, such as asthama, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute or chronic pain and neurodegenerative diseases. (I)
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Page/Page column 102

(2012/09/10)

NOVEL HETEROARYL IMIDAZOLES AND HETEROARYL TRIAZOLES AS GAMMA-SECRETASE MODULATORS
Compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds are disclosed, wherein the compounds have the structure of Formula I; (I) as defined in the specification. Corresponding pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, methods of synthesis, and intermediates are also disclosed.
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Page/Page column 47

(2011/05/06)

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVES FOR TREATING HEPATITIS C INFECTION
The invention concerns benzodiazepine derivatives of Formula (I) wherein W, X, L1, L2, L3, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined in the description. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infection.
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Page/Page column 54

(2011/04/14)

BENZODIAZEPINE COMPOUNDS USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS C
The invention concerns benzodiazepine derivatives of Formula (I) wherein A, X, L1, L2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined in the description. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infection.
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Page/Page column 58

(2011/12/14)

Facile p-toluenesulfonic acid-promoted para-selective monobromination and chlorination of phenol and analogues
para-Regioselective bromination of phenol and analogues, promoted by p-toluenesulfonic acid, is achieved in high to excellent yields at room temperature with N-bromosuccinimide. Chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide and catalysed by p-toluenesulfonic acid also gives para-chlorinated phenol analogues in good yields at room temperature. para-Bromination of phenol, promoted by p-toluenesulfonic acid, is achieved in excellent yields at room temperature with N-bromosuccinimide. p-Toluenesulfonic acid is also effective as a promoter of para-chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide.
Bovonsombat, Pakorn,Ali, Rameez,Khan, Chiraphorn,Leykajarakul, Juthamard,Pla-On, Kawin,Aphimanchindakul, Suraj,Pungcharoenpong, Natchapon,Timsuea, Nisit,Arunrat, Anchalee,Punpongjareorn, Napat
experimental part
p. 6928 - 6935
(2010/10/01)

NOVEL PHENYL IMIDAZOLES AND PHENYL TRIAZOLES AS GAMMA-SECRETASE MODULATORS
Compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds are disclosed, wherein the compounds have the structure of Formula (I) as defined in the specification. Corresponding pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, methods of synthesis, and intermediates are also disclosed
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Page/Page column 55

(2010/09/18)

Polycyclic N-heterocyclic compounds. Part 631 improved synthesis of 5-amino-1,2-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]isoquinolines via truce-smiles rearrangement and subsequent formation to furo[2,3-c]isoquinoline
An improved synthesis of 5-amino-1,2-dihydrofuro[2,3-c]isoquinoline has been achieved using a slight modification of reaction conditions for the Truce-Smiles rearrangement. Acid treatment of the obtained 5-amino-1,2- dihydrofuro[2,3-c]isoquinolines gave unexpected ring-opened spiro ring compounds. The previously unreported parent compound, furo[2,3-c]isoquinoline, was also synthesized.
Okuda, Kensuke,Yoshida, Masahiko,Hirota, Takashi,Sasaki, Kenji
experimental part
p. 363 - 368
(2011/02/23)

HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVE HAVING INHIBITORY ACTIVITY ON TYPE-I 11 -HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE
Disclosed is a compound which is useful as an 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor. A compound represented by the formula: its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof, wherein X is O or S, a broken line and a wavy line represent the presence or the absence of a bond, (i) when a broken line represents the presence of a bond, a wavy line represents the absence of a bond, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl or the like, (ii) when a broken line represents the absence of a bond, a wavy line represents the presence of a bond, R1 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, halogen or the like, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl or the like, and R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl or the like.
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Page/Page column 49

(2010/08/07)

