- STORAGE-STABLE FORM OF 3-METHYLTHIOPROPIONALDEHYDE
-
A chemical compound of formula (I), and specific compositions including 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde, 3-methylthiopropane-1,1-diol, a compound of formula I and water, and processes for producing same and also the use of same may be used for the production of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyronitrile, methionine hydantoin, methionine. Protected forms may be used for the storage and/or transport of 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde.
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Paragraph 0058-0059
(2021/11/13)
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHIONINE
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An object of the present invention to provide a method for producing methionine with consideration given to the environment. The production method of the present invention comprises a removal step of blowing an inert gas into a liquid containing 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin and thereby diffusing ammonia remaining in the liquid to obtain an emission gas containing the ammonia, and a recovery step of bringing the emission gas into contact with a washing liquid to recover ammonia contained in the emission gas.
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Paragraph 0100-0105
(2021/03/13)
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- METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING METHIONINE
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An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing methionine capable of achieving an improvement in ammonia removal efficiency. The manufacturing method of the present invention comprises a removal step of supplying a liquid containing a methionine salt, which is obtained by reacting 3-methylmercaptopropionaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid, or a compound obtained by reacting 3-methylmercaptopropionaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid, with carbon dioxide and ammonia to obtain a liquid containing 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin and then hydrolyzing the 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin, to a diffusion tower from an upper portion thereof while supplying a stripping gas to the diffusion tower from a lower portion thereof to remove ammonia contained in the liquid through stripping, and the stripping gas contains a process gas generated in a process of manufacturing methionine.
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Paragraph 0080
(2021/04/02)
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- Highly Stable Zr(IV)-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Chiral Separation in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography
-
Separation of racemic mixtures is of great importance and interest in chemistry and pharmacology. Porous materials including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely explored as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in chiral resolution. However, it remains a challenge to develop new CSPs for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), which is the most popular chromatographic mode and accounts for over 90% of all separations. Here we demonstrated for the first time that highly stable Zr-based MOFs can be efficient CSPs for RP-HPLC. By elaborately designing and synthesizing three tetracarboxylate ligands of enantiopure 1,1′-biphenyl-20-crown-6, we prepared three chiral porous Zr(IV)-MOFs with the framework formula [Zr6O4(OH)8(H2O)4(L)2]. They share the same flu topological structure but channels of different sizes and display excellent tolerance to water, acid, and base. Chiral crown ether moieties are periodically aligned within the framework channels, allowing for stereoselective recognition of guest molecules via supramolecular interactions. Under acidic aqueous eluent conditions, the Zr-MOF-packed HPLC columns provide high resolution, selectivity, and durability for the separation of a variety of model racemates, including unprotected and protected amino acids and N-containing drugs, which are comparable to or even superior to several commercial chiral columns for HPLC separation. DFT calculations suggest that the Zr-MOF provides a confined microenvironment for chiral crown ethers that dictates the separation selectivity.
- Jiang, Hong,Yang, Kuiwei,Zhao, Xiangxiang,Zhang, Wenqiang,Liu, Yan,Jiang, Jianwen,Cui, Yong
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supporting information
p. 390 - 398
(2021/01/13)
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- Direct monitoring of biocatalytic deacetylation of amino acid substrates by1H NMR reveals fine details of substrate specificity
-
Amino acids are key synthetic building blocks that can be prepared in an enantiopure form by biocatalytic methods. We show that thel-selective ornithine deacetylase ArgE catalyses hydrolysis of a wide-range ofN-acyl-amino acid substrates. This activity was revealed by1H NMR spectroscopy that monitored the appearance of the well resolved signal of the acetate product. Furthermore, the assay was used to probe the subtle structural selectivity of the biocatalyst using a substrate that could adopt different rotameric conformations.
- De Cesare, Silvia,McKenna, Catherine A.,Mulholland, Nicholas,Murray, Lorna,Bella, Juraj,Campopiano, Dominic J.
