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Bistriazole benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b′]dithiophene (BDT) contained bolaamphiphiles have been synthesized via Sonogashira coupling and click reactions as key steps. For such compounds, the central bent bistriazole BDT core, the flexible methylene spacer led the rodlike core together with the terminal diol groups to twist to be U-shaped polar region. Micro-segregation of U-shaped polar region from the lipophilic chains generated a SmA phase. Furthermore, these compounds can act as super organogelators to gel different kinds of solvents with the lowest critical gelation concentration (CGC) of 0.2 mg/ml. Gel morphologies with scarcely reported nanostructures including nanofibers, nanobelts, nanodisks, nanotrumpets and nanotubes were firstly observed in bolaamphiphilic self-assembly system.

Catalytic, enantioselective synthesis of stereogenic silicon compounds remains a challenge. Herein, we report a rhodium-catalyzed regio- and enantio-selective intermolecular hydrosilylation of alkene with prochiral dihydrosilane. This new method features a simple catalytic system, mild reaction conditions and a wide functional group tolerance.

A series of polysiloxane side chain liquid crystal polymers with strong polarity cyano substitution-terminated achiral side chains and cholesterol-terminated chiral side chains was successfully synthesized via thiol-ene click chemistry. 1H-NMR, FT-IR, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to confirm their chemical structures and thermal stabilities. Their phase transition behaviors and phase structures were systematically investigated by a combination of analysis methods such as differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and X-ray. Results revealed that attributing to the decisive role of the polarity interaction, all the polymers only developed a monolayer interdigitated SmA phase in which the period arrangement was determined by the cyano-terminated side chains, the increased content of cholesterol-terminated chiral side chains (Xchol) just expanded the distance between neighboring molecules within a layer.

A series of polysiloxane side chain liquid crystal polymers (PSCLCPs) with chiral and achiral substitutions in the side chains, denoted as PMMS-Xchol-n (n = 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 0.6, 0.7. 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0, respectively, the molar content of the chiral cholesteric unit (Xchol) in a specific polymer), were successfully synthesized via thiol-ene click chemistry. The molecular structures of the polymers were confirmed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Their liquid crystalline (LC) properties and self-assembling behaviors were investigated in detail by a combination of various techniques, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction. The results demonstrated that the phase transition behaviour and the self-assembly structure of the polymers were significantly influenced by Xchol and temperatures. With increased Xchol, the clearing points increased significantly, their mesogenic temperature ranges greatly widened, and abundant mesophases developed. Generally, two different types of LC phase structures and three different molecular arrangements were observed, depending on the two LC building blocks. Polymers with Xchol below 0.3 could self-assemble into a smectic E (SmE)-like structure and a single layer smectic A (SmAs) structure upon heating. When Xchol was between 0.4 and 0.7, a single phase structure of a SmAs or a bilayer smectic A (SmAd) could be observed. While for polymers with Xchol over 0.8, a SmAd phase structure was self-organized, further heating led to a SmAs structure. Moreover, when the molar ratio of the chiral group or achiral group was about 0.1, a microphase-separated smectic morphology could be found, indicating that the introduction of a small amount of any components in the copolymers might destroy the well-ordered structures.

A series of new organosiloxane liquid crystalline materials based on the 4-methoxyphenyl-4-(ù-alkenyloxy)benzoate as mesogenic units have been synthesized and their mesomorphic and physical properties have been characterized. A series of new disiloxanes and trisiloxanes contain 4-methoxyphenyl 4-(ù-alkenyloxy)benzoate as mesogenic these were synthesized by addition of 4-methoxyphenyl 4-(ù-alkenyloxy)benzoate moiety to pentamethylhydrodisiloxane or heptamethylhydrotrisiloxane catalyzed by platinum divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex. The thermal properties of this new series of thermotropic liquid-crystalline siloxanes were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscope. Disiloxane series compounds were not showed any liquid crystal phase. Trisiloxanes series compounds exhibited nematic liquid crystal phase. The siloxane molecule helped to reduce the melting temperature. The thermal properties of the new siloxane series exhibited a pronounced odd-even effect with the length of alkyl segment.

A series of new linear polysiloxane tetramers containing cholesterol and benzene methyl ether groups as side chains was successfully synthesized via a typical hydrosilylation reaction. Their chemical structures were confirmed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A combination of analysis methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction was carried out to systematically investigate their phase transition behaviours and phase structures. The results revealed that the mesophase structures of all the polymers were greatly dependent on the molar content of the chiral cholesteric unit (Xchol). Polymers with Xchol below 0.60 or over 0.70 could develop a stable cholesteric phase or smectic A phase, while both smectic A and cholesteric phases could be formed for polymers with Xchol between 0.60 and 0.70. Besides, polymers with Xchol below 0.60, which developed a cholesteric phase with sufficiently wide temperature ranges in the entire mesomorphic state (minimum over 50 °C and maximum over 130 °C), could also exhibit tunable selective reflection wavelengths between 470-560 nm upon heating and arbitrarily regulated glass transition temperatures between 0-40 °C. As a result, a thermochromism liquid crystalline material for temperature sensors was successfully obtained. Surprisingly, different from the results previously reported, an unusual phenomenon of the centre selective light reflection wavelength (λm) vs. Xchol, which decreased dramatically (blue shift) at first, then had a remarkable red shift with increasing Xchol, was first observed.