Leaving group assistance in the La3+-catalyzed cleavage of dimethyl (o-methoxycarbonyl)aryl phosphate triesters in methanol
The catalytic methanolysis of a series of dimethyl aryl phosphate triesters where the aryl groups contain an o-methoxycarbonyl (o-CO2Me) substituent (4a-i) was studied at 25°C in methanol containing La 3+ at various concentrations and sspH. Determination of the second-order rate constant for La3+ 2-catalyzed cleavage of substrate 4a (dimethyl (o-methoxycarbonyl) phenyl phosphate) as a function of sspH was assessed in terms of a speciation diagram that showed that the process was catalyzed by La3+ 2(-OCH3)x dimers, where x = 1-5, that exhibit only a 5-fold difference in activity between all the species. The second-order catalytic rate constants (k2La) for the catalyzed methanolysis of 4a-i at sspH 8.7 fit a Bronsted relationship of log k2La= (-0.82 ± 0.11)sspKalg + (11.61 ± 1.48), where the gradient is shallower than that determined for a series of dimethyl aryl phosphates that do not contain the o-CO2Me substituent, log k2La = (-1.25 ± 0.06)s spKalg + (16.23 ± 0.75). Two main observations are that (1) the o-CO2Me group preferentially accelerates the cleavage of the phosphate triesters with poor leaving groups relative to those with good leaving groups and (2) it provides an increase in cleavage rate relative to those of comparable substrates that do not have that functional group, e.g., k2La(dimethyl o-(methoxycarbonyl) phenyl phosphate)/k2La(dimethyl phenyl phosphate) = 60. Activation parameters for the La3+2-catalyzed methanolysis of 4a and dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate show respective ΔH? (ΔS?) values of 3.3 kcal/mol (-47 cal/mol·K) and 0.7 kcal/mol (-46.5 cal/mol·K). The data are analyzed in terms of a concerted reaction where the catalytic complex (La3+2( -OCH3)x-1) binds to the three components of a rather loose transition state composed of a nucleophile CH3O -, a nucleofuge -OAr, and a central (RO)2P 2+-O- in a way that provides leaving group assistance to the departing aryloxy group.
Edwards, David R.,Liu, C. Tony,Garrett, Graham E.,Neverov, Alexei A.,Brown, R. Stan
supporting information; experimental part
p. 13738 - 13748
(2010/01/06)

Enantioselective robinson-type annulation reaction catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acids
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Akiyama, Takahiko,Katoh, Takuya,Mori, Keiji
supporting information; experimental part
p. 4226 - 4228
(2009/10/23)

Dissociative solvolytic cleavage of methyl (ortho-Carboxymethyl)Aryl phosphate diesters mediated by Yb3+ in methanol gives a 10 12-fold rate acceleration attributable to leaving group assistance
The Yb3+-catalyzed cleavage of a series of eight methyl aryl phosphates (2a-h) where the aryl groups all contain an ortho-methoxycarbonyl group was studied in acidic methanol from 1.34 ≤ spHs ≤ 3.34 at 25 °C. All substrates show saturation binding of the metal ion that is analyzed to provide a conditional binding constant (K)b for a 1:1 substrate/Yb3+ complex and catalytic rate constant (A cat) that varies between about 2 × 10-3 and 50 × 10-3 s-1 overthe range of substrates. Detailed analysis indicates that at very low c oncentration of Yb3+, 3 equiv of substrate are bound, and with increasing [Yb3+], the binding changes to a 1:1 complex which decomposes by a pathway independent of spHs over the range investigated. Control studies show that substrates without the o-methoxycarbonyl group still bind to the Yb 3+ with approximately the same strength as do the o-methoxycarbonyl containing substrates but have no observable reaction when bound. A Jaffe plot of the kcat vs substituent ?-values indicates that, during the catalyzed reactions of 2a-h, the phenoxy-O and C(O)OCH3 groups accommodate negative and positive charge respectively, the p phosphate and p c(o)OMe values being (1.84 ±0.11) and ( 0.85 ±0.14). For all these substrates, the final reaction products are dimethyl phosphate and the Yb3+ complex of the phenoxide. A study of the binding of the parent phenols to Yb3+ indicates that log(Kbind) = (0.84 ± 0.06)sspKa+ (3.4 ± 0.9), r2 = 0.9664 for phenols containing the o-methoxycarbonyl group; for those lacking that substituent log(Kb ind) = (0.96 ± 0.04)s spKa- (1.73 ± 0.4), (r2 = 0.99). For the catalyzed reacti on the βlg = -0.48, while the βeq = -0.95, leading to a Leffler parameter of α = 0.51. A mechanism is presented for the catalyzed reaction which is highly dissociative, having a transition state where the Yb3+ translocates during the cleavage reaction to assist the leaving group's departure with weak nucleophilic assistance by the solvent methanol. A comparison of the catalyzed rate of reaction with a computed rate of reaction attributable to solvent alone indicates that Yb3+ provides leaving group assistance on the order of 1012-fold, stabilizing the transition state for cleavage by some 16 kcal/mol.
Edwards, David R.,Neverov, Alexei A.,Brown, R. Stan
supporting information; experimental part
p. 368 - 377
(2009/06/28)