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supporting information
p. 4904 - 4909
(2021/06/16)
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- Motobamide, an Antitrypanosomal Cyclic Peptide from a Leptolyngbya sp. Marine Cyanobacterium
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Motobamide (1), a new cyclic peptide containing a C-prenylated cyclotryptophan residue, was isolated from a marine Leptolyngbya sp. cyanobacterium. Its planar structure was established by spectroscopic and MS/MS analyses. The absolute configuration was elucidated based on a combination of chemical degradations, chiral-phase HPLC analyses, spectroscopic analyses, and computational chemistry. Motobamide (1) moderately inhibited the growth of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 2.3 μM). However, it exhibited a weaker cytotoxicity against normal human cells (IC50 55 μM).
- Iwasaki, Arihiro,Jeelani, Ghulam,Kurisawa, Naoaki,Matsubara, Teruhiko,Nozaki, Tomoyoshi,Sato, Toshinori,Suenaga, Kiyotake,Suzuki, Ryota,Takahashi, Hiroki
-
p. 1649 - 1655
(2021/05/29)
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- Process for producing L-methionine from methional
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A method is useful for the biocatalytic synthesis of proteinogenic L-amino acids, such as L-alanine, L-valine, L-methionine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine or L-phenylalanine from a respective aldehyde and carbon dioxide. In particular, the method is useful for the biocatalytic synthesis of L-methionine from 3-methylthio-propanal (“methional”) and carbon dioxide.
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Page/Page column 5; 8; 9
(2021/02/17)
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- SALT-FREE PRODUCTION OF METHIONINE FROM METHIONINE NITRILE
-
The invention refers to the use of a particulate catalyst containing 60.0 to 99.5 wt.% ZrO2 stabilised with an oxide of the element Hf and at least one oxide of the element M, wherein M = Ce, Si, Ti, or Y, for the hydrolysis reaction of methionine amide to methionine, wherein the median particle size x50 of the particulate catalyst is in the range of from 0.8 to 9.0 mm, preferably of from 1.0 to 7.0 mm. The invention also refers to a process for preparing methionine comprising a step of contacting a solution or suspension comprising methionine amide and water with said particulate catalyst to provide a reaction mixture comprising methionine and/or its ammonium salt from which methionine can be isolated.
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Page/Page column 15-23
(2020/08/22)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF METHIONINE
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The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of methionine comprising the step of contacting a solution or suspension comprising 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile and/or 2-amino- 4-(methylthio)butaneamide with water in the presence of a catalyst to give a methionine comprising mixture, wherein the catalyst comprises CeO2 comprising particles, wherein the CeO2 comprising particles have a BET surface area of from 175 to 300 +/- 10% m2/g measured according to DIN ISO 9277-5 (2003), a mean maximum Feret diameter xFmax, mean of from 3 +/- 10% to 40 +/- 10% nm and a mean minimum Feret diameter xFmin, mean of from 2 +/- 10% to 30 +/- 10% nm, both measured according to DIN ISO 9276-6 (2012).
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Page/Page column 19-21
(2020/12/30)
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- Safe and Effective Method of Treating Ulcerative Colitis with Anti-IL12/IL23 Antibody
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Described are methods and compositions for clinical proven safe and effective treatment of ulcerative colitis, particularly moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis in patients who have had an inadequate response to or are intolerant of a conventional or existing therapy by intravenous and/or subcutaneous administration of an anti-IL-12/IL-23p40 antibody.
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-
-
- METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHIONINE
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The present invention pertains to a method for producing methionine or salts or derivatives thereof from hydrogen cyanide (HCN), the method comprising a step of producing 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyronitrile (MMP-CN), or a crude product mixture comprising MMP-CN, by contacting a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) process gas mixture prepared according to the Andrussow process from methane, ammonia and oxygen, with 3-methylmercaptopropionaldehyde (MMP), wherein the HCN process gas mixture is obtained from the crude HCN process gas mixture by adjusting the amount of ammonia to between 20 % (v/v) and 60% (v/v) of the amount of the ammonia in the crude HCN process gas mixture.
