- Synthesis and evaluation of fatty acid amides on the N-oleoylethanolamide-like activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α
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A series of fatty acid amides were synthesized and their peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) agonistic activities were evaluated in a normal rat liver cell line, clone 9. The mRNAs of the PPAR-α downstream genes, carnitine-palmitoyltransferase-1 and mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase, were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as PPAR-α agonistic activities. We prepared nine oleic acid amides. Their PPAR-α agonistic activities were, in decreasing order, N-oleoylhistamine (OLHA), N-oleoylglycine, Oleamide, N-oleoyltyramine, N-oleoylsertonin, and Olvanil. The highest activity was found with OLHA. We prepared and evaluated nine N-acylhistamines (N-acyl-HAs). Of these, OLHA, C16:0-HA, and C18:1Δ9-trans-HA showed similar activity. Activity due to the different chain length of the saturated fatty acid peaked at C16:0-HA. The PPAR-α antagonist, GW6471, inhibited the induction of the PPAR-α downstream genes by OLHA and N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA). These data suggest that N-acyl-HAs could be considered new PPAR-α agonists.
- Takao, Koichi,Noguchi, Kaori,Hashimoto, Yosuke,Shirahata, Akira,Sugita, Yoshiaki
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p. 278 - 285
(2015/04/22)
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- The SAR analysis of TRPV1 agonists with the α-methylated B-region
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A series of TRPV1 agonists with amide, reverse amide, and thiourea groups in the B-region and their corresponding α-methylated analogues were investigated. Whereas the α-methylation of the amide B-region enhanced the binding affinities and potencies as agonists, that of the reverse amide and thiourea led to a reduction in receptor affinity. The analysis indicated that proper hydrogen bonding as well as steric effects in the B-region are critical for receptor binding.
- Cho, Yongsung,Kim, Myeong Seop,Kim, Ho Shin,Ann, Jihyae,Lee, Jeewoo,Lee, Jiyoun,Pearce, Larry V.,Pavlyukovets, Vladimir A.,Morgan, Matthew A.,Blumberg, Peter M.
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scheme or table
p. 5227 - 5231
(2012/09/07)
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- Evaluation of endogenous fatty acid amides and their synthetic analogues as potential anti-inflammatory leads
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A series of endogenous fatty acid amides and their analogues (1-78) were prepared, and their inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells were evaluated. Their inhibitory activity on the pro-inflammatory chemokine MDC in IFN-γ-activated HaCaT cells was also examined. The results showed that the activity is strongly dependent on the nature of the fatty acid part of the molecules. As expected, the amides derived from enone fatty acids showed significant activity and were more active than those derived from other types of fatty acids. A variation of the amine headgroup also altered bioactivity profile remarkably, possibly by modulating cell permeability. Regarding the amine part of the molecules, N-acyl dopamines exhibited the most potent activity (IC50 ～2 μM). This is the first report of the inhibitory activity of endogenous fatty acid amides and their analogues on the production of nitric oxide, cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and the chemokine MDC. This study suggests that the enone fatty acid-derived amides (such as N-acyl ethanolamines and N-acyl amino acids) and N-acyl dopamines may be potential anti-inflammatory leads.
- Dang, Hung The,Kang, Gyeoung Jin,Yoo, Eun Sook,Hong, Jongki,Choi, Jae Sue,Kim, Hyung Sik,Chung, Hae Young,Jung, Jee H.
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experimental part
p. 1520 - 1527
(2011/03/23)
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- Highly efficient synthesis of capsaicin analogues by condensation of vanillylamine and acyl chlorides in a biphase H2O/CHCl3 system
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Highly efficient synthesis of capsaicin analogues was developed using condensation of vanillylamine with acyl chlorides in a biphase H2O/CHCl3 system under mild conditions. For C4-C18 aliphatic or aromatic acyl chlorides, the yields were up to 93-96% with high purity after a simple work-up procedure, and only 1-1.16 equiv of acyl chloride was needed in the reaction.
