- Straightforward synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation of hybrids of natural alkaloid evodiamine/rutaecarpine and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones
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Dozens of hybrids of natural alkaloid evodiamine/rutaecarpine and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones were synthesized in a straightforward method by condensation of substituted 2H-thieno[2,3-d][1, 3]oxazine-2,4(1H)-diones or N-methyl-2H-thieno[2,3-d][1, 3]oxazine-2,4(1H)-dione with 3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines. In vitro cytotoxic assay discovered that compounds 9a, 10e, 11a, 11d, 11f, and 12a could induce antiproliferation against four different types of human cancer cells while compounds 10f and 12e were inactive. Notably, compound 11a displayed potent cell cytotoxicity for human non-small cell lung cancer cells A549, PC-9, human prostate cancer cells PC-3, and human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Furthermore, compound 11a exhibited strong colony formation inhibition to A549 cells. These results unfold potential anticancer therapeutic applications of hybrids of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones and quinazolinones.
- Aisa, Haji Akber,Cao, Jian-Guo,Huang, Guo-Zheng,Liu, Fei-Ze,Nie, Li-Fei,Wang, Si-Si,Xiamuxi, Hainimu
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- Subtle modifications to a thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold yield negative allosteric modulators and agonists of the dopamine D2 receptor
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We recently described a structurally novel series of negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) based on thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 1, showing it can be structurally simplified to reveal low molecular weight, fragment-like NAMs that retain robust negative cooperativity, such as 3. Herein, we report the synthesis and functional profiling of analogues of 3, placing specific emphasis on examining secondary and tertiary amino substituents at the 4-position, combined with a range of substituents at the 5/6-positions (e.g. aromatic/aliphatic carbocycles). We identify analogues with diverse pharmacology at the D2R including NAMs with sub-μM affinity (9h) and, surprisingly, low efficacy partial agonists (9d and 9i).
- Fyfe, Tim J.,Kellam, Barrie,Mistry, Shailesh N.,Scammells, Peter J.,Lane, J. Robert,Capuano, Ben
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p. 474 - 490
(2019/03/07)
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- One-Pot Synthesis of Thieno[3,2- e]pyrrolo[1,2- a]pyrimidine Derivative Scaffold: A Valuable Source of PARP-1 Inhibitors
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A new, efficient, and versatile one-pot cascade reaction of diverse Gewald's aminothiophenes, 2-hydroxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid, and derivatives of cyanoacetic acid catalyzed by Et3N is presented. It enables direct synthesis of diverse 1-(2-oxoethylidene)-2-oxothieno[3,2-e]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine in good to excellent yields. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope and also presents an opportunity for further modification of the structure. The method offers a convenient practical alternative to the known procedures. The synthesized thieno[3,2-e]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine scaffold is an important structural motif of new poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, playing a useful role in multiple pharmacological applications.
- Shipilovskikh, Sergei A.,Rubtsov, Aleksandr E.
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supporting information
p. 15788 - 15796
(2019/12/25)
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- Identification of 4-methoxythieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as FGFR1 inhibitors
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Aim. To identify novel FGFR1 inhibitors using virtual screening approach. Methods. We used methods of organic synthesis, molecular docking via the Autodock 4.2.6 program package and in vitro biochemical tests with γ-32P. Results. In vitro experiments showed that 9 of 23 tested compounds possess inhibitory activity against FGFR1 with IC50 values in the range from 0.9 to 5.6 μM. Conclusions. Nine FGFR1 inhibitors were developed. The mode of compounds binding with the ATP-acceptor site was determined using molecular docking methods and the dependence of the compounds’ activity on the substituents R1, R4 and R5 was evaluated.
- Balanda, A. O.,Bdzhola, V. G.,Kotey, I. M.,Pletnova, L. V.,Protopopov, M. V.,Prykhod’ko, A. O.,Starosyla, S. A.,Yarmoluk, S. M.
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p. 152 - 162
(2020/06/02)
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- A Thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidine Scaffold Is a Novel Negative Allosteric Modulator of the Dopamine D2 Receptor
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Recently, a novel negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of the D2-like dopamine receptors 1 was identified through virtual ligand screening. This ligand comprises a thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold that does not feature in known dopaminergic ligands. Herein, we provide pharmacological validation of an allosteric mode of action for 1, revealing that it is a NAM of dopamine efficacy and identify the structural determinants of this allostery. We find that key structural moieties are important for functional affinity and negative cooperativity, while functionalization of the thienopyrimidine at the 5- and 6-positions results in analogues with divergent cooperativity profiles. Successive compound iterations have yielded analogues exhibiting a 10-fold improvement in functional affinity, as well as enhanced negative cooperativity with dopamine affinity and efficacy. Furthermore, our study reveals a fragment-like core that maintains low μM affinity and robust negative cooperativity with markedly improved ligand efficiency.