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Page/Page column 18-19
(2020/07/07)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF D,L-METHIONINE
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The invention relates to a single cycle process for preparing D,L-methionine from an alkali methioninate solution obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin, in which the D,L-methionine is obtained by neutralizing the alkali methioninate solution with carbon dioxide at elevated temperature and subsequently crystallizing D,L-methionine in the presence of seed crystals.
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Page/Page column 8-16
(2021/01/22)
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- Mutations of key substrate binding residues of leishmanial peptidase T alter its functional and structural dynamics
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Background: M20 aminopeptidases, such as Peptidase T (PepT), are implicated in the hydrolysis of oligopeptides during the terminal stages of protein degradation pathway to maintain turnover. Therefore, specific inhibition of PepT bores well for the development of novel next-generation antileishmanials. This work describes the metal dependence, substrate preferences and inhibition of PepT, and demonstrates in detail the role of its two conserved substrate binding residues. Methods: PepT was purified and characterized using a scheme of peptide substrates and peptidomimetic inhibitors. Residues T364 and N378 were mutated and characterized with an array of biochemical, biophysical and structural biology methods. Results: PepT sequence carries conserved motifs typical of M20 peptidases and our work on its biochemistry shows that this cytosolic enzyme carries broad substrate specificity with best cleavage preference for peptides carrying alanine at the P1 position. Peptidomimetics amastatin and actinonin occupied S1 pocket by competing with the substrate for binding to active site and inhibited PepT potently, while arphamenine A and bestatin were less effective inhibitors. We further show that the mutation of conserved substrate binding residues (T364 and N378) to alanine affects structure, reduces substrate binding and alters the amidolytic activity of this dimeric enzyme. Conclusions: PepT preferentially hydrolyzes oligopeptides carrying alanine at P1 position and is potently inhibited by peptidomimetics. Reduced substrate binding after mutations was a key factor involved in amidolytic digressions. General significance: This study provides insights for further exploration of the druggability of PepT and highlights prospective applications of this enzyme along with its mutazyme T364A/N378A.
- Bhat, Saleem Yousuf,Qureshi, Insaf Ahmed
-
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING alpha-AMINO ACID
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The present invention relates to a method for producing a specified α-amino acid, the method including allowing a specified α-amino acid amide and water to react with each other in the presence of a zirconium compound which contains zirconium and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, nickel, copper, zinc, cesium, barium, hafnium, tantalum, cerium, and dysprosium.
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Paragraph 0150-0156
(2019/06/24)
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- Economic and high-efficiency methionine preparation method
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The invention provides an economic and high-efficiency methionine preparation method. The economic and high-efficiency methionine preparation method comprises the process of hydrolyzing of hydantoin intermediate, such as 5-(beta-methylthio-ethyl)hydantoin, and comprises the following specific steps of (1) mixing the hydantoin intermediate and a small amount of alkaline, sending into a reactor in phase I, and performing loop-open hydrolyzing reaction under the conditions of constant-power low-frequency ultrasonic wave and certain temperature; (2) continuously treating the liquid material in step (1) in a reactor in phase II, thoroughly hydrolyzing under the conditions of power same with the power in step (1) and higher-frequency ultrasonic wave and lower-temperature atmosphere, so as to obtain a saponification liquid of methionine; acidifying, so as to obtain the methionine. The economic and high-efficiency methionine preparation method has the advantages that the hydrolysis reaction efficiency of the hydantoin intermediate in the preparation process of the methionine is improved, and the reaction time is shortened by one time; the reaction temperature is greatly reduced, the hydrolysis yield rate is increased while the generation of side effect is reduced, and the requirement on the material of the reactor is lower.
