- Two-dimensional INADEQUATE 13C NMR Studies of Maleopimaric Acid, the Diels-Alder Adduct of Levopimaric Acid and Maleic Anhydride, and of Abietic Acid
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Two-dimensional INADEQUATE 13C NMR was used to establish firmly the carbon-carbon connectivities present in abietic acid and maleopimaric acid, i. e. the adduct of levopimaric acid and maleic anhydride.This information leads to unambiguous assignments for the 20 and 24 carbon resonances of abietic acid and maleopimaric acid, respectively.Proton-carbon chemical shift correlation and NOE experiments further revealed the three-dimensional structure of maleopimaric acid.
- Kruk, C.,Vries, N. K. de,Velden, G. van der
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- Robust antimicrobial compounds and polymers derived from natural resin acids
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We report novel robust resin acid-derived antimicrobial agents that exhibit excellent antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of bacteria (6 Gram-positive and 7 Gram-negative) with selective lysis of microbial membranes over mammalian membranes. Our results indicate that hydrophobicity and unique structures of resin acids can be determining factors in dictating the antimicrobial activity.
- Wang, Jifu,Chen, Yung Pin,Yao, Kejian,Wilbon, Perry A.,Zhang, Wujie,Ren, Lixia,Zhou, Juhua,Nagarkatti, Mitzi,Wang, Chunpeng,Chu, Fuxiang,He, Xiaoming,Decho, Alan W.,Tang, Chuanbing
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- CO2-Responsive Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by a Bio-based Rigid Surfactant with Nanosilica
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A novel CO2-responsive surfactant, maleopimaric acid glycidyl methacrylate ester 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine imide (MPAGN), based on sustainable resource of rosin was synthesized and used to prepare a kind of CO2-responsive Pickering emulsions with nanosilica. MPAGN can be reversibly responsive to CO2 and N2 between active cationic (MPAGNH+) and inactive nonionic (MPAGN), leading to adsorb on or desorb from the surface of nanosilica, then stabilize or break emulsion. CO2-responsive behavior of MPAGN was verified by cycle change of pH and conductivity with bubbling CO2 and N2 alternately. The type of adsorption of MPAGNH+ at the particle-water interface was explained according to the adsorption isotherms. The mechanisms of stabilization, destabilization, and restabilization of Pickering emulsion were analyzed according to zeta potentials and droplet size. This Pickering emulsion can be reversible between stable and unstable by bubbling CO2 and N2 alternately. Moreover, this emulsifier can be recycled when new oil was added after removing the initial oil. Therefore, it not only has economic benefits but also has an environmentally friendly property.
- Yan, Xinyan,Zhai, Zhaolan,Xu, Ji,Song, Zhanqian,Shang, Shibin,Rao, Xiaoping
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- Rosin-based porous heterogeneous catalyst functionalized with hydroxyl groups and triazole groups for CO2 chemical conversion under atmospheric pressure condition
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Development of efficient, green and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for the chemical conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates with excellent yields under atmospheric pressure condition is still a very challenging task. Herein, a class of biomass-derived hyper-cross-linked porous heterogeneous catalysts MPAc-Br and MPAc-OH-Br, based on easily available and sustainable rosin, was synthesized by Friedel–Crafts polymerization and the further N-alkylation of triazole groups. Compared with MPAc-Br, the bifunctional catalyst MPAc-OH-Br (bearing triazole IL groups and -OH groups) exhibited higher catalytic activity for direct chemical conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates (up to 99% yields) under metal-, solvent-free and atmospheric pressure conditions. The rosin-based porous molecular structure and bifunctional groups on the surface of MPAc-OH-Br played a very important role in the promoting the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides under the optimal conditions. Furthermore, MPAc-OH-Br exhibited good stability and reusability (96% yield after 10 recycles).
- Gao, Jinbin,Lai, Shilin,Xiong, Xingquan
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- Polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide, preparation method thereof, and polymerized rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide prepared from polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide
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The invention discloses a polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide, a preparation method thereof, and a polymerized rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide prepared from the polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide. The structural formula of the polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide is shown in the specification. The polymerizable rosin quaternary ammonium salt bactericide has good biocompatibility and efficient bactericidal property, and also has polymerizable active groups; and the preparation method of the polymerizable rosin quaternaryammonium salt bactericide develops the novel efficient bactericide from natural biomass resource rosin, provides a new way for high-valued utilization of the rosin resource, and ha a simple synthesisprocess.
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Paragraph 0030-0034
(2020/02/29)
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- Sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate, and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The structural formula of the sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate is shown in the description, and n in the formula is 8-16. The preparation method of the sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate comprises the following steps: 1) performing a D-A addition reaction on rosin and maleic anhydrideto obtain maleated rosin; 2) performing an imidization reaction on the maleated rosin and alkylamine to obtain alkylmaleimide carboxylic acid; and 3) carrying out a neutralization reaction on the alkylmaleimide carboxylic acid and a sodium-containing basifying agent. The invention further discloses the application of the sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate. The sodium alkylmaleimide carboxylate enriches the variety of rosin surfactant products, improves the added values of rosin, has mild preparation conditions, and has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, no pollution, greenness and environmental protection.