PREPARATION OF 4-SUBSTITUTED 2-AMINO-BENZO[4,5]FURO [3,2-D]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I), wherein R1, R2 and X have the meaning as indicated in the description and claims. Said compounds are useful as key intermediates for the preparation of the related pharmaceutically active compounds or as active compounds.
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Page/Page column 11

(2008/12/05)

Enzyme-catalysed synthesis and reactions of benzene oxide/oxepine derivatives of methyl benzoates
A series of twelve benzoate esters was metabolised, by species of the Phellinus genus of wood-rotting fungi, to yield the corresponding benzyl alcohol derivatives and eight salicylates. The isolation of a stable oxepine metabolite, from methyl benzoate, allied to evidence of the migration and retention of a carbomethoxy group (the NIH Shift), during enzyme-catalysed ortho-hydroxylation of alkyl benzoates to form salicylates, is consistent with a mechanism involving an initial arene epoxidation step. This mechanism was confirmed by the isolation of a remarkably stable, optically active, substituted benzene oxide metabolite of methyl 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate, which slowly converted into the racemic form. The arene oxide was found to undergo a cycloaddition reaction with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione to yield a crystalline cycloadduct whose structure and racemic nature was established by X-ray crystallography. The metabolite was also found to undergo some novel benzene oxide reactions, including epoxidation to give an anti-diepoxide, base-catalysed hydrolysis to form a trans-dihydrodiol and acid-catalysed aromatisation to yield a salicylate derivative via the NIH Shift of a carbomethoxy group. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Boyd, Derek R.,Sharma, Narain D.,Harrison, John S.,Malone, John. F.,McRoberts, W. Colin,Hamilton, John T. G.,Harper, David B.
experimental part
p. 1251 - 1259
(2008/10/09)

FIBROSIS INHIBITOR
Medicament being useful as a fibrosis inhibitor for organs or tissues, which comprises a compound of the formula (I): wherein Ring Z is optionally substituted pyrrole ring, etc.; W2 is -CO-, -SO2-, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylene, etc.; Ar2 is optionally substituted aryl, etc.; W1 and Ar1 mean the following (1) and (2):(1) W1 is optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylene, etc.; Ar1 is optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl having 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms as ring-forming atoms:(2) W1 is optionally substituted C2-C5 alkylene, optionally substituted C2-C5 alkenylene, etc.; and Ar1 is aryl or monocyclic heteroaryl, which is substituted by carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, etc. at the ortho- or meta-position thereof with respect to the binding position of W1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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(2008/06/13)

Pyrrole derivatives
Pyrrole derivatives represented by the following formula: wherein Ring Z is an optionally substituted pyrrole ring, etc.; W2 is —CO—, —SO2—, an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylene, etc.; Ar2 is an optionally substituted aryl, etc.; W2 and Ar1 mean the following (1) and (2): (1) W1 is an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkylene, etc.; Ar1 is an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl having 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms as ring-forming atoms: (2) W1 is an optionally substituted C2-C5 alkylene, an optionally substituted C2-C5 alkenylene, etc.; and Ar1 is an aryl or monocyclic heteroaryl, which are substituted by carboxyl, an alkoxycarbonyl, etc. at the ortho- or meta-position thereof with respect to the binding position of W1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof These compounds are useful as medicaments such as a fibrosis inhibitor for organs or tissues.
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(2008/06/13)