- Fyfe, Tim J.,Zarzycka, Barbara,Lim, Herman D.,Kellam, Barrie,Mistry, Shailesh N.,Katrich, Vsevolod,Scammells, Peter J.,Lane, J. Robert,Capuano, Ben
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p. 174 - 206
(2018/05/14)
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- 4-Substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potent antibacterial agents: Rational design, microwave-assisted synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies
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In an attempt to discover a new class of antibacterial agents with improved efficacy and to overcome the drug-resistant problems, some novel 4-substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines have been synthesized via microwave-assisted methodology and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against various pathogenic bacterial strains. Compounds 12b and 13c showed the promising inhibitory potencies against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli with MICs ranging from 2 to 10?μg/ml. Compound 13c was also found to be highly potent against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with MIC value of 4?μg/ml. Docking simulation studies have been performed to unravel the mode of action and association study indicate the binding of potent compounds with DHPS enzyme. In silico ADME studies suggest the drug-like characteristics of the potent compounds.
- Gill, Rupinder K.,Singh, Harpreet,Raj, Tilak,Sharma, Anuradha,Singh, Gagandeep,Bariwal, Jitender
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p. 1115 - 1121
(2017/10/06)
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- Synthesis, anticancer activity and photostability of novel 3-ethyl-2-mercapto-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones
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Some derivatives of 3-ethyl-2-mercapto-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized using ethyl 2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylates as precursors in order to estimate their cytotoxicity, respectively proliferative activity. Thienopyrimidinones containing thiosemicarbazide as well as 1,3,4-thiadiazole moieties were evaluated for their cytotoxical effect on four cancer cell lines: HT-29, breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, HeLa, HepG2 as well as human diploid cell line Lep-3. Compounds 5b, 6a and 6b revealed cytotoxicity to the four studied cancer cell lines. The highst cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-31 exhibited the thiosemicarbazide 5b with IC502.31.10?4?μM, but most active towards HT-29?cell lines was thienopyrimidine 6c with IC500.001?μM. Compound 6a showed the highest inhibitory activity with IC50- 0.99?μM to human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells and low cytotoxicity towards Lep3 (IC50?=?191?μM). The thienopyrimidine derivative linked to thiadiazole 6b was toxic to the four studied cancer cell lines, especially to HeLa (IC50–0.83?μM), and besides that the compound demonstrated toxicity to Lep 3?cells at very high concentration 89?×?103?μM. The solid-state photostability of the derivatives 5a-c and 6a-c was tested by irradiation with UV light. All of the studied compounds show solid-state photostability in 240?min of irradiation. Using MOE software molecular docking of the three ligands 5b, 6b and 7 was accomplished into an internal pocket formed by the activation segment and the P-loop ofV599EB-Raf. It was established that the binding of the ligands toV599EB-Raf promotes an inactive conformation of the enzyme.
- Mavrova, Anelia Ts,Dimov, Stefan,Yancheva, Denitsa,Rangelov, Miroslav,Wesselinova, Diana,Tsenov, Jordan A.
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- Computer-aided identification, synthesis and evaluation of substituted thienopyrimidines as novel inhibitors of HCV replication
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A structure-based virtual screening technique was applied to the study of the HCV NS3 helicase, with the aim to find novel inhibitors of the HCV replication. A library of ～450000 commercially available compounds was analysed in silico and 21 structures were selected for biological evaluation in the HCV replicon assay. One hit characterized by a substituted thieno-pyrimidine scaffold was found to inhibit the viral replication with an EC50value in the sub-micromolar range and a good selectivity index. Different series of novel thieno-pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesised; several new structures showed antiviral activity in the low or sub-micromolar range.
- Bassetto, Marcella,Leyssen, Pieter,Neyts, Johan,Yerukhimovich, Mark M.,Frick, David N.,Brancale, Andrea
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supporting information
p. 31 - 47
(2016/08/01)
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- Design and synthesis of novel protein kinase CK2 inhibitors on the base of 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines
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An extension of our previous research work has resulted in a number of new ATP-competitive CK2 inhibitors that have been identified among 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives. The most active compounds obtained in the course of the research are 3-(5-p-tolyl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-benzoic acid, 5e (NHTP23, IC50 = 0.01 μM), 3-(5-phenyl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-benzoic acid, 5g (NHTP25, IC50 = 0.065 μM) and 3-(6-methyl-5-phenyl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-benzoic acid, 5n (NHTP33, IC50 = 0.008 μM). Structure-activity relationships of the tested 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives have been studied and their binding mode with ATP-acceptor site of CK2 has been proposed. A negative effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the compounds' structure is discussed.
