- Cobalt-Catalyzed, Directed Intermolecular C-H Bond Functionalization for Multiheteroatom Heterocycle Synthesis: The Case of Benzotriazine
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Transition-metal-catalyzed, directed intermolecular C-H bond functionalization is synthetically useful but heavily underexplored in multiheteroatom heterocycle synthesis. Herein we report a cobalt catalytic method for the formation of a three-nitrogen-bearing benzotriazine scaffold via the coupling of arylhydrazine and oxadiazolone. This synthetic protocol features a low-cost base metal catalyst, a maximum number of heteroatoms built into a heterocycle, a distinct synthetic logic for benzotriazines, a superior step economy, and a broad substrate scope.
- Wu, Weiping,Fan, Shuaixin,Li, Tielei,Fang, Lili,Chu, Benfa,Zhu, Jin
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supporting information
p. 5652 - 5657
(2021/08/01)
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- Development of Potent 3-Br-isoxazoline-Based Antimalarial and Antileishmanial Compounds
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Starting from the structure of previously reported 3-Br-isoxazoline-based covalent inhibitors of P. falciparum glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and with the intent to improve their metabolic stability and antimalarial activity, we designed and synthesized a series of simplified analogues that are characterized by the insertion of the oxadiazole ring as a bioisosteric replacement for the metabolically labile ester/amide function. We then further replaced the oxadiazole ring with a series of five-membered heterocycles and finally combined the most promising structural features. All the new derivatives were tested in vitro for antimalarial as well as antileishmanial activity. We identified two very promising new lead compounds, endowed with submicromolar antileishmanial activity and nanomolar antiplasmodial activity, respectively, and a very high selectivity index with respect to mammalian cells.
- Galbiati, Andrea,Zana, Aureliano,Coser, Consuelo,Tamborini, Lucia,Basilico, Nicoletta,Parapini, Silvia,Taramelli, Donatella,Conti, Paola
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supporting information
p. 1726 - 1732
(2021/11/01)
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- Imidazole hydrochloride promoted synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-oxadiazoles
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Imidazole hydrochloride as an additive promotes the reaction of amidoximes and DMA derivatives to generated 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in low to excellent yields without the use of coupling reagents, oxidants, strong acids or bases and other additives.
- Wang, Xuetong,Wang, Yin,Liu, Xiaoling,He, Tingshu,Li, Lingli,Wu, Huili,Zhou, Shangjun,Li, Dan,Liao, Siwei,Xu, Ping,Huang, Xing,Yuan, Jianyong
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supporting information
(2021/10/14)
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- Design, synthesis and biological activities of piperidine-spirooxadiazole derivatives as α7 nicotinic receptor antagonists
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α: 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in the nervous and immune systems have been suggested to play important roles in the control of inflammation. However, the lack of antagonist tools specifically inhibiting α7 nAChR impedes the validation of the channel as therapeutic target. To discover a selective α7 antagonist, we started a pharmacophore-based virtual screening and identified a piperidine-spirooxadiazole derivative T761–0184 that acts as a α7 antagonist. A series of novel piperidine-spirooxadiazole derivatives were subsequently synthesized and evaluated using two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) assay in Xenopus oocytes. Lead compounds from two series inhibited α7 with their IC50 values ranging from 3.3 μM to 13.7 μM. Compound B10 exhibited α7 selectivity over other α4β2 and α3β4 nAChR subtypes. The analysis of structure-activity relationship (SAR) provides valuable insights for further development of selective α7 nAChR antagonists.
- Zhang, Han,He, Xiaomeng,Wang, Xintong,Yu, Bo,Zhao, Siqi,Jiao, Peili,Jin, Hongwei,Liu, Zhenming,Wang, KeWei,Zhang, Liangren,Zhang, Lihe
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of triaryl compounds as novel 20S proteasome inhibitors
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Thirty novel triaryl compounds were designed and synthesized based on the known proteasome inhibitor PI-1840. Most of them showed significant inhibition against the β5c subunit of human 20S proteasome, and five of them exhibited IC50 values at the sub-micromolar level, which were comparable to or even more potent than PI-1840. The most active two (1c and 1d) showed IC50 values of 0.12 and 0.18 μM against the β5c subunit, respectively, while they displayed no obvious inhibition against the β2c, β1c and β5i subunits. Molecular docking provided informative clues for the subunit selectivity. The potent and subunit selective proteasome inhibitors identified herein represent new chemical templates for further molecular optimization.
