- QUINUCLIDINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS MUSCARINIC M3 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I) ; in salt or zwitterionic form wherein R 1, R2, R3 and R4 have the meanings as indicated in the specification, are useful for treating conditions that are mediated by the muscarinic M3 receptor, especially inflammatory or obstructive airways diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and a process for preparing the compounds are also described.
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Page/Page column 21
(2008/06/13)
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- Syntheses of Benzilic Acids through Electrochemical Reductive Carboxylation of Benzophenones in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide
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Reaction conditions for the electrochemical synthesis of benzilic acid (2a) under the atmosphere of carbon dioxide was investigated from the preparative points of view.The highest yield of 2a (86percent) was obtained under the following conditions; cathode: mercury, electricity passed: 2.3 F/mol, constant current density: 2.5 mA/cm2, benzophenone (1a) (8.2*10-3 mol), electrolyte(KI, 1.7*10-2 mol) in DNF (50 ml).This method and conditions were applied to the syntheses of twelve benzilic acids (2b-2m) and yielded acids in the range of 10-92percent.The yields were strongly depended on the electronic effect of substituents and benzilic acids were not obtained when the ring substituent was NO2, OH, or Br group.
- Ikeda, Yoshikazu,Manda, Eiichiro
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p. 1723 - 1726
(2007/10/02)
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