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Paragraph 0026-0039
(2019/02/04)
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- Ultrasound-Controlled Chiral Separation of Four Amino Acids and 2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol
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Chiral separation of 4-hydroxyphenylglycine, phenylglycine, tryptophan, methionine, and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol (TFAE) was performed under ultrasound reduction at room temperature and high temperature (50 °C). At high temperature (50 °C), both α and Rs were improved slightly under ultrasound reduction as compared to those under non-ultrasonic and ultrasonic irradiation (50 watt/L) conditions. Even at low temperatures, the largest α was observed under ultrasound reduction conditions, except in the case of methionine. However, at low temperature, Rs was reduced under ultrasound (50 watt/L) irradiation, but was improved under ultrasound reduction rather than under the continuous ultrasonic irradiation. Similar to the fact that gradient elution (based on solvent polarity) can improve α, ultrasound reduction can improve α and Rs. Ultrasound reduction is demonstrated to aid the rapid separation of chiral compounds with improved resolution, especially, at high temperatures. Although chromatographic separation using ultrasound has been rarely dealt with until now, ultrasound can be used as an external field in chromatography.
- Lee, Jae Hwan,Ryoo, Jae Jeong
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p. 146 - 149
(2019/02/07)
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- Light-Driven Kinetic Resolution of α-Functionalized Carboxylic Acids Enabled by an Engineered Fatty Acid Photodecarboxylase
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Chiral α-functionalized carboxylic acids are valuable precursors for a variety of medicines and natural products. Herein, we described an engineered fatty acid photodecarboxylase (CvFAP)-catalyzed kinetic resolution of α-amino acids and α-hydroxy acids, which provides the unreacted R-configured substrates with high yields and excellent stereoselectivity (ee up to 99 %). This efficient light-driven process requires neither NADPH recycling nor prior preparation of esters, which were required in previous biocatalytic approaches. The structure-guided engineering strategy is based on the scanning of large amino acids at hotspots to narrow the substrate binding tunnel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of asymmetric catalysis by an engineered CvFAP.
- Xu, Jian,Hu, Yujing,Fan, Jiajie,Arkin, Mamatjan,Li, Danyang,Peng, Yongzhen,Xu, Weihua,Lin, Xianfu,Wu, Qi
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supporting information
p. 8474 - 8478
(2019/05/24)
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHIONINE AND/OR 2-HYDROXY-4-(METHYLTHIO) BUTANOIC ACID
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An object of the invention is to provide a simple method for producing methionine and/or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid at a high yield using 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde as a raw material. An oxide catalyst containing cerium, 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde, a compound containing cyanide ion, ammonia or a compound containing ammonium ion, and water are contacted with each other to produce methionine and/or 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.
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Paragraph 0051; 0052; 0055
(2019/03/30)
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- Preparation and purification method of amino acid compound
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The invention relates to the field of industrial organic synthesis, in particular to a preparation and purification method of an amino acid compound. The method comprises the following steps that (1)alpha-amino nitrile compounds or hydantoin compounds or mixtures thereof are heated to react to obtain alpha-amino acid salt under the condition that volatile alkali and a suitable solvent exist; (2)after the alpha-amino acid salt obtained in step (1) is distilled, the alpha-amino acid salt is recrystallized in an organic solvent to obtain the alpha-amino acid compound. According to the method, reaction conditions are mild, materials can be recycled, and introduction of metal ions and use of ammonium carbonate salt are avoided, so that post-treatment is simple and no waste salt is generated.
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Paragraph 0052; 0053; 0054; 0055; 0056; 0057
(2018/06/21)
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- A α - amino acid compound synthesis and purification method
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The invention relates to a synthesis and purification method for an alpha-amino acid compound. The synthesis and purification method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) adding substituted alpha-amino nitrile or a substituted hydantoin-based compound into alkali M(OH)x or metal oxide MxO, adding water or an alcohol and water mixed solvent, and heating for reaction to obtain alpha-amino acid salt; (2) adding ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate or introducing carbon dioxide into the solution in the step (1), separating to obtain filter liquor and precipitates MxHyCO3, performing reduced pressure concentration on the filter liquor, and recrystallizing in an alcohol solvent to obtain the alpha-amino acid compound (I). The synthesis and purification method for the alpha-amino acid compound is simple, the yield and purity of the obtained alpha-amino acid compound are high; furthermore, recycling utilization and cleaning production of materials can be realized; the synthesis and purification method is especially suitable for synthesis of the alpha-amino acid compound with high water solubility.