- Yang, Yajun,Wang, Ke,Wu, Bo,Yang, Ying,Lai, Fangfang,Chen, Xiaoguang,Xiao, Zhiyan
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- Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Indene Derivatives via Rh(III)-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction between Oxadiazoles and Allylic Alcohols
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A highly efficient rhodium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of novel functionalized indene derivatives has been achieved via C?H activation/intramolecular aldol condensation. This cascade reaction is an atom economical protocol which could be further applied to build more complex compounds. (Figure presented.).
- Zhang, Jing,Sun, Jun-Shu,Xia, Ying-Qi,Dong, Lin
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supporting information
p. 2037 - 2041
(2019/03/28)
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- A cascade process for directly converting nitriles (RCN) to cyanamides (RNHCN) via SO2F2-activated Tiemann rearrangement
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A simple, mild and practical process for the direct conversion of nitriles to cyanamides was newly discovered and exhibited a wide substrate scope as well as great functional group-tolerability (36 examples). In this efficient strategy, the in situ generated amidoximes obtained from the reaction of nitriles with hydroxylamine subsequently underwent Tiemann rearrangement, producing the corresponding cyanamides with great isolated yields under SO2F2. Additionally, the control experiments reportedly shed light on the tentative mechanism involved in the formation and elimination of the key intermediate: a sulfonyl ester.
- Zhang, Guofu,Zhao, Yiyong,Ding, Chengrong
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supporting information
p. 7684 - 7688
(2019/08/30)
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- Novel 5-(quinuclidin-3-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles to investigate the activation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype: Synthesis and electrophysiological evaluation
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α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are relevant therapeutic targets for a variety of disorders including neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and inflammation. Although traditionally identified as an ionotropic receptor, the α7 subtype showed metabotropic-like functions, mainly linked to the modulation of immune responses. In the present work, we investigated the structure-activity relationships in a set of novel α7 ligands incorporating the 5-(quinuclidin-3-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold, i.e. derivatives 21a-34a and 21b-34b, aiming to identify the structural requirements able to preferentially trigger one of the two activation modes of this receptor subtype. The new compounds were characterized as partial and silent α7 nAChR agonists in electrophysiological assays, which allowed to assess the contribution of the different groups towards the final pharmacological profile. Overall, modifications of the selected structural backbone mainly afforded partial agonists, among them tertiary bases 27a-33a, whereas additional hydrogen-bond acceptor groups in permanently charged ligands, such as 29b and 31b, favored a silent desensitizing profile at the α7 nAChR.
- Quadri, Marta,Silnovi?, Almin,Matera, Carlo,Horenstein, Nicole A.,Stokes, Clare,De Amici, Marco,Papke, Roger L.,Dallanoce, Clelia
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p. 207 - 228
(2018/10/23)
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- Pharmacophore requirements for HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors that selectively “Freeze” the pre-translocated complex during the polymerization catalytic cycle
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Reverse transcriptase (RT) is responsible for replicating the HIV-1 genome and is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of HIV infections. During each cycle of the RT-catalyzed DNA polymerization process, inorganic pyrophosphate is released as the by-product of nucleotide incorporation. Small molecules were identified that act as bioisosteres of pyrophosphate and can selectively freeze the catalytic cycle of HIV-1 RT at the pre-translocated stage of the DNA- or RNA-template-primer-enzyme complex.
- Lacbay, Cyrus M.,Menni, Michael,Bernatchez, Jean A.,G?tte, Matthias,Tsantrizos, Youla S.
