Synthesis of Isoxazole- And Oxazole-4-carboxylic Acids Derivatives by Controlled Isoxazole-Azirine-Isoxazole/Oxazole Isomerization
The first synthesis of isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives by domino isoxazole-isoxazole isomerization is reported. Fe(II)-catalyzed isomerization of 4-acyl-5-methoxy-/5-aminoisoxazoles (dioxane, 105 °C) leads to the formation of isoxazole-4-carboxylic esters and amides in good yields. 4-Formyl-5-methoxyisoxazoles give methyl oxazole-4-carboxylates under the same reaction conditions. Fe(II)-catalyzed isomerization of 4-acyl-5-methoxyisoxazoles under milder conditions (MeCN, 50 °C) allows the preparation of transient 2-acyl-2-(methoxycarbonyl)-2H-azirines. The azirines isomerize quantitatively either into isoxazoles under catalytic conditions (dioxane, 105 °C) or into oxazoles under noncatalytic thermolysis (o-dichlorobenzene, 170 °C). The mechanism of the isomerization and dependence of the reaction routes on substituents at starting isoxazole core and reaction conditions are discussed on the basis of DFT calculations.
Serebryannikova, Anna V.,Galenko, Ekaterina E.,Novikov, Mikhail S.,Khlebnikov, Alexander F.
Synthesis of N-aminopyrazoles by Fe(II)-catalyzed rearrangement of 4-hydrazonomethyl-substituted isoxazoles
A novel effective method is reported for the preparation of 1-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives by Fe(II)-catalyzed rearrangement of isoxazoles having (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazono)methyl substituent at C4. The reaction proceeds smoothly for both E and Z isomers of 4-(hydrazonomethyl)isoxazoles, and this means it is not necessary to separate mixtures of E/Z-isomers of the hydrazones prepared by reaction of 5-methoxy/pirrolidino-4-carbonylisoxazoles and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The rearrangement proceeds via the formation of an aziridine intermediate which can be isolated in certain cases. The 2-nitro group in the synthesized 1-[(2,4-dinitrophenyl)amino]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic esters can be selectively reduced in two steps via acylation of the amino group followed by hydrogenation-deacylation using H2-Pd/C.
Galenko, Ekaterina E.,Ivanov, Viktor K.,Novikov, Mikhail S.,Zolotarev, Andrey A.,Khlebnikov, Alexander F.
p. 6288 - 6298
(2018/09/14)
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