- Wang, Bo,Yang, Fan,Shan, Yi-Fan,Qiu, Wen-Wei,Tang, Jie
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5409 - 5412
(2009/10/17)
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- Lipophilicity of capsaicinoids and capsinoids influences the multiple activation process of rat TRPV1
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Analogs of capsaicin, such as capsaicinoids and capsinoids, activate a cation channel, transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid subfamily 1 (TRPV1), and then increase the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Th
- Morita, Akihito,Iwasaki, Yusaku,Kobata, Kenji,Iida, Tohko,Higashi, Tomohiro,Oda, Kyoko,Suzuki, Asami,Narukawa, Masataka,Sasakuma, Shiho,Yokogoshi, Hidehiko,Yazawa, Susumu,Tominaga, Makoto,Watanabe, Tatsuo
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p. 2303 - 2310
(2007/10/03)
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- Anti-tumor pharmaceutical composition comprising N-vanillyl fatty acid amide
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The present invention provides an anti-tumor pharmaceutical composition having a high anti-tumor effect with low side-effects. The anti-tumor pharmaceutical composition comprises a N-vanillyl fatty acid amide of formula (1): wherein —CO—R group represents
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Page/Page column 4
(2008/06/13)
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- N-acylvanillamides: Development of an expeditious synthesis and discovery of new acyl templates for powerful activation of the vanilloid receptor
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A simple and general synthesis of vanillamides was developed and employed to screen acids from the fatty and isoprenoid pools for new acyl templates of biological relevance as capsaicin analogues. Potent activation of the human vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) was observed for the vanillamides of certain polyfunctional acids from both pools, showing that the vanilloid activity of capsaicinoids can be substantially improved by introducing polar groups and/or unsaturations on the acyl moiety. The activity of the unsaturated analogues was maintained or even increased by cyclopropanation, while ω dimerization led to a substantial increase of activity. Because of the wide structural diversity of the library of compounds screened, these observations could not be translated into a single framework of structure-activity relationships. Nevertheless, a series of new highly active leads was identified, validating the pharmacological potential of the unnatural combination of natural building blocks to provide new bioactive compounds.
- Appendino, Giovanni,Minassi, Alberto,Morello, Aniello Schiano,De Petrocellis, Luciano,Di Marzo, Vincenzo
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p. 3739 - 3745
(2007/10/03)
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- Enzymatic synthesis of capsaicin analogs with liver acetone powder
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The enzymatic synthesis of capsaicin analogs with saturated or unsaturated acyl moieties has been achieved by using liver acetone powder as a catalyst.
- Kobata, Kenji,Yoshikawa, Koichi,Kohashi, Masahiro,Watanabe, Tatsuo
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p. 2789 - 2790
(2007/10/03)
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- Vanilloids. 1. Analogs of Capsaicin with Antinociceptive and Antiinflammatory Activity
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As part of a program to establish structure-activity relationships for vanilloids, analogs of the pungent principle capsaicin, the alkyl chain portion the parent structure (and related compounds derived from homovanillic acid) was varied.In antinociceptive and antiinflammatory assays (rat and mouse hot plate and croton oil-inflamed mouse ear), compounds with widely varying alkyl chain structures were active.Short-chain compounds were active by systemic administration in the assays mentioned above but they retained the high pungency and acute toxicity characteristic of capsaicin.In contrast, the long chain cis-unsaturates, NE-19550 (vanillyloleamide) and NE-28345 (oleylhomovanillamide), were orally active, less pungent, and less acutely toxic than capsaicin.The potential of these compounds as antiinflammatory/analgesic agents is discussed in light of recent data on the mechanism of action of vanilloids on sensory nerve fibers.
- Janusz, John M.,Buckwalter, Brian L.,Young, Patricia A.,LaHann, Thomas R.,Farmer, Ralph W.,et al.
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p. 2595 - 2604
(2007/10/02)
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