- O-Isocyanates as Uncharged 1,3-Dipole Equivalents in [3+2] Cycloadditions
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1,3-Dipoles are commonly used in [3+2] cycloadditions, whereas isoelectronic uncharged dipole variants remain underdeveloped. In contrast to conventional 1,3-dipoles, uncharged dipole equivalents form zwitterionic cycloadducts, which can be exploited to build further molecular complexity. In this work, the first cycloadditions of oxygen-substituted isocyanates (O-isocyanates) were studied experimentally and by DFT calculations. This unique cycloaddition strategy provides access to a novel class of heterocycle aza-oxonium ylides through intramolecular and intermolecular cycloadditions with alkenes. This allowed a systematic study of the reactivity of the transient aza-oxonium ylide intermediate, which can undergo N?O bond cleavage followed by nitrene C?H insertion, and the formation of β-lactams or isoxazolidinones upon varying the structure of the alkene or O-isocyanate reagents.
- Allen, Meredith A.,Beauchemin, André M.,Ivanovich, Ryan A.
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supporting information
p. 23188 - 23197
(2020/10/12)
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- OXIME ETHER COMPOUNDS
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Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I): (I) or a salt thereof, wherein: X is CH or N; Y is CH or N; R1 is -OH or -OP(O)(OH)2; L1 is -CR3=N-O-CRaRa- or CRaR-O-N=CR3; L
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Page/Page column 43; 44
(2019/02/25)
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- O-alkylhydroxylamines as rationally-designed mechanism-based inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1
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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, chronic viral infections, and other diseases characterized by pathological immune suppression. Recently important advances have been made in understanding IDO1's catalytic mechanism. Although much remains to be discovered, there is strong evidence that the mechanism proceeds through a heme-iron bound alkylperoxy transition or intermediate state. Accordingly, we explored stable structural mimics of the alkylperoxy species and provide evidence that such structures do mimic the alkylperoxy transition or intermediate state. We discovered that O-benzylhydroxylamine, a commercially available compound, is a potent sub-micromolar inhibitor of IDO1. Structure-activity studies of over forty derivatives of O-benzylhydroxylamine led to further improvement in inhibitor potency, particularly with the addition of halogen atoms to the meta position of the aromatic ring. The most potent derivatives and the lead, O-benzylhydroxylamine, have high ligand efficiency values, which are considered an important criterion for successful drug development. Notably, two of the most potent compounds demonstrated nanomolar-level cell-based potency and limited toxicity. The combination of the simplicity of the structures of these compounds and their excellent cellular activity makes them quite attractive for biological exploration of IDO1 function and antitumor therapeutic applications.
- Malachowski, William P.,Winters, Maria,DuHadaway, James B.,Lewis-Ballester, Ariel,Badir, Shorouk,Wai, Jenny,Rahman, Maisha,Sheikh, Eesha,LaLonde, Judith M.,Yeh, Syun-Ru,Prendergast, George C.,Muller, Alexander J.
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p. 564 - 576
(2016/01/09)
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- Structure-activity relationships of substituted oxyoxalamides as inhibitors of the human soluble epoxide hydrolase
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We explored both structure-activity relationships among substituted oxyoxalamides used as the primary pharmacophore of inhibitors of the human sEH and as a secondary pharmacophore to improve water solubility of inhibitors When the oxyoxalamide function was modified with a variety of alkyls or substituted alkyls, compound 6 with a 2-adamantyl group and a benzyl group was found to be a potent sEH inhibitor, suggesting that the substituted oxyoxalamide function is a promising primary pharmacophore for the human sEH, and compound 6 can be a novel lead structure for the development of further improved oxyoxalamide or other related derivatives In addition, introduction of substituted oxyoxalamide to inhibitors with an amide or urea primary pharmacophore produced significant improvements in inhibition potency and water solubility In particular, the N,N,O-trimethyloxyoxalamide group in amide or urea inhibitors (26 and 31) was most effective among those tested for both inhibition and solubility The results indicate that substituted oxyoxalamide function incorporated into amide or urea inhibitors is a useful secondary pharmacophore, and the resulting structures will be an important basis for the development of bioavailable sEH inhibitors
- Kim, In-Hae,Lee, In-Hee,Nishiwaki, Hisashi,Hammock, Bruce D.,Nishi, Kosuke
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p. 1163 - 1175
(2014/02/14)
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- 3,6-Bicyclolides
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The present invention discloses compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which exhibit antibacterial properties. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject in need of antibiotic treatment. The invention also relates to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The invention further includes process by which to make the compounds of the present invention.