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Paragraph 0061; 0062; 0080
(2018/05/16)
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- Structural and functional highlights of methionine aminopeptidase 2 from Leishmania donovani
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Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MAP2) is a principal regulator of apoptosis for Leishmania donovani and a potential candidate for the design and synthesis of novel antileishmanials. The LdMAP2 gene was cloned in pET28a(+)-SUMO vector, expressed in E. coli and then purified by chromatographic methods. It was found to be a monomer and required divalent metal ion for its activity against synthetic substrates with Co(II), Mg(II), Mn(II) and Ni(II) being the major activators. Moreover, Ca(II) showed the tightest binding with Km value of 124.7 ± 9.2 μM, while Co(II) proved most efficient for catalysis with kcat value of 128.1 ± 4 min?1. The naturally occurring aminopeptidase B inhibitor bestatin was found to be a potent inhibitor of LdMAP2 with a Ki value of 0.86 μM. Further, structural studies with circular dichroism (CD) showed an increase in the α-helical and β-sheet contents and a decrease in random coils in LdMAP2 upon interactions with both bestatin and fluorogenic substrates. Finally, structural studies pointed out key differences in the structure of LdMAP2 and HsMAP2 and their interactions with inhibitor bestatin, Ala-AMC, Leu-AMC and Met-AMC. The structural differences of two orthologs and different binding modes with bestatin can be crucial for the development of novel and specific inhibitor against leishmaniasis.
- Bhat, Saleem Yousuf,Dey, Arijit,Qureshi, Insaf A.
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p. 940 - 954
(2018/05/23)
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- METHOD FOR PREPARING METHIONINE
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The present invention relates to a method for preparing methionine or methionine salts. In particular, the invention describes the step of preparing 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyronitrile (MMP-CN) from 3-methylthiopropanal (MMP) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the presence of ammonia by bringing a gaseous mixture comprising HCN and ammonia into contact with MMP.
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Page/Page column 17; 18
(2018/07/29)
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- METHOD FOR MAKING METHIONINE
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The invention concerns a continuous process for manufacturing methionine by alkaline hydrolysis of methionine hydantoin in aqueous phase, removing NH3 and CO2 of the hydrolysis medium, and neutralizing the obtained methioninate salt, according to which, after removal of NH3 and CO2, the hydrolysis reaction medium is concentrated to precipitate Na2CO3, said Na2CO3 being separated then recycled for alkaline hydrolysis, the latter being carried out in the presence of NaOH and Na2CO3.
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Paragraph 0023
(2018/05/03)
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- The identification of inhibitory compounds of Rickettsia prowazekii methionine aminopeptidase for antibacterial applications
-
Methionine aminopeptidase (MetAP) is a dinuclear metalloprotease responsible for the cleavage of methionine initiator residues from nascent proteins. MetAP activity is necessary for bacterial proliferation and is therefore a projected novel antibacterial
- Helgren, Travis R.,Seven, Elif S.,Chen, Congling,Edwards, Thomas E.,Staker, Bart L.,Abendroth, Jan,Myler, Peter J.,Horn, James R.,Hagen, Timothy J.
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p. 1376 - 1380
(2018/04/11)
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- Method for environment-friendly clean production of D,L-methionine
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A method for environment-friendly clean production of D,L-methionine includes: performing alkaline hydrolysis of 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)-hydantoin to obtain carbonate-containing methionine alkali metal saponified solution; then feeding carbon dioxide, crystallizing, and separating to respectively obtain methionine and hydrocarbonate water solution of methionine; subjecting the hydrocarbonate water solution of methionine to chromatographic separation. The method has advantages that loss of D,L-methionine due to pyrolysis can be reduced, simplicity in operation, low cost and high utilization rate of raw materials are realized, high efficiency in acquisition of high-purity methionine crystals is achieved, the purity of the obtained methionine is up to 99.4%, the methionine recovery rate reaches 97%, and the desalinization rate reaches 98% or above. In addition, accumulation of a great quantity of impurities of methionine-containing potassium bicarbonate mother liquor and emission of the potassium bicarbonate mother liquor are avoided, discharge of saline wastewater is avoided, and accordingly environment friendliness and clean production are realized. In a whole process, potassium carbonate serving as a hydrolysis agent is recycled without loss, and replenishment of alkaline potassium compounds is avoided.
