- A Practical and Efficient Conversion of Luteolin into Luteoloside
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A new practical and efficient preparation of the flavonoid luteoloside is reported in an excellent overall yield of 40% via a four-step synthetic approach.
- Allegrini, Pietro,Ballini, Roberto,Bassetti, Benedetta,Ciceri, Daniele,Palmieri, Alessandro
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p. 4075 - 4078
(2021/11/01)
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- Absorption and Metabolism of Luteolin in Rats and Humans in Relation to in Vitro Anti-inflammatory Effects
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Luteolin is a flavonoid present in plants in the form of aglycone or glucosides. In this study, luteolin glucosides (i.e., luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-[2-(β-d-apiosyl)-β-d-glucoside], and luteolin-7-O-[2-(β-d-apiosyl)-6-malonyl-β-d-glucoside]) prepared from green pepper leaves as well as luteolin aglycone were orally administered to rats. Regardless of the administered luteolin form, luteolin glucuronides were mainly detected from plasma and organs. Subsequently, luteolin aglycone, the most absorbed form of luteolin in rats, was orally administered to humans. As a result, luteolin-3′-O-sulfate was mainly identified from plasma, suggesting that not only luteolin form but also animal species affect the absorption and metabolism of luteolin. When LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells were treated with luteolin glucuronides and luteolin sulfate (the characteristic metabolites identified from rats and humans, respectively), the different luteolin conjugates were metabolized in different ways, suggesting that such difference in metabolism results in their difference in anti-inflammatory effects.
- Hayasaka, Natsumi,Shimizu, Naoki,Komoda, Toshikazu,Mohri, Satoshi,Tsushida, Tojiro,Eitsuka, Takahiro,Miyazawa, Teruo,Nakagawa, Kiyotaka
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p. 11320 - 11329
(2018/11/20)
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- Flavonoids and phenolic acids of Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora (Becker) Balb. (Lamiaceae)
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Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, luteolin 7-O-glucurono-(1→6)-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-glucuronide as well as free aglycones luteolin and apigenin have been isolated from lemon catnip herb (Nepeta cataria L. var. citriodora). Luteolin 7-O-glucurono-(1→6)-glucoside is probably a new compound, for the first time described. Two minor constituents of flavonoid fraction have been identified as apigenin 7-O-glucoside and luteolin 7-O-glucoside by means of HPLC method. The percentage of total flavonoids determined by use of spectrophotometric method was in the range from 0.30 to 0.46% of dry mass. In phenolic acid fraction, caffeic, rosmarinic and p-coumaric acids have been identified. Total amount of phenolic acids determined by spectrophotometric method was in the range of 0.75% to 1.4 % and the content of rosmarinic acid quantified by HPLC method fluctuated in the wide range from 0.06% to 0.15% depending on the sample. The results of the investigations showed that the composition of flavonoid compounds and phenolic acids in lemon catnip are similar to those in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). The amount of flavonoids are similar in both plants, and the percentage of rosmarinic acid is about ten times lower in lemon catnip than in lemon balm. The presence of luteolin, apigenin and their glycosides, caffeic acid as well as the previously described terpenoids (ursolic acid, citral, nerol, geraniol) suggests the possibility of the use of lemon catnip herb as a constituent of phytopharmaceutical preparations with mild sedative, antispasmodic, antioxidative and antiinflammatory action.
- Modnicki, Daniel,Tokar, Magdalena,Klimek, Barbara
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p. 247 - 252
(2008/09/19)
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