First examples of laterally connected bent-core dimesogens and liquid crystalline dimesogens involving bent-core units and rod-like units are reported. Four distinct types of dimesogens have been synthesized and investigated by polarizing microscopy (PM),

A series of novel side-chain cholesteric liquid-crystalline elastomers based on polysiloxane and cholesterol derivate monomer were prepared by adopting a crosslinking agent containing binaphthalene group. The chemical structures and mesomorphic properties of the monomers and elastomers were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, DSC and POM measurements. Worthily, the elastomers exhibited unusual temperature dependence of the helical twisting power (HTP) which is demonstrated resulting from coordination of the crosslinking agent and the mesogenic units. With increase in temperature, the HTP of elastomers containing small quantity of the crosslinking unit exhibited a turning point, while that of elastomers comprising much more crosslinking unit shifted straight. Furthermore, a single layer wide-band reflective film with non-uniform pitch distribution was prepared by utilizing the HTP variety of elastomers with change in temperature. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations, the mechanism of the broadband reflection was verified.

The eleven-membered macrolides and thirteen-membered ansa-bridged macrolides have been synthesized successfully ring-closing metathesis reaction in the absence of the additive Ti(OiPr)4, which is essential for the metathesis of the ester precursors.

Two novel ligands for cerebral cannabinoid receptor (CB1), 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-cyano-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(piperidin-1-yl) -1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (JHU75528) and 1-(2-bromophenyl)-4-cyano-5-(4- methoxyphenyl)-N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carb

3,5-Disubstituted isoxazolines with an aryloxymethyl group in position 5 have been synthesized. The [2+3] cycloaddition reaction of benzonitrile oxide to a 5-chlorosalicylic acid derivative containing two allyl groups occurs to give a compound with an oxa

The invention concerns a crosslinked optically active three-dimensional polymer network, consisting of homochiral units of a first selector and of homochiral units of at least a second selector of different structure from the first selector, the homochiral units of the first selector comprising at least three polymerisable or crosslinkable functional groups and the homochiral units of the second selector comprising at least two polymerisable or crosslinkable functional groups, the homochiral groups being chemically mutually bound. The invention also concerns a method for making such a polymer network and its uses.

5-[[[2′,5′-Bis[(4″-n-((perfluoroalkyl)alkoxy)benzoyl)oxy] benzyl]oxy]carbonyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enes with short fluorocarbon segments were polymerized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization in THF at room temperature using Mo(CHCMe2Ph)(N-2,6-iPr2Ph)(OtBu) 2 as the initiator. Although hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon segments as short as three methylenic units each induce smectic layering in the corresponding 2,5-bis{[4′-(n-(perfluoroalkyl)alkoxy)benzoyl]oxy}toluene model compounds, the polymers require at least eight and three, or five and four methylenic units in the hydcrocarbon and fluorocarbon segments, respectively, to organize into smectic layers; polymers with shorter hydrocarbon and/or fluorocarbon segments are nematic.

The present invention relates to novel 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran compounds containing benzyloxymethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, or other araliphatic substituents in their 8-position. These compounds show a leukotriene-antagonistic activity. The compounds are characterized by good oral adsorption. The compounds of the present invention may be used as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic medicaments, and in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts in which R1 is hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 is hydrogen; or R1 and R2 are joined together so that CR1 -CR2 is a double bond; X is selected from --CH2 CH2 --, --CH=CH--, --C C--, --CH2 O--, --CH2 NH--, --NHCH2 --, --CH2 CO--, --COCH2 --, --CH2 S-- and --SCH2 --; Ar1 is a phenylene moiety; Ar2 is a heteroaryl moiety; and wherein one or both of Ar1 and Ar2 may optionally bear one or more substituents independently selected from halogeno, hydroxy, amino, nitro, cyano, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, di-alkylamino, N-alkylcarbamoyl, di-N,N-alkylcarbamoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogeno-alkyl, carboxyalkyl and alkanoylamino; provided that when R1 is hydroxy, X is not selected from --NHCH2 -- and --SCH2 --; are inhibitors of squalene synthase and hence useful in treating medical conditions in which a lowering of cholesterol is beneficial, such as hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Processes for preparing these derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them are also described together with their use in medicine.

Quinuclidine derivatives of formula, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in which: R1 is hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 is hydrogen; pr R1 and R2 are joined together so that CR1 -CR2 is a