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Paragraph 0025; 0026; 0027; 0028; 0029; 0030; 0031-0045
(2017/03/28)
-
- Separation and purification method of D,L-methionine
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The invention provides a separation and purification method of D,L-methionine. The separation and purification method is realized through the following steps: hydrolyzing 5-(2-methylthio-ethyl)-hydantoin through an alkaline potassium compound to obtain a potassium methionine saponified solution containing potassium carbonate, introducing carbon dioxide into the saponified solution, crystalizing and separating to obtain methionine and a potassium bicarbonate water solution containing less methionine respectively, carrying out homogeneous membrane electroosmosis, heterogeneous membrane electroosmosis and the like on the potassium bicarbonate water solution respectively. By adopting the method provided by the invention, energy consumption needed by subsequent purification and concentration can be reduced and the operation is simple; the purity of the obtained methionine reaches up to 99.4 percent, the retention rate of the methionine reaches 98.8 percent, and the salt removing rate reaches 99.5 percent; the method can avoid a condition that the methionine is decomposed after being heated for a long time to generate malodorous gas; the method is low in cost, a condition that a lot of acidic and odorous wastewater is discharged is avoided, the method is green and environment-friendly, and the separated potassium bicarbonate can be completely circulated to the step of hydrolyzing the 5-(2-methylthioethyl)-hydantoin; fresh potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide does not need to be supplemented.
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Paragraph 0028; 0029; 0030; 0031; 0032; 0033; 0034-0043
(2017/04/03)
-
- Clean production method of methionine
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The present invention belongs to the technical field of organic compound production, separation and purification, and particularly relates to a clean production method of methionine. According to the method, 2-amino-4-methylthiobutyronitrile is subjected to hydrolysis by using calcium hydroxide and/or barium hydroxide to prepare methionine calcium/barium, the calcium/barium salt of the byproduct 2,2'-bis-(2-methylthioethyl)iminodiacetic acid is insoluble in water so as to easily separate and purify the methionine calcium/barium and the insoluble byproduct, then the methionine calcium/barium aqueous solution is neutralized by using carbon dioxide to produce the insoluble calcium carbonate/barium and other insoluble precipitates at a high temperature so as to achieve the methionine separation purpose, and the calcium carbonate/barium salt is subjected to calcination to decompose into the carbon dioxide and the oxides, wherein the carbon dioxide and the oxides can be recycled. Compared with the method in the prior art, the method of the present invention has characteristics of low methionine loss rate, high product purity, simple operation, low cost, no low-value inorganic salt production, no emission of a lot of acidic and odor wastewater, and green environmental protection.
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-
-
- METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHIONINE
-
A method for producing methionine involves contacting 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile with water in the presence of an oxide catalyst containing cerium. The 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile may be 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile, produced by contacting 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile with ammonia water or 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanenitrile, produced by contacting 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid and ammonia water.
- -
-
Paragraph 0038
(2017/10/10)
-
- Chromatographic Resolution of α-Amino Acids by (R)-(3,3'-Halogen Substituted-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 Stationary Phase in HPLC
-
Three new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high-performance liquid chromatography were prepared from R-(3,3'-halogen substituted-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 (halogen = Cl, Br and I). The experimental results showed that R-(3,3'-dibromo-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 (CSP-1) possesses more prominent enantioselectivity than the two other halogen-substituted crown ether derivatives. All twenty-one α-amino acids have different degrees of separation on R-(3,3'-dibromo-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6-based CSP-1 at room temperature. The enantioselectivity of CSP-1 is also better than those of some commercial R-(1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 derivatives. Both the separation factors (α) and the resolution (Rs) are better than those of commercial crown ether-based CSPs [CROWNPAK CR(+) from Daicel] under the same conditions for asparagine, threonine, proline, arginine, serine, histidine and valine, which cannot be separated by commercial CR(+). This study proves the commercial usefulness of the R-(3,3'-dibromo-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 chiral stationary phase.
