Upgrading biomass-derived furans via acid-catalysis/hydrogenation: The remarkable difference between water and methanol as the solvent
In methanol 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfuryl alcohol (FA) can be selectively converted into methyl levulinate via acidcatalysis, whereas in water polymerization dominates. The hydrogenation of HMF, furan and furfural with the exception of FA is
Hu, Xun,Westerhof, Roel J. M.,Wu, Liping,Dong, Dehua,Li, Chun-Zhu
p. 219 - 224
(2018/04/16)
Hydrolysis of Diazomethane - Kinetics and Mechanism
The reaction between diazomethane and the hydronium ion was studied in a THF-water (60:40 v/v) mixture at 25 deg C.When a large excess of diazoalkane was used, the kinetics were zero order in diazoalkane and first order in acid for the pH range 4 8 M-1s-1.Isotope-exchange studies showed that water deprotonates the methanediazonium ion less rapidly than it displaces nitrogen; however, the hydroxide ion reacts more rapidly as a base than as a nucleophile.The rates of nucleophilic attack of water and the hydroxide ion on the methanediazonium ion were estimated as 1.8 s-1 and 1*104 M-1s-1, respectively, in THF-water (60:40 v/v).The pKa of the methanediazonium ion in this medium was ten.
McGarrity, John F.,Smyth, Timothy
p. 7303 - 7308
(2007/10/02)
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