- Dispersant for wax crystals and asphaltene in high-wax-content heavy oil, and preparation method thereof
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The invention relates to a small-molecule compound which can assist in the dispersion of wax crystals and asphalt and is applicable to heavy oil recovery, specifically to a dispersant for wax crystals and asphaltene in high-wax-content heavy oil, and a preparation method thereof. The dispersant is prepared by reacting fluorene with nitric acid to produce nitrofluorene, then subjecting nitrofluorene and n-alkyl bromide to a nucleophilic reaction to prepare an intermediate, and finally reacting the intermediate with hydrazine hydrate. The dispersant for wax crystals and asphaltene in high-wax-content heavy oil has the advantages that raw materials are widely available, synthesis process is simple, clean and pollution-free, and the produced dispersant is easy to obtain, transport and store; the dispersant has good temperature resistance and high yield, wherein the dispersant can resist a temperature of 250 DEG C or above, and the yield of the dispersant is greater than 95%; and when the usage amount of the dispersant is 200 ppm, the freezing point of high-wax-content heavy oil can be reduced by 10 DEG G or more and the viscosity of high-wax-content heavy oil can be reduced by 90% or more. Thus, the dispersant of the invention can be widely applied to on-site freezing point reduction and viscosity reduction tests of high-wax-content heavy oil.
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Paragraph 0024-0025; 0029; 0030-0035; 0036-0041; 0042-0047
(2019/10/04)
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- Synthesis of Alkylated Aminofluorenes by Palladium-Catalyzed Substitution at Halofluorenes
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New N-substituted 2-amino-9,9-dialkylfluorenes optionally bearing electron-withdrawing substituents such as nitro or cyano in position 7 can be synthesized starting from 2-halo-9,9-dialkylfluorenes by Pd-catalyzed substitution with amines. Chiral amino groups can be introduced by this method too. 2-N,N-Dimethylamino-7-nitro-9H-fluorene was obtained in a convenient way by reductive amination. The N-substituted 2-amino-7-nitro-9H-fluorenes are promising candidates for fluorescence probes for femtosecond solvation dynamics.
- Saroja, Ginagunta,Pingzhu, Zhang,Ernsting, Nikolaus P.,Liebscher, Juergen
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p. 987 - 990
(2007/10/03)
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