- Wu, Peng,Wu, Yuping,Zhang, Junhui,Lu, Zhenyu,Zhang, Mei,Chen, Xuexian,Yuan, Liming
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p. 1037 - 1042
(2017/07/25)
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- UNSATURATED AMINO ACIDS
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There is provided a method of producing at least one unsaturated amino acid from at least one amino acid comprising at least two carbonyl groups, the method comprising (a) contacting a recombinant microbial cell with a medium comprising the amino acid comprising the carbonyl groups, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise -at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an enzyme (E) selected from the CYP152 10 peroxygenase family, and -at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of at least one NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (E2) and the corresponding mediator protein.
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Page/Page column 19
(2017/12/13)
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- Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride as a Mild and Versatile Reagent for Cleaving Boroxazolidones to Their Corresponding Free α-Amino Acids
-
Protection of α-amino acids with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) to give their corresponding boroxazolidones is highly attractive, as it concurrently masks both the amino and the carboxylic acid functionalities. However, the harsh methods required for deprotection of these boroxazolidones have limited their use. Herein, we report that tetrabutylammonium fluoride serves as a mild and versatile reagent that can be used to cleave boroxazolidones to their corresponding free α-amino acids. The reaction conditions were explored, including the use of various nucleophilic fluoride sources, solvents, and reaction temperatures. Nucleophilic fluoride sources comprising an ammonium cation proved superior to other countercations. The scope of the reaction was extended to the cleavage of B,B-diphenyl- and B,B-diethyl boroxazolidone complexes. Furthermore, a wide range of α-amino acid side-chain functionalities were shown to be compatible, including acids, esters, amides, thiols, thioethers, alkynes, phenols, basic heterocycles, and important biorelevant molecules such as glutathione, (S)-adenosyl-l-homocysteine, and l-biocytin.
- Poulie, Christian B. M.,Bunch, Lennart
-
supporting information
p. 1475 - 1478
(2017/04/01)
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- Deracemization and Stereoinversion of α-Amino Acids by l-Amino Acid Deaminase
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Enantiomerically pure α-amino acids are compounds of primary interest for the fine chemical, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical sectors. Amino acid oxidases are used for resolving d,l-amino acids in biocatalysis. We recently demonstrated that l-amino acid deaminase from Proteus myxofaciens (PmaLAAD) shows peculiar features for biotechnological applications, such as a high production level as soluble protein in Escherichia coli and a stable binding with the flavin cofactor. Since l-amino acid deaminases are membrane-bound enzymes, previous applications were mainly based on the use of cell-based methods. Now, taking advantage of the broad substrate specificity of PmaLAAD, a number of natural and synthetic l-amino acids were fully converted by the purified enzyme into the corresponding α-keto acids: the fastest conversion was obtained for 4-nitrophenylalanine. Analogously, starting from racemic solutions, the full resolution (ee >99%) was also achieved. Notably, d,l-1-naphthylalanine was resolved either into the d- or the l-enantiomer by using PmaLAAD or the d-amino acid oxidase variant having a glycine at position 213, respectively, and was fully deracemized when the two enzymes were used jointly. Moreover, the complete stereoinversion of l-4-nitrophenylalanine was achieved using PmaLAAD and a small molar excess of borane tert-butylamine complex. Taken together, recombinant PmaLAAD represents an l-specific amino acid deaminase suitable for producing the pure enantiomers of several natural and synthetic amino acids or the corresponding keto acids, compounds of biotechnological or pharmaceutical relevance. (Figure presented.).