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p. 1713 - 1726
(2018/02/27)
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- Small Molecule Inhibition of MicroRNA miR-21 Rescues Chemosensitivity of Renal-Cell Carcinoma to Topotecan
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Chemical probes of microRNA (miRNA) function are potential tools for understanding miRNA biology that also provide new approaches for discovering therapeutics for miRNA-associated diseases. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is an oncogenic miRNA that is overexpressed in most cancers and has been strongly associated with driving chemoresistance in cancers such as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Using a cell-based luciferase reporter assay to screen small molecules, we identified a novel inhibitor of miR-21 function. Following structure-activity relationship studies, an optimized lead compound demonstrated cytotoxicity in several cancer cell lines. In a chemoresistant-RCC cell line, inhibition of miR-21 via small molecule treatment rescued the expression of tumor-suppressor proteins and sensitized cells to topotecan-induced apoptosis. This resulted in a >10-fold improvement in topotecan activity in cell viability and clonogenic assays. Overall, this work reports a novel small molecule inhibitor for perturbing miR-21 function and demonstrates an approach to enhancing the potency of chemotherapeutics specifically for cancers derived from oncomir addiction.
- Naro, Yuta,Ankenbruck, Nicholas,Thomas, Meryl,Tivon, Yaniv,Connelly, Colleen M.,Gardner, Laura,Deiters, Alexander
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p. 5900 - 5909
(2018/08/04)
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- Indazole-oxadiazole derivative, medicinal composition containing derivative, and application of derivative in tumor prevention
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The invention discloses an indazole-oxadiazole derivative with the structure represented by general formula a shown in the description, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. In the formula, X is O or N, Y is N, Z is N or O, and all groups are as defined in the description. The invention also discloses a medicinal composition adopting the derivative as an active component, and a use of the derivative. Compounds synthesized in the invention have an HIF-1 inhibition effect, and most of the compounds have a substantial HIF-1 inhibition effect, have strong in-vivo and in-vitro anti-HIF-1 effect on human colorectal carcinoma cell strains (HCT116) and other tumor cell strains, and can be used for treating tumor diseases.
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Paragraph 0099; 0100; 0125; 0126
(2017/07/25)
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- Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Oxadiazole-Directed C-H Activation for the Synthesis of 1-Aminoisoquinolines
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Aromatic heterocycles have been identified as effective directing groups (DGs) in C-H functionalization but can be retained as undesired bulky substituents in the final products. Herein, we report a Co(III)-catalyzed 1-aminoisoquinoline synthesis strategy based on oxadiazole-directed aromatic C-H coupling with alkynes and a subsequent redox-neutral C-N cyclization reaction. This labile N-O bond-based protocol has allowed the toleration of a broad range of functional groups.
- Yang, Fan,Yu, Jiaojiao,Liu, Yun,Zhu, Jin
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supporting information
p. 2885 - 2888
(2017/06/07)
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- Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of 1-(acylamino)isoquinolines through direct annulative coupling of 3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with alkynes
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A Rh(III)-catalyzed direct annulative coupling of 3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with alkynes through coordination-assisted CH activation is developed, providing a facile route to 1-(acylamino)isoquinolines. The oxadiazole ring acts as a directing group as well as an internal oxidant.
- Nishii, Yuji,Bachon, Anne-Katrin,Moon, Sanghun,Bolm, Carsten,Miura, Masahiro
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supporting information
p. 1347 - 1349
(2017/08/14)
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- Oxadiazolone-Enabled Synthesis of Primary Azaaromatic Amines
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Despite their tremendous synthetic and pharmaceutical utility, primary azaaromatic amines remain elusive for access based on a generally applicable C-H functionalization strategy. An oxadiazolone-enabled approach is reported for convenient entry into N-unsubstituted 1-aminoisoquinolines through Co(III)-catalyzed redox-neutral, step-, atom-, and purification-economic C-H functionalization with alkynes. A 15N labeling experiment reveals the effectiveness of both oxadiazolone N atoms as directing sites. The installed primary amine can be harnessed as a synthetically useful handle for attachment of divergent appendages.
- Yu, Xiaolong,Chen, Kehao,Yang, Fan,Zha, Shanke,Zhu, Jin
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supporting information
p. 5412 - 5415
(2016/11/06)
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- Expanding Synthesizable Space of Disubstituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles
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One-pot synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from carboxylic acids and nitriles was optimized to parallel chemistry. The method was validated on a 141 member library; the desired products were recovered with a high success rate and in moderate yields. Practical application of the approach was demonstrated in the synthesis of bioactive compound pifexole and agonists of free fatty acid receptor 1. A library of 4 948 100 synthesizable drug-like 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles was enumerated based on the method and available validated reagents.