- Ostrynska, Olga V.,Balanda, Anatoliy O.,Bdzhola, Volodymyr G.,Golub, Andriy G.,Kotey, Igor M.,Kukharenko, Olexander P.,Gryshchenko, Andrii A.,Briukhovetska, Nadiia V.,Yarmoluk, Sergiy M.
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p. 148 - 160
(2016/04/05)
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- Basic Ionic Liquid [bmIm]OH-Mediated Gewald Reaction as Green Protocol for the Synthesis of 2-Aminothiophenes
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A simple, efficient, and environmental friendly procedure was developed based on the Gewald reaction for the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes using a basic ionic liquid [bmIm]OH as both catalyst and solvent. Besides being a green protocol, the method offers advantages of successful synthesis of a variety of alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, and alkylamino-2-aminothiophenes in good yields.
- Kaki, Venkata Rao,Akkinepalli, Raghuram Rao,Deb, Pran Kishore,Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao
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p. 119 - 126
(2015/10/20)
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- Microwave-assisted synthesis of potent PDE7 inhibitors containing a thienopyrimidin-4-amine scaffold
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A series of novel thienopyrimidin-4-amines have been synthesized and evaluated as phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors. A rationale for the observed selectivity against PDE7 has been obtained from molecular modelling studies on the most active compounds. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Sanchez, Ana I.,Meneses, Ricardo,Minguez, Jose M.,Nunez, Araceli,Castillo, Rafael R.,Filace, Fabiana,Burgos, Carolina,Vaquero, Juan J.,Alvarez-Builla, Julio,Cortes-Cabrera, Alvaro,Gago, Federico,Terricabras, Emma,Segarra, Victor
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supporting information
p. 4233 - 4242
(2014/06/10)
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- Efficient three-component Gewald reactions under Et3N/H 2O conditions
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In a medium consisting of triethylamine and water, methylene ketones undergo room temperature Gewald reactions with elemental sulfur and ethyl cyanoacetate (or malononitrile) to yield 2 aminothiophene derivatives efficiently within short time periods. Because of the high polarity of the medium, products precipitate in the reaction mixtures spontaneously. This makes isolation of the products easy by simple filtration and avoids cumbersome chromatographic separations. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reactions proceed via a Knoevenagel condensation pathway(equation presented). 2013
- Abaee, M. Saeed,Cheraghi, Somayeh
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p. 261 - 269
(2014/04/03)
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- A convenient synthesis of new annelated pyrimidines and their biological importance
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Several bicyclic/tricyclic-fused pyrimidines were synthesized from the reactions of amino esters and bifunctional nucleophiles such as 2-methylthio-thiazoline and 2-methylthio-imidazoline. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activities that revealed mild to moderate growth inhibitory potentials.
- Wahab Khan,Uddin, Mohammed Kabir,Ali, Morshed,Rahman, Mohammad S.,Rashid, Mohammad Abdur,Chowdhury, Rasheduzzaman
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p. E216-E221
(2014/11/07)
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- 2,4-Diaminothienopyrimidines as orally active antimalarial agents
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A novel series of 2,4-diaminothienopyrimidines with potential as antimalarials was identified from whole-cell high-throughput screening of a SoftFocus ion channel library. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies identified compounds with potent antiplasmodial activity and low in vitro cytotoxicity. Several of these analogues exhibited in vivo activity in the Plasmodium berghei mouse model when administered orally. However, inhibition of the hERG potassium channel was identified as a liability for this series.
- González Cabrera, Diego,Le Manach, Claire,Douelle, Frederic,Younis, Yassir,Feng, Tzu-Shean,Paquet, Tanya,Nchinda, Aloysius T.,Street, Leslie J.,Taylor, Dale,De Kock, Carmen,Wiesner, Lubbe,Duffy, Sandra,White, Karen L.,Zabiulla, K. Mohammed,Sambandan, Yuvaraj,Bashyam, Sridevi,Waterson, David,Witty, Michael J.,Charman, Susan A.,Avery, Vicky M.,Wittlin, Sergio,Chibale, Kelly
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supporting information
p. 1014 - 1022
(2014/03/21)
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- Bovine serum albumin-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes via Gewald reaction
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A novel bovine serum albumin (BSA)-catalyzed Gewald reaction in one-pot was developed in this work. The influence of reaction conditions including solvent, temperature and catalyst loading was investigated, and 12 multi-substituted 2-aminothiophene derivatives were prepared with moderate to excellent yields. Recycle experiments were designed to demonstrate the reusability of BSA. This novel activity of BSA to catalyze Gewald reaction is of practical significance in expanding the application of biocatalysts.