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Page/Page column 47
(2008/06/13)
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- 1-Benzyloxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl-amines, a novel class of NR1/2B subtype selective NMDA receptor antagonists
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Screening of the Roche compound depository led to the identification of (1-benzyloxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-butyl amine 4, a structurally novel NR1/2B subtype selective NMDA receptor antagonist. The structure-activity relationships developed in this series resulted in the discovery of a novel class of potent and selective NMDA receptor blockers displaying activity in vivo.
- Alanine, Alexander,Bourson, Anne,Buettelmann, Bernd,Gill, Ramanjit,Heitz, Marie-Paule,Mutel, Vincent,Pinard, Emmanuel,Trube, Gerhard,Wyler, Rene
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p. 3155 - 3159
(2007/10/03)
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- 6-O-acyl ketolide antibacterials
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6-O-Acyl ketolide antibacterials of the formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, W, X, X′, Y, and Y′ are as described herein and in which the substituents have the meaning indicated in the description. These compounds are useful as antibacterial agents.
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- Synthesis and anti-HIV-1 activity of a series of 1-alkoxy-5-alkyl-6- (arylthio)uracils
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A series of 1-alkoxy-5-alkyl-6-(arylthio)uracils was synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 replication. Treatment of 2-alkyl- 3,3-bis(methylthio)acryloyl chlorides (5a-e) with AgOCN in benzene followed by reaction of the resulting isocyanates 6a-e with an appropriate alkoxyamine gave N-alkoxy-N'-((2-alkyl-3,3-bis(methylthio)acryloyl)ureas (10a-z) in good to excellent yields. Cyclization of 10a-z in AcOH containing a catalytic amount of p-TsOH produced 1-alkoxy-5-alkyl-6-(methylthio)uracils (11a-z). Oxidation of 11a-z with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in CH2Cl2 resulted in high yields of 1-alkoxy-5-alkyl-6-(methylsulfonyl)uracils (12a-x and 12z) and 1-(benzyloxy)-6-(methylsulfinyl)thymine (12y), which were subsequently reacted with an appropriate arenethiol in ethanolic NaOH solution to afford 1-alkoxy-5-alkyl-6-(arylthio)uracils (14-49). Substitution at the 3- and 5- positions of the C-6-(phenylthio) ring by two methyl groups significantly increased its original anti-HIV-1 activity (EC50: 6-((3,5- dimethylphenyl)thio)-5-isopropyl-1-propoxyuracil (18), 0.064 μM; 6-((3,5- dimethylphenyl)thio)-1-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-5-isopropyluracil (23), 0.19 μM). Among the various alkoxy substituents at the N-1, the propoxy group was the most beneficial for improving the anti-HIV-1 activity. The 1-propoxy derivative 18 proved to be the most potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication, followed by the 1-(3-hydroxypropoxy) derivative 23. Introduction of an isopropyl group at C-5 of the uracil base also remarkably enhanced the activity. When compound 18 was incubated with a rat liver homogenate preparation, no metabolite was observed, thus confirming the metabolic stability of the N-O bond in these 1-alkoxyuracils.
- Kim, Dae-Kee,Gam, Jongsik,Kim, Young-Woo,Lim, Jinsoo,Kim, Hun-Taek,Kim, Key H.
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p. 2363 - 2373
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of some N-(aroyl)-N-(arylalkyloxy)-glycines and β-alanines
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Some N-(aroyl)-N-(phenylethyloxy)glycines (C) and N-(aroyl)-N-(arylmethyloxy)β-alanines (D) were synthesised and tested as aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs). Compounds C and D differ from the previously reported ARIs of type A in the presence of a furthe
- Macchia,Menchini,Nencetti,Orlandini,Rossello,Belfiore
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p. 255 - 260
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and opioid activities of some naltrexone oxime ethers
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A series of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and aralkyl ethers of naltrexone oxime was prepared.The compounds were examined in binding assays for μ, δ, and κ opioid receptor affinity.In addition, the naltrexone oxime ethers were studied in animal models that measure opioid agonist and antagonist activity.These studies led to the discovery of several compounds, notably phenethyl 3e and phenylpropyl 3f ethers of naltrexone, which have a 10-fold increase in potency at the κ opioid receptor with potent μ and κ agonist properties in vivo.naltrexone / oxime ether / opioid receptor / analgesia / receptor binding / kappa
- Mavunkel, B. J.,Rzeszotarski, W. J.,Kaplita, P. V.,DeHaven-Hudkins, D. L.
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p. 659 - 666
(2007/10/02)
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