- Tolmachev, Andrey,Bogolubsky, Andrey V.,Pipko, Sergey E.,Grishchenko, Alexander V.,Ushakov, Dmytro V.,Zhemera, Anton V.,Viniychuk, Oleksandr O.,Konovets, Anzhelika I.,Zaporozhets, Olga A.,Mykhailiuk, Pavel K.,Moroz, Yurii S.
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p. 616 - 624
(2016/10/21)
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- Novel potent HIF-1 inhibitors for the prevention of tumor metastasis: discovery and optimization of 3-aryl-5-indazole-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives
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Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the key transcription factor of cellular response to hypoxia and plays a critical role in tumor metastasis. We describe here the discovery and a structure-activity relationship study of a series of 3-aryl-5-indazole-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as novel HIF-1 inhibitors. The two most promising compounds 4g and 4h inhibit HIF-1 transcription with IC50 values of 0.62 and 0.55 μM in vitro, respectively, and they exhibit more efficient HIF-1 inhibition in xenograft tumors than YC-1, a potential anticancer drug targeting HIF-1. In addition, they also remarkably prevent the hypoxia-driven migration of SKOV3 cells in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Further investigation of the mechanism revealed that the two inhibitors could decrease HIF-1α and VEGF expression. These results suggest that our newly synthesized HIF-1 inhibitors 4g and 4h are potential therapeutic agents with which to treat tumor metastasis.
- Sheng, Rong,Li, Shan,Lin, Guanyu,Shangguan, Shihao,Gu, Yongchuan,Qiu, Ni,Cao, Ji,He, Qiaojun,Yang, Bo,Hu, Yongzhou
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p. 81817 - 81830
(2015/10/12)
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- Discovery, bioactivity and docking simulation of Vorinostat analogues containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors and antitumor agents
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Abstract In our study, three series of hydroxamate, 2-aminobenzamide, and trifluoromethyl ketone analogues have been designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were investigated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities using the MTT-based assay against three human cancer cell lines including A549, NCI-H661, and U937. Most analogues exhibited higher antiproliferative activities against human acute myeloid leukemia cell U937 than the other two human lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the compounds were examined against HDAC1, 2, and 8 isoforms. Docking study of compounds 6h, 9b, and 10a suggested that they might bind tightly to the binding pocket of HDAC2 and/or HDAC8. The results suggest that these compounds might have potential as lead compounds for the development of anti-tumor drugs with HDACs inhibitory activities.
- Cai, Jin,Wei, Hongtao,Hong, Kwon Ho,Wu, Xiaoqing,Zong, Xi,Cao, Meng,Wang, Peng,Li, Lushen,Sun, Chunlong,Chen, Bo,Zhou, Gaoxing,Chen, Junqing,Ji, Min
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p. 3457 - 3471
(2015/08/03)
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- Discovery and preliminary evaluation of 2-aminobenzamide and hydroxamate derivatives containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors
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Using Entinostat as a lead compound, 2-aminobenzamide and hydroxamate derivatives have been designed and synthesized. The entire target compounds were investigated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities using the MTT-based assay against five human cancer cell lines including U937, A549, NCI-H661, MDA-MB-231 and HCT116. 2-Aminobenzamide series of compounds (10a-10j) demonstrated the most significant inhibition against human acute monocytic myeloid leukemia cell line U937, but no or poor activities against two human lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the target compounds were screened for their inhibitory activities against HDAC 1, 2, and 8. 2-Aminobenzamide derivatives (10) manifested a higher selectivity for HDAC 1 over HDAC 2, but were not active against HDAC 8. In contrast, most hydroxamate derivatives (11) inhibit HDAC 8 with lower IC50 values than SAHA and Entinostat. Docking study with selected compounds 10f and 11a revealed that the compounds might bind tightly to the binding pockets in HDAC 2 and HDAC 8, respectively. The results suggest that they may be promising lead compounds for the development of novel anti-tumor drug potentially via inhibiting HDACs.