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Paragraph 0071; 0072
(2020/04/17)
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- Water-soluble rosin derivative as well as preparation method and application thereof as antifeedant
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The invention discloses a water-soluble rosin derivative, the molecular structure of which is shown in the drawing, wherein n is equal to 12, 14, 16, 18. The invention further discloses a preparationmethod for the water-soluble rosin derivative: with rosin, maleic anhydride, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine and octadecylamine as main materials, by D-A addition, amidation and acid-base neutralization reactions, the water-soluble rosin derivative (Cn-MPA-2Na) is synthesized; under room temperature, the solubility of Cn-MPA-2Na is greater than 300g/L; the water-soluble rosin derivative has a good prevention and control effect on four-years-old larvae of black cutworms, and the medium antifeeding concentration (AFC50) of Cn-MPA-2Na on four-years-old larvae of black cutworms is 0.51g/L. The water-soluble rosin derivative is a safe, nontoxic, green and pollution-free antifeedant.
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Paragraph 0015
(2018/09/11)
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- Synthesis and antiviral activity of maleopimaric and quinopimaric acids' derivatives
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A series of maleopimaric and quinopimaric acids' derivatives modified in the E-ring, at the carbonyl- and carboxyl-groups were synthesized and evaluated for their activity in vitro against respiratory viruses (influenza; rhinovirus; adenovirus; and SARS), papilloma virus, and hepatitis B and C viruses. The antiviral screening of levopimaric acid diene adducts derivatives was carried out with minimal effect on SARS and influenza type B viruses. Excellent antiviral activity of the ozonolysis product of maleopimaric acid and dihydroquinopimaric methyl-(2-methoxycarbonyl)ethylene amide was found toward papilloma virus (HPV-11 strain) with the selectivity index of SI 30 and 20, respectively. Methyl (2-methoxycarbonyl)ethylene-, 1β-hydroxy-5′-kaprolaktamo- and 4β-hydroxy-4α,14α-epoxy-13(15)-ene-dihydroquinopimaric acid derivatives have also shown activity against replication of HCV nucleic acid and low toxicity.
- Tretyakova, Elena V.,Smirnova, Irina E.,Salimova, Elena V.,Odinokov, Victor N.
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p. 6543 - 6550
(2015/10/19)
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- Synthesis and enantiomeric recognition ability of 22-crown-6 ethers derived from rosin acid and BINOL
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Four novel chiral 22-crown-6 ethers 6a-b, 7a-b bearing hydroxyl side groups derived from rosin acid and BINOL were prepared in optically pure forms, and their enantiodiscriminating abilities towards protonated primary amines and amino acid methyl ester salts were examined by UV-vis titration methods. These receptors exhibited good chiral recognition towards the isomers (up to K D/KL = 6.02, ΔΔG0 = 4.45 kJ mol-1) and showed different complementarity to various chiral guests.
- Wang, Hengshan,Tian, Xiaoyan,Yang, Da,Pan, Yingming,Wu, Qiang,He, Chunhuan
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scheme or table
p. 381 - 386
(2011/06/11)
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- Synthesis of aromatic azomethines by condensation of substituted benzaldehydes with 4-Aminophenylene-N-imide of maleopimaric acid
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Preparative method of synthesis of aromatic azomethines by condensation of substituted benzaldehydes of vanillin series with 4-aminophenylene-N-imide of maleopimaric acid was developed. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2010.
- Dikusar,Bei,Yuvchenko,Potkin
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scheme or table
p. 1320 - 1323
(2011/02/27)
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- Synthesis, crystal structure and application of maleopimaric acid mono-ethyl ester
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The compound maleopimaric acid mono-ethyl ester (MAMEE) was synthesized by Diles-Alder, acyl chlorination and esterification reaction between rosin and maleic anhydride, SOCl2 and anhydrous enthanol. It was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The white crystals crystallized in the orthorhombic system, space group P212121 with cell dimensions: a = 7.3830 (15) ?, b = 17.877 (4) ?, c = 19.601 (4) ?, α = 90°, β = 90 °, γ = 90°, V = 2587.1 (9) ?3 and R1 = 0.0568, wR2 = 0.1407. The two fused and unbridged cyclohexane rings adopt approximate chair conformations while other six-membered rings have boat conformations and the two methyl groups in axis positions. Crystal water existed in the molecular and stabilized the structure through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The soldering flux prepared by using maleopimaric acid monoethyl ester achieves a high wetting ability and is excellent in spreading rate and storage stability.
- Hong, Gao,Song, Zhanqian,Shang, Shibin,Xu, Xu,Wang, Xiankai
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experimental part
p. 4681 - 4687
(2010/11/16)
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- Rosin-based acid anhydrides as alternatives to petrochemical curing agents
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In this paper, two bio-based epoxy curing agents were synthesized using rosin acids. The chemical structures of the rosin derivatives were confirmed in detail by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR and ESI-MS. The synthesis methods of the rosin-based curing agents, curing behaviors and properties of the cured epoxy resins were studied. Two commercial curing agents, which have similar functionality and structural resemblance to the rosin-based curing agents, were also used in the study for comparison. Compared with the synthesis of petrochemical curing agents, the synthesis of rosin-based curing agents was simpler and more environmentally friendly, and has less strict requirements on reactors and catalysts. Non-isothermal curing of a commercial liquid epoxy was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal mechanical properties and thermal stability of the cured epoxy resins were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Results showed that the curing behaviors of the rosin-based curing agents were similar to those of the commercial curing agents. The epoxies cured by rosin-based curing agents also demonstrated similar thermal mechanical properties and thermal stability to the epoxies cured by commercial curing agent analogs.
- Liu, Xiaoqing,Xin, Wenbo,Zhang, Jinwen
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experimental part
p. 1018 - 1025
(2010/04/23)
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