- Facile functionalization at the C4 position of pyrimidine nucleosides via amide group activation with (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) and biological evaluations of the products
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Reactions of O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-protected thymidine, 2′-deoxyuridine, and 3′-azidothymidine (AZT) with (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) leads to activation of the C4 amide carbonyl by formation of putative O4-(benzotriazol-1-yl) derivatives. Subsequent substitution with alkyl and aryl amines, thiols, and alcohols leads to facile functionalization at this position. Reactions with amines and thiols were conducted either as a two-step, one-pot transformation, or as a one-step conversion. Reactions with alcohols were conducted as two-step, one-pot transformations. In the course of these investigations, the formation of 1-(4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-benzotriazole-3-oxide derivatives from the pyrimidine nucleosides was identified. However, these too underwent conversion to the desired products. Products obtained from AZT were converted to the 3′-amino derivatives by catalytic reduction. All products were assayed for their abilities to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and for antiviral activities. Many were seen to be active against HIV-1 and HIV-2, and one was active against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).
- Akula, Hari K.,Kokatla, Hariprasad,Andrei, Graciela,Snoeck, Robert,Schols, Dominique,Balzarini, Jan,Yang, Lijia,Lakshman, Mahesh K.
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supporting information
p. 1130 - 1139
(2017/02/10)
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- Cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of O4-alkylthymidine lesions in Escherichia colicells
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Due to the abundant presence of alkylating agents in living cells and the environment, DNA alkylation is generally unavoidable. Among the alkylated DNA lesions, O4-alkylthymidine (O4-alkyldT) are known to be highly mutagenic and persistent in mammalian tissues. Not much is known about how the structures of the alkyl group affect the repair and replicative bypass of the O4-alkyldT lesions, or how the latter process is modulated by translesion synthesis polymerases. Herein, we synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides harboring eight site-specifically inserted O4-alkyldT lesions and examined their impact on DNA replication in Escherichia colicells. We showed that the replication past all the O4-alkyldT lesions except (S)- and (R)-sBudT was highly efficient, and these lesions directed very high frequencies of dGMP misincorporation in E. coli cells. While SOS-induced DNA polymerases play redundant roles in bypassing most of theO4-alkyldT lesions, the bypass of (S)- and (R)-sBudT necessitated Pol V. Moreover, Ada was not involved in the repair of any O4-alkyldT lesions, Ogt was able to repair O4-MedT and, to a lesser extent, O4-EtdT and O4-nPrdT, but not other O4-alkyldT lesions. Together, our study provided important new knowledge about the repair of the O4-alkyldT lesions and their recognition by the E. coli replication machinery.
- Wang, Pengcheng,Amato, Nicholas J.,Zhai, Qianqian,Wang, Yinsheng
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p. 10795 - 10803
(2016/05/09)
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- In search of Flavivirus inhibitors part 2: Tritylated, diphenylmethylated and other alkylated nucleoside analogues
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Several flaviviruses, such as the yellow fever virus and the dengue virus cause severe and potentially lethal infection in man. Following up on our initial hit 3′,5′-bistritylated uridine 1, a series of alkylated nucleoside analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activities against dengue fever virus and yellow fever virus. Hereto, alkyl and aryl groups were attached at various positions of the sugar ring combined with subtle variation of the heterocyclic base. Among the new series of derivatives, 3′,5′-di-O-trityl-5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine (39) was the most efficient in this series and inhibited both yellow fever virus and dengue virus replication with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of ~1 μg/mL without considerable cytotoxicity. The other fluorinated derivatives proved more toxic. Almost all diphenylmethylated pyrimidine nucleosides with 3′,5′-di-O-benzhydryl-2′-deoxyuridine (50) as the example were endowed with strong cytotoxic effects down to 1 μg/mL.
- Saudi, Milind,Zmurko, Joanna,Kaptein, Suzanne,Rozenski, Jef,Neyts, Johan,Van Aerschot, Arthur
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- Convenient intermediates for the preparation of C-4 modified derivatives of pyrimidine nucleosides
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4-(4-Nitrophenoxy)-1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one 15, 5- methyl-4-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-(β-D-2-deoxyribofuranosyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)- one 7a and 4-(4-nitrophenoxy)-1-(βD-2-deoxyribofuranosyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)- one 17a, respectively, have been prepared and are recommended as reactive intermediates for the preparation of derivatives of uridine, thymidine and 2'-deoxyuridine which are modified at C-4.
- Miah, Anwar,Reese, Colin B.,Song, Quanlai
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- Solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotides containing 4-alkoxythymidine residues
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Immobilized and fully protected oligodeoxynucleotides containing a 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl)thymidine residue at a predetermined position were prepared according to a well-established phosphite triester methodology using 2-cyanoethyl phosphoramidites of a 4-(1,2,4-triazolyl)-substituted thymidine and standard protected nucleosides.Treatment of the immobilized oligomer with methanol, ethanol or n-propanol in the presence of DBU at 50 deg C gave the corresponding oligonucleotides containing 4-methoxy, 4-ethoxy or 4-n-propoxythymidine residue.
- Roelen, H. C. P. F.,Brugghe, H. F.,Elst, H. van den,Marel, G. A. van der,Boom, J. H. van
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