- Cai, Jin,Wei, Hongtao,Hong, Kwon Ho,Wu, Xiaoqing,Cao, Meng,Zong, Xi,Li, Lushen,Sun, Chunlong,Chen, Junqing,Ji, Min
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- Discovery of highly potent triazole antifungal agents with piperidine-oxadiazole side chains
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Due to increasing incidence and mortality of invasive fungal infections, discovery and development of new generations of antifungal agents represents a challenging task. On the basis of our previously reported triazole-benzyloxypiperidinyl lead compound, a series of novel triazole antifungal agents containing piperidine-oxadiazole side chains were rationally designed and synthesized. Most of the target compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity against clinically important fungal pathogens. In particular, compounds 6g (MIC = 0.031 μg mL-1) and 11b (MIC = 0.016 μg mL-1) were highly active against Candida albicans including fluconazole-resistant strains. Moreover, they showed inhibitory activity against hyphal formation with low toxicity, which were promising leads for further development. This journal is
- He, Xiaomeng,Jiang, Yan,Zhang, Yongqiang,Wu, Shanchao,Dong, Guoqiang,Liu, Na,Liu, Yang,Yao, Jianzhong,Miao, Zhenyuan,Wang, Yan,Zhang, Wannian,Sheng, Chunquan
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p. 653 - 664
(2015/04/27)
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- Microwave-assisted synthesis, molecular docking and antiproliferative activity of (3/5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5/3-yl)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone oxime derivatives
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A series of (3/5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5/3-yl)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone oxime derivatives were synthesized via a rapid and facile microwave-assisted synthesis method of building a 1,2,4-oxadiazole skeleton using mandelic acid as the starting material. Twenty-four target compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against three human cancer cell lines (SGC-7901, A549 and HT-1080). Among them, 16b exhibited the highest potency against different tumour cell lines, especially the A549 cell line (IC50 = 87 nM). Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that the aryl substituent at the C-5 position on the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring is superior to that at the C-3 position. An oxime as a connector can obviously increase the potency, contrary to that in SMART derivatives. Moreover, 16b significantly induced a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and caused microtubule destabilization. Molecular docking studies provided a theoretical binding mode of 16b at the colchicine site in the tubulin dimer. Our work laid the foundation for further structure-guided design of novel tubulin polymerization inhibitors.
- Guan, Qi,Feng, Dongjie,Bai, Zhaoshi,Cui, Yuanhang,Zuo, Daiying,Zhai, Min'An,Jiang, Xuewei,Zhou, Wenbo,Bao, Kai,Wu, Yingliang,Zhang, Weige
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supporting information
p. 1484 - 1493
(2015/08/18)
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- Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based deep-blue and blue color emitting polymers
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Two donor-acceptor-donor monomers such as 3,5-bis(4-bromophenyl)-1,2,4- oxadiazole (BOB) and 3,5-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (TOT) incorporating electron transporting and hole blocking 1,2,4-oxadiazloe moiety were copolymerized with light emitting fluorene derivative via Suzuki polycondensation toafford two new polymers, PFBOB and PFTOT, respectively. The optical studies for polymers PFBOB andPFTOT revealed that the band gaps are 3.10 eV and 2.72 eV, respectively, and polymer PFBOB exhibited a deep-blue emission while polymer PFTOT showed blue emission in chloroform and as thin film. The photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (Φf) of polymers PFBOB and PFTOT in chloroform calculated against highly blue emitting 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA, Φf = 0.90) were 1.00 and 0.44, respectively.