Preparation of benz[b]indeno[1,2-e]pyran-11(6H)-ones and benz[b]indeno[1,2-e]thiopyran-11(6H)-one from dilithiated 2-indanone and lithiated methyl salicylates or lithiated methyl thiosalicylate
Dilithiated 2-indanone was prepared with excess lithium diisopropylamide, and the resulting intermediate was condensed with several lithiated methyl salicylates or lithiated methyl thiosalicylate, which was followed by acid cyclization to benz[b]indeno[1,2-e]pyran-11(6H)-ones 3-9 or benz[b]indeno[1,2-e]thiopyran-11(6H)-one 10, which are rare fused-ring indeno-chromones and a new indeno-thiochromone, respectively.
Townsend, Jessica D.,Williams, Angela R.,Angel, April J.,Finefrock, Anne E.,Beam, Charles F.
p. 689 - 699
(2007/10/03)

Substituted benzamides and radioligand analogs and methods of use
This invention provides compounds of the formula I STR1 wherein, R1, R2, and R3 are independently ?a first halogen atom,! fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenoxy, or alkynoxy, wherein R2 and R3 can also independently be H, wherein at least one of R1, R2, and R3 is ?a second halogen atom! fluorine, bromine, iodine or is substituted with ?a second halogen atom,! fluorine, bromine or iodine and R4 is H or lower alkyl. The invention also provides precursors of formula I, radioactive analogs of formula I, and methods of using the compounds for the identification of 5-HT-3 receptors and the detection and treatment of abnormal conditions associated therewith.
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(2008/06/13)

Labeling of (S)-des-4-amino-3-[125I]iodozacopride (DAIZAC), a high-affinity radioligand for the 5-HT-3 receptor
We have prepared (S)-5-chloro-3-[125I]iodo-2-methoxy-N-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl) -benzamide ([125I]DAIZAC, [125I]-3) as a radioligand for characterization of the 5-HT-3 receptor. Preparation of the 3-tri-n-butylstannyl precursor was accomplished from the corresponding unlabeled DAIZAC by reaction with bis(tributyltin). Treatment of the precursor with 5 mCi of Na125I and chloramine-T in dilute HCl gave 2.58 ± 0.22 mCi (52%) of [125I]DAIZAC with >98% radiochemical purity and 1500 Ci/mmol specific activity. Saturation analysis of the binding of [125I]DAIZAC to rat brain homogenates showed a single binding site with a receptor density B(max) of 0.66 ± 0.03 pmol/g and a receptor affinity K(D) of 0.15 ± 0.01 nM. Compared to [125I]iodozacopride, we find the 20-fold higher affinity and easy preparation of [125I]DAIZAC to be advantageous for in vitro identification of brain 5-HT-3 receptors.
Mason,Hewlett,Ebert,Schmidt,De Paulis
p. 955 - 961
(2007/10/03)

2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocincarboxylic acids, esters and amides
Novel compounds which are 2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocincarboxamides having 5-HT3 -antagonist properties including unique CNS, antiemetic and gastric prokinetic activities and which are void of any significant D2 receptor binding affinity, therapeutic compositions and methods of treatment of disorders which result from 5-HT3 activity using said compounds. Processes for their preparation and the preparation of their intermediates are also disclosed.
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(2008/06/13)

ARYL THIOPYRANO[2,3,4-C,D]INDOLES AS INHIBITORS OF LEUKOTRIENE BIOSYNTHESIS
Compounds having the formula I: are inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and cyto-protective agents. They are also useful in treating angina, cerebral spasm, glomerular nephritis, hepatitis, endotoxemia, psoriasis, uveitis, and allograft rejection and in preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
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(2008/06/13)