- Zhao, Dan-Dan,Li, Li,Xu, Fan,Wu, Qi,Lin, Xian-Fu
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- KG-60-piperazine as a new heterogeneous catalyst for gewald three-component reaction
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Piperazine supported on amorphous silica (KG-60-piperazine) as a basic catalyst acts in the Gewald three-component reaction of some aldehydes and ketones with malononitrile as well as ethyl cyanoacetate. The catalyst shows general utility with a variety of starting carbonyl compounds. Moreover, the catalyst can be reused for four additional cycles without significant loss of the activity. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications to view the free supplemental file.
- Rezaei-Seresht, Esmail,Tayebee, Reza,Yasemi, Mohammad
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p. 1859 - 1864
(2013/05/21)
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- Mg/La mixed oxide as an efficient heterogeneous basic catalyst for synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes under microwave irradiation
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Microwave-assisted synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes via a Gewald reaction using a heterogeneous strong basic Mg/La mixed oxide catalyst is described.
- Moeinpour, Farid,Dorostkar, Nadieh,Vafaei, Majid
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experimental part
p. 2367 - 2374
(2012/06/18)
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- IRAK INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to compounds and methods useful for inhibiting one or more interleukin-l receptor-associated kinases ("IRAK"). In some embodiments, a provided compound inhibits IRAK-1 and IRAK-4. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising compounds of the present invention and methods of using said compositions in the treatment of various disorders.
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Page/Page column 120
(2012/07/28)
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- Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 2-(pyridin-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4 (3H)-ones
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In the present study, some new 2-(pyridin-2-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H) -ones derivatives (IIa-o) were synthesized. The target compounds (IIa-o) were synthesized through the acid catalyzed condensation of 2-cyano, 3-cyano, and 4-cyano-pyridines with various 2-amino-3-carbethoxythiophenes (Ia-e). All thiophene derivatives were synthesized by Gewald reaction. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by UV-Visible, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectral studies. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial and fungal strains. Amongst the synthesized compounds IIa, IIb, IId, IIe, and IIm were found to be active. TUeBITAK.
- Haswani, Nitin G.,Bari, Sanjaykumar B.
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experimental part
p. 915 - 924
(2012/02/16)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted (thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin- 4-ylthio)carboxylic acids as inhibitors of human protein kinase CK2
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A novel series of substituted (thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylthio)carboxylic acids has been synthesized and tested in vitro towards human protein kinase CK2. It was revealed that the most active compounds inhibiting CK2 are 3-{[5-(4-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]thio}propanoic acid and 3-{[5-(4-ethoxyphenyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]thio}propanoic acid (IC 50 values are 0.1 μM and 0.125 μM, respectively). Structure-activity relationships of 28 tested thienopyrimidine derivatives have been studied and binding mode of this chemical class has been predicted. Evaluation of the inhibitors on seven protein kinases revealed considerable selectivity towards CK2.
- Golub, Andriy G.,Bdzhola, Volodymyr G.,Briukhovetska, Nadiia V.,Balanda, Anatoliy O.,Kukharenko, Olexander P.,Kotey, Igor M.,Ostrynska, Olga V.,Yarmoluk, Sergiy M.
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experimental part
p. 870 - 876
(2011/04/22)
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- Identification of 5,6-substituted 4-aminothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as LIMK1 inhibitors
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4-Aminobenzothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines were previously identified in a high throughput screening campaign as LIMK1 inhibitors. Scaffold reversal led to the identification of a series of simple 5,6-substituted 4-aminothieno[2,3-d] pyrimidines with low micromolar inhibition of LIMK1.
- Sleebs, Brad E.,Nikolakopoulos, George,Street, Ian P.,Falk, Hendrik,Baell, Jonathan B.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5992 - 5994
(2011/10/18)
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- Synthesis and theoretical studies on energetics of novel N- and O- perfluoroalkyl triazole tagged thienopyrimidines - Their potential as adenosine receptor ligands
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A series of novel N- and O- perfluoroalkyl triazole tagged thienopyrimidines 6a-c and 7a-d was synthesized in two steps from thienopyrimidin-4-ones 2 through O- and N-propargylated regioisomers 3a-i and 4a-i respectively. Compound 2 was reacted with propargyl bromide to form O- and N-propargylated regioisomers 3 and 4 in definite proportions. Each regioisomer was separated and independently subjected to [3?+?2] cycloaddition using perfluoroalkyl azides through Click reaction under Sharpless conditions and obtained exclusively anti product in each case. The formation of two regioisomers in the first step and single anti addition product in the next step could be explained based on computational studies carried out at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. Results of Fukui function indices at the reactive centers are in accordance with the observations. On evaluation of the synthesized molecules for their binding affinities towards adenosine receptors, 4d and 4f were found to be selective to A1 over A2A receptors.
- Sirisha,Narsaiah,Yakaiah,Gayatri,Sastry, G. Narahari,Prasad, M. Raghu,Rao, A. Raghuram
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scheme or table
p. 1739 - 1745
(2010/06/17)
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- Reaction pathways to 2-aminothiophenes and thiophene-3-carbonitriles
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Over the past two decades 2-amino-3-benzoylthiophenes have been found to act as allosteric enhancers of the adenosine A1 receptor (A 1AR). As such, compounds of this type have potential applications in the therapy of a variety of dis
- Aurelio, Luigi,Flynn, Bernard L.,Scammells, Peter J.
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experimental part
p. 402 - 406
(2009/12/01)
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- The Dimroth rearrangement: Synthesis and interconversion of isomeric triazolothienopyrimidines
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Triazolo-thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidines obtained by cyclisation of 4-hydrazino-2-(methylthio)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine with formic acid, acetic acid, cyanogen bromide and carbon disulfide, and by oxidation of the derived aldehyde hydrazones, are found to be the triazolo[4,3-c] isomers. These [4,3-c] compounds resist isomerisation in acid, but they undergo Dimroth rearrangement to the [1,5-c] isomers under basic conditions. The crystal structure of one such rearranged product, 5-methoxy-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro[1]benzothieno[3,2-e][1,2,4] triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine (13b) was confirmed by X-ray analysis.
- Hamed, Atef A.,El-Ashry, El-Sayed H.,Zeid, Ibrahim F.,Badr, Hesham F.
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scheme or table
p. 334 - 339
(2009/05/30)
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- Efficient synthesis of substituted 2-amino-3-carbethoxythiophenes
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A microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of a variety of thiophene o-aminoesters (2a-l) has been developed, starting from an appropriate aldehyde, methyl ketone or acetoacetate ester with ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of elemental sulfur. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Kathiravan,Shishoo,Chitre,Mahadik,Jain
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p. 4273 - 4279
(2008/03/13)
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- Microwave accelerated Gewald reaction: synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes
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Microwave-promoted synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes by multicomponent reactions of a ketone with an active nitrile and elemental sulfur under KF-alumina catalysis is described.
- Sridhar, Madabhushi,Rao, Rayankula Mallikarjuna,Baba, Nanduri H.K.,Kumbhare, Ravindra M.
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p. 3171 - 3172
(2007/10/03)
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- Microwave-assisted gewald synthesis of 2-amimothio-phenes using functional ionic liquid as soluble support
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A microwave-assisted liquid-phase Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes was developed using task-specific ionic liquid - [2-hydemim][BF4] as soluble support. This new synthetic method is simple and efficient, and the products are obtained in good to excellent yields with high purities, without the need for chromatographic purification.
- Hu, Yi,Wei, Ping,Huang, He,Han, Shi-Qing,Ouyang, Ping-Kai
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p. 375 - 380
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes on ionic liquid phase support using the Gewald reaction
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The first report of the use of task-specific ionic liquid as soluble support for the Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes is reported in this article. This synthetic method is simple and efficient, and the products are obtained in good to excellent yields with high purities, without the need for chromatographic purification. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Hu, Yi,Wei, Ping,Huang, He,Han, Shi-Qing,Ouyang, Ping-Kai
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p. 1543 - 1548
(2007/10/03)
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- Organic reactions in ionic liquids: Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes catalyzed by ethylenediammonium diacetate
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Ionic liquids based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF4) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6) were used as reusable alternatives to volatile organic solvents (VOCs) for ethylenediammonium diacetate (EDDA) catalyzed Gewald synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes. Significant rate enhancement and improvement of the yield were observed. The ionic liquids containing catalyst EDDA were recycled several times with no decreases in yields and reaction rates.
- Hu, Yi,Chen, Zhen-Chu,Le, Zhang-Gao,Zheng, Qin-Guo
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p. 3801 - 3806
(2007/10/03)
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