- Agneeswari, Rajalingam,Tamilavan, Vellaiappillai,Hyun, Myung Ho
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p. 513 - 517
(2014/03/21)
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- Design, synthesis and SAR of piperidyl-oxadiazoles as 11β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors
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The potential roles of 11β-HSD1 inhibitors in metabolic syndrome, T2D and obesity were well established and currently several classes of 11β-HSD1 inhibitors have been developed as promising agents against metabolic diseases. To find potent compounds with good pharmacokinetics, we used the bioisosterism approach, and designed the compound 2 and 3 bearing an 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring to replace the amide group in compound 1. Guided by docking study, we then transformed compound 3 into a potent lead compound 4a by changing sulfonamide group to amide. To elaborate this series of piperidyl-oxadiazole derivatives as human 11β-HSD1 inhibitors, we explored the structure-activity relationship of several parts of the lead compound. Based on their potency toward human 11β-HSD1 two compounds 4h and 4q were advanced to pharmacokinetic study. It was found that 4h and 4q are potent and selective human 11β-HSD1 inhibitors with better pharmacokinetic properties than those of the original piperidine-3-carboxamide compound 1, and suitable for further in vivo preclinical study in primate model.
- Xia, Guangxin,You, Xiaodi,Liu, Lin,Liu, Haiyan,Wang, Jianfa,Shi, Yufang,Li, Ping,Xiong, Bing,Liu, Xuejun,Shen, Jingkang
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- Ethionamide boosters: Synthesis, biological activity, and structure-activity relationships of a series of 1,2,4-oxadiazole EthR inhibitors
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We report in this article an extensive structure-activity relationships (SAR) study with 58 thiophen-2-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as inhibitors of EthR, a transcriptional regulator controling ethionamide bioactivation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We explored the replacement of two key fragments of the starting lead BDM31343. We investigated the potency of all analogues to boost subactive doses of ethionamide on a phenotypic assay involving M. tuberculosis infected macrophages and then ascertained the mode of action of the most active compounds using a functional target-based surface plasmon resonance assay. This process revealed that introduction of 4,4,4-trifluorobutyryl chain instead of cyanoacetyl group was crucial for intracellular activity. Replacement of 1,4-piperidyl by (R)-1,3-pyrrolidyl scaffold did not enhance activity but led to improved pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, the crystal structures of ligand-EthR complexes were consistent with the observed SAR. In conclusion, we identified EthR inhibitors that boost antibacterial activity of ethionamide with nanomolar potency while improving solubility and metabolic stability.
- Flipo, Marion,Desroses, Matthieu,Lecat-Guillet, Nathalie,Dirié, Bertrand,Carette, Xavier,Leroux, Florence,Piveteau, Catherine,Demirkaya, Fatma,Lens, Zoé,Rucktooa, Prakash,Villeret, Vincent,Christophe, Thierry,Jeon, Hee Kyoung,Locht, Camille,Brodin, Priscille,Déprez, Benoit,Baulard, Alain R.,Willand, Nicolas
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experimental part
p. 2994 - 3010
(2011/06/25)
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- COMPOUNDS HAVING A POTENTIATING EFFECT ON THE ACTIVITY OF ETHIONAMIDE AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to the use of compounds with a potentiating effect on the activity of antibiotics that are activatable via the EthA enzymatic pathway, for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating mycobacterial infections such as tuberculosis and leprosy, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them in combination with an antibiotic that is activatable via the EthA pathway, to compounds having a potentiating effect on the activity of antibiotics that are activatable via the EthA enzymatic pathway, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to their use as medicaments, especially medicaments for preventing and/or treating mycobacterial infections such as tuberculosis and leprosy.
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Page/Page column 21-22
(2011/06/24)
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- From dihydroxypyrimidine carboxylic acids to carboxamide HIV-1 integrase inhibitors: SAR around the amide moiety
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4,5-Dihyroxypyrimidine carboxamides, which evolved from a related series of HCV NS5b polymerase inhibitors, have been optimized to provide selective HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Extensive SAR around the benzylamide moiety led to the identification of the p-fluorobenzylamide as optimal in the enzymatic assay.