- Rosini, Elena,Melis, Roberta,Molla, Gianluca,Tessaro, Davide,Pollegioni, Loredano
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p. 3773 - 3781
(2017/11/13)
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- Development of a multi-enzymatic desymmetrization and its application for the biosynthesis of L-norvaline from DL-norvaline
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Perindopril is an effective antihypertensive drug in strong demand used to treat hypertension. L-norvaline is a vital intermediate of Perindopril production mainly produced by chemical synthesis with low purity. We developed an environmentally friendly method to produce L-norvaline with high purity based on a desymmetrization process. D-Norvaline was oxidized to the corresponding keto acid by D-amino acid oxidase from the substrate DL-norvaline. Asymmetric hydrogenation of the keto acid to L-norvaline was carried out by leucine dehydrogenase with concomitant oxidation of NADH to NAD+. A NADH regeneration system was introduced by overexpressing a formate dehydrogenase. The unwanted H2O2by-product generated during D-norvaline oxidation was removed by adding catalase. A total of 54.09?g/L of L-norvaline was achieved, with an enantiomeric excess over 99% under optimal conditions, with a 96.7% conversion rate. Our desymmetrization method provides an environmental friendly strategy for the production of enantiomerically pure L-norvaline in the pharmaceutical industry.
- Qi, Yunlong,Yang, Taowei,Zhou, Junping,Zheng, Junxian,Xu, Meijuan,Zhang, Xian,Rao, Zhiming,Yang, Shang-Tian
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p. 104 - 109
(2017/03/23)
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- Purification, structural characterization and bioactivity evaluation of a novel proteoglycan produced by Corbicula fluminea
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A novel proteoglycan, named CFPS-11, was isolated from Corbicula fluminea, which is a food source of freshwater bivalve mollusk. CFPS-11 had an average molecular weight of 807.7 kDa and consisted of D-glucose and D-glucosamine in a molar ratio of 12.2:1.0. The protein moiety (~5%) of CFPS-11 was covalently bonded to the polysaccharide chain in O-linkage type through both serine and thereonine residues. The polysaccharide chain of CFPS-11 was composed of (1 → 4)-α-D-glucopyranosyl and (1 → 3,6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl residues, which branched at O-6. The branch chain consisted of (1 →)-α-D-glucopyranosyl and (1 →)-α-D-N-acetylglucosamine residues. CFPS-11 exhibited significant antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner and remarkable inhibition activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase by in vitro assays. These findings indicated that the CFPS-11 from C. fluminea has the potential for development as a health food ingredient.
- Yan, Jing-Kun,Wang, Yao-Yao,Qiu, Wen-Yi,Wu, Li-Xia,Ding, Zhi-Chao,Cai, Wu-Dan
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- A process for the preparation of L-methionine
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The invention aims to the field of chemical engineering, and relates to a method for preparing L-methionine. According to the method, acetylated saponification liquid is used as production raw material, acid is added into the raw material, the pH is adjusted to be acidic, after reduced pressure distillation, an organic solvent is used for treatment, so that a solution containing D,L-acetyl methionine is obtained, then the organic solvent is removed to obtain D,L-acetyl methionine crystals, and a resolution reaction is performed on the produced D,L-acetyl methionine crystals, so that the L-methionine is obtained; the technology does not need refined D,L-methionine, the soponification liquid for producing the D,L-methionine is used for performing an acetylated reaction, and therefore production cost is reduced; after the acetylation, water is evaporated to dryness, the organic solvent is used for desalting, the yield of the D,L-acetyl methionine reaches 97-99%, and the purity of the D,L-acetyl methionine reaches above 96%; the enzymolysis speed of the D,L-acetyl methionine is higher than that of a traditional method, the obtained L-methionine is good in crystal form and whiteness, the purity reaches above 99.5%, and the total yield of the L-methionine is improved to 78%; according to the technology, a circulation technology is integrated, the design is reasonable, and production cost is reduced.
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- Stereochemical Course of the Reaction Catalyzed by RimO, a Radical SAM Methylthiotransferase
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RimO is a member of the growing radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) superfamily of enzymes, which use a reduced [4Fe-4S] cