- Crystalline form information from multiwell plate salt screening by use of raman microscopy
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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to establish a useful methodology, possibly providing information on the stoichiometry of pharmaceutical drug salts obtained from salt screening by using a multiwell plate and a Raman microscope. Methods. Tamoxifen salt screening was conducted with monobasic and polybasic acids on 96-well quartz plates with a Raman microscope. Appearance and crystalline forms of salts prepared on 96-well plates were observed by polarizing light microscope and Raman microscope, respectively. Based on the results of the salt screening, tamoxifen citrate and fumarate salts were prepared on a large scale. The salts prepared were characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) and ion chromatography. Results. The results of the multiwell salt screening indicated that tamoxifen has a tendency toward the formation of mono salt as opposed to hemi salt with polybasic acid, and that most of tamoxifen salts gave several potential polymorphic forms. PXRD patterns of scaled-up tamoxifen citrate and fumarate salts suggested that the same crystalline form was obtained from the binary mixture regardless of molar ratios of 2:1 or 1:1 (tamoxifen/acid). The crystalline forms obtained were tamoxifen monocitrate and monofumarate salts as measured by ion chromatography. Conclusions. Salt screening on multiwell plates with a Raman microscope provided novel insight into the characteristics prediction of the stoichiometrical salts in addition to potential polymorph information. Based on the stoichiometrical information of salts, the amount of compound and time required for crystalline form selection of drug candidates would be significantly reduced.
- Kojima, Takashi,Onoue, Satomi,Murase, Noriaki,Katoh, Fumie,Mano, Takashi,Matsuda, Yoshihisa
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- A tamoxifen E isomer preparation method
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The invention provides a preparation method of a tamoxifen citrate E isomer, which comprises the following steps: 1) with an intermediate for preparing tamoxifen citrate and having a structural formula as shown in the formula I as a raw material, performing a dehydration reaction in an acid condition in a mixed solution of water and organic solvent at certain proportion to obtain a mixture of an intermediate 1 with a structural formula as shown in the formula II and an intermediate 2 with a structural formula as shown in the formula III; 2) in an organic solvent of certain amount, enabling the intermediate 1 and the intermediate 2 to react with citric acid or hydrate thereof, and cooling for crystallization to obtain a mixture of Z-tamoxifen citrate with a structural formula as shown in the formula IV and E-tamoxifen citrate with a structural formula as shown in the formula V; and 3) in the water and organic solvent at certain proportion, performing twice recrystallization of the mixture of Z-tamoxifen citrate and E-tamoxifen citrate. The method provided by the invention can be used for preparing a high-purity tamoxifen citrate E isomer, provides an impurity reference substance for the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, and solves the problem in E-isomer detection in a practical production process.
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Paragraph 0055-0059
(2017/03/08)
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- Method of treating nausea and vomiting with certain substituted-phenylalkylamino (and aminoacid) derivatives and other serotonin depleting agents
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A method for the treatment of emesis in a mammal, which method comprises administering to said mammal an emesis inhibiting amount of a compound which depletes serotonin in the brain of mammals; among which are compounds having the formula: STR1 wherein, R is selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, or loweralkoxycarbonyl; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or loweralkyl; Z is trifluoromethyl or halogen; the optical isomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; two of the preferred compounds of the invention are fenfluramine and norfenfluramine.
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