- SAR Studies on Aromatic Acylhydrazone-Based Inhibitors of Fungal Sphingolipid Synthesis as Next-Generation Antifungal Agents
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Recently, the fungal sphingolipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) synthesis has emerged as a highly promising new target for drug discovery of next-generation antifungal agents, and we found two aromatic acylhydrazones as effective inhibitors of GlcCer synthesis based on HTP screening. In the present work, we have designed libraries of new aromatic acylhydrazones, evaluated their antifungal activities (MIC80 and time-kill profile) against C. neoformans, and performed an extensive SAR study, which led to the identification of five promising lead compounds, exhibiting excellent fungicidal activities with very large selectivity index. Moreover, two compounds demonstrated broad spectrum antifungal activity against six other clinically relevant fungal strains. These five lead compounds were examined for their synergism/cooperativity with five clinical drugs against seven fungal strains, and very encouraging results were obtained; e.g., the combination of all five lead compounds with voriconazole exhibited either synergistic or additive effect to all seven fungal strains.
- Del Poeta, Maurizio,Haranahalli, Krupanandan,Lazzarini, Cristina,Mallamo, John,McCarthy, J. Brian,Ojima, Iwao,Pathiranage, Senuri,Sun, Yi,Zambito, Julia
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- Formation of substituted 1-naphthols and related products via dimerization of alkyl 3-(o-halo(het)aryl)-oxopropanoates based on a CuI-catalyzed domino C-arylation/condensation/aromatization process
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Substrates bearing both a β-ketoester moiety and a (het)aryl halide structure element were dimerized to 1-naphthols and related products in the presence of catalytic amounts of CuI in isopropanol. The reaction starts with an intermolecular C-arylation, which is followed by an intramolecular condensation. The final aromatization delivers the highly substituted products with yields up to 81%.
- Weischedel, Heike,Sudheendran, Kavitha,Mikhael, Alevtina,Conrad, Jürgen,Frey, Wolfgang,Beifuss, Uwe
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p. 3454 - 3467
(2016/06/06)
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- Facile preparation of 6-(Aminomethyl)isoindolin-1-one realizing complete reduction of double aromatic cyano groups
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6-(Aminomethyl)isoindolin-1-one is a key intermediate enroute to many investigational therapeutic agents. The need for it prompts a concise synthesis, which includes; (1) cyanation without using costly transition metal catalysts; (2) complete hydrogenation of the resulting dicyanide. This synthetic route emphasizes high atom-efficiency and simple operation. 5-(Aminomethyl)isoindolin-1-one, a structural analogue, is synthesized via this route as well.
- Bi, Lei,Fu, Chenchao,Yao, Lei
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p. 6655 - 6657
(2015/02/19)
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- Iodine-mediated solvent-controlled selective electrophilic cyclization and oxidative esterification of o-alkynyl aldehydes: An easy access to pyranoquinolines, pyranoquinolinones, and isocumarins
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Chemoselective behavior of iodine in different solvents in the electrophilic iodocyclization of o-alkynyl aldehydes is described. o-Alkynyl aldehydes 3a-t on reaction with I2 in CH2Cl2 with appropriate nucleophiles provides pyrano[4,3-b]quinolines 4a-f, via formation of cyclic iodonium intermediate Q; however, using alcohols as a solvent as well as nucleophile, o-alkynyl esters 5a-y were obtained selectively in good to excellent yields via formation of hypoiodide intermediate R. Subsequently, o-alkynyl esters were converted in to pyranoquinolinones 6a-i and isocoumarin 6j by electrophilic iodocyclization. This developed oxidative esterification provides a novel access for the chemoselective synthesis of esters 5q-u from aldehydes 3n-p without oxidizing primary alcohol present in the substrate.
- Verma, Akhilesh K.,Rustagi, Vineeta,Aggarwal, Trapti,Singh, Amit P.
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experimental part
p. 7691 - 7703
(2010/12/29)
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