Zatosetron, a Potent, Selective, and Long-Acting 5HT3 Receptor Antagonist: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships
Antagonists of 5HT3 receptors are clinically effective in treating nausea and emesis associated with certain oncolytic drugs, including cisplatin.Moreover, these agents may be useful in pharmacological management of several central nervous system disorders, including anxiety, schizophrenia, dementia, and substance abuse.Our studies on aroyltropanamides led to the discovery that dihydrobenzofuranyl esters and amides are potent 5HT3 receptor antagonists.Simple benzoyl derivatives of tropine and 3α-aminotropane possessed weak 5HT3 receptor antagonist activity, as judged by blockade of bradycardia produced by iv injection of serotonin (5HT) to anesthetized rats.Within this series, use of benzofuran-7-carboxamide as the aroyl moiety led to a substantial increase of 5HT3 receptor affinity.The optimal 5HT3 receptor antagonist identified via extensive SAR studies was endo-5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-N-(8-methyl-8-azabicyclooct-3-yl)-7-benzofurancarboxamide (Z)-2-butenedioate (zatosetron maleate).The 7-carbamyl regiochemistry, dimethyl substitution, chloro substituent, and endo stereochemistry were all crucial elements of the SAR.Zatosetron maleate was a potent antagonist of 5HT-induced bradycardia in rats (ED50=0.86 μg/kg iv).Low oral doses of zatosetron (30 μg/kg) produced long-lasting antagonism of 5HT3 receptors, as evidenced by blockade of 5HT-induced bradycardia for longer than 6 h in rats.Moreover, this compound did not produce hemodynamic effects after iv administration to rats, nor did it block carbamylcholine-induced bradycardia in doses that markedly blocked 5HT3 receptors.Thus, zatosetron is a potent, selective, orally effective 5HT3 receptor antagonist with a long duration of action in rats.
Robertson, David W.,Lacefield, William B.,Bloomquist, William,Pfeifer, William,Simon, Richard L.,Cohen, Marlene L.
p. 310 - 319
(2007/10/02)

Development of high-affinity 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. 1. Initial structure-activity relationship of novel benzamides
This report describes the development of novel benzamides which are orally active, highly potent, specific antagonists of 5-HT3 receptors. Described in this first report are the structure-activity relationships that led to novel structures with improved potency and selectivity. From this series of compounds, (S)-28 was identified and selected for further evaluation as a 5- HT3 receptor antagonist. Compared with 5-HT3 antagonists such as GR 38032F, BRL 43694, and metoclopramide, (S)-28 was most active in (a) inhibiting binding to 5-HT3 receptor binding sites in rat entorhinal cortex with an K(i) value of 0.19 nM and (b) blocking cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret with an ED50 value determined to be 9 μg/kg po.
Youssefyeh,Campbell,Klein,Airey,Darkes,Powers,Schnapper,Neuenschwander,Fitzpatrick,Pendley,Martin
p. 895 - 903
(2007/10/02)

Carboxamides useful as antiemetic or antipsychotic agents
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(2008/06/13)

CARBOXAMIDES USEFUL AS ANTIEMETIC OR ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS
Carboxamides represented by the formula (I): STR1 wherein Z represents the carbon atoms necessary to complete a 5-to 7-membered ring, R 1, R 2, and R 3 may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a lower alkylamino group, an alkoxy group, an acylamido group, a sulfonamido group, and a nitro group; andA represents an aminoalkyl moiety and acid addition salts thereof.
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(2008/06/13)

Dibenzofurancarboxamides and their pharmaceutical compositions and methods
This invention is directed to certain dibenzofurancarboxamides and their use as 5HT3 antagonists having unique CNS, anti-emetic and gastric prokinetic activity void of any significant D2 receptor binding properties. This invention also describes novel processes necessary for their preparation.
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(2008/06/13)

Halo-containing 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid derivatives
This invention relates to derivatives of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid represented by the formula (1) STR1 wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a group STR2 (wherein R1 and R2 represent a lower alkyl group or R1 and R2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a heterocyclic ring with or without an intervening hetero atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 4), and X represents a halogen atom, which are useful as intermediates. This invention also relates to processes for preparing the same.
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(2008/06/13)

Process for preparing p-(5-chloro-2-methoxy-benzamidoethyl)-benzene sulfonamide
A process for preparing p-[5-chloro-2-methoxy-benzamidoethyl]-benzene sulfonamide consisting of treating 5-chlorosalicylic acid or its ester by methylating and aminolysis to form N-phenethyl-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamide followed by chlorosulfonation and aminolysis.
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(2008/06/13)