- Petrocchi, Alessia,Koch, Uwe,Matassa, Victor G.,Pacini, Barbara,Stillmock, Kara A.,Summa, Vincenzo
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p. 350 - 353
(2007/10/03)
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- Dihydroxypyrimidine-4-carboxamides as novel potent and selective HIV integrase inhibitors
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Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase, one of the three constitutive viral enzymes required for replication, is a rational target for chemotherapeutic intervention in the treatment of AIDS that has also recently been confirmed in the clinical setting. We report here on the design and synthesis of N-benzyl-5,6-dihydroxypyrimidine-4-carboxamides as a class of agents which exhibits potent inhibition of the HIV-integrase-catalyzed strand transfer process. In the current study, structural modifications on these molecules were made in order to examine effects on HIV-integrase inhibitory potencies. One of the most interesting compounds for this series is 2-[1-(dimethylamino)-1-methylethyl]-N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-5,6-dihydroxypyrimidine- 4-carboxamide 38, with a CIC95 of 78 nM in the cell-based assay in the presence of serum proteins. The compound has favorable pharmacokinetic properties in preclinical species (rats, dogs, and monkeys) and shows no liabilities in several counterscreening assays, highlighting its potential as a clinically useful antiviral agent.
- Pace, Paola,Di Francesco, M. Emilia,Gardelli, Cristina,Harper, Steven,Muraglia, Ester,Nizi, Emanuela,Orvieto, Federica,Petrocchi, Alessia,Poma, Marco,Rowley, Michael,Scarpelli, Rita,Laufer, Ralph,Paz, Odalys Gonzalez,Monteagudo, Edith,Bonelli, Fabio,Hazuda, Daria,Stillmock, Kara A.,Summa, Vincenzo
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p. 2225 - 2239
(2007/10/03)
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- PHENOXYACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND DRUGS USING THE SAME
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It is intended to provide a novel compound having an excellent agonism to PPARs α/γ and desirable properties as a drug. An agonist to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α/γ which is represented by the general formula (I) (wherein Q represents an optionally substituted benzene ring or pyridine ring; R1 and R2 represent each an optionally substituted phenyl group or a 5- to 6-membered aromatic heterocycle group; X, Y and Z independently represent each C, O, S or N; R3 to R9 represent each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, etc.; and n is an integer of from 0 to 3.
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Page/Page column 47-48
(2010/11/26)
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- 2-(2-Thienyl)-5,6-dihydroxy-4-carboxypyrimidines as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase: Discovery, SAR, modeling, and mutagenesis
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Infections caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) are a significant world health problem for which novel therapies are in urgent demand. The polymerase of HCV is responsible for the replication of viral RNA. We recently disclosed dihydroxypyrimidine carboxylates 2 as novel, reversible inhibitors of the HCV NS5B polymerase. This series was further developed into 5,6-dihydroxy-2-(2- thienyl)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acids such as 34 (EC50 9.3 μM), which now show activity in the cell-based HCV replication assay. The structure-activity relationship of these inhibitors is discussed in the context of their physicochemical properties and of the polymerase crystal structure. We also report the results of mutagenesis experiments which support the proposed binding model, which involves pyrophosphate-like chelation of the active site Mg ions.
- Koch, Uwe,Attenni, Barbara,Malancona, Savina,Colarusso, Stefania,Conte, Immacolata,Di Filippo, Marcello,Harper, Steven,Pacini, Barbara,Giomini, Claudia,Thomas, Steven,Incitti, Ilario,Tomei, Licia,De Francesco, Raffaele,Altamura, Sergio,Matassa, Victor G.,Narjes, Frank
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p. 1693 - 1705
(2007/10/03)
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- 3,5-Disubstituted-[1,2,4]-oxadiazoles and analogs as activators of caspases and inducers of apoptosis and the use thereof
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Disclosed are 3,5-disubstituted-[1,2,4]-oxadiazoles and analogs thereof, represented by the Formula I: wherein Ar1, R2, A, B and D are defined herein. The present invention relates to the discovery that compounds having Formula I are activators of caspases and inducers of apoptosis. Therefore, the activators of caspases and inducers of apoptosis of this invention may be used to induce cell death in a variety of clinical conditions in which uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells occurs.
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- NEW COMPOUNDS
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The present invention relates to new compounds of formula I, wherein P Q X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 R R1 R2 R3 R4R5 G M1 M2 M3 m and n are defined as in formula I, a process for their preparation and new intermediates prepared therein, pharmaceutical formulations containing said compounds and to the use of said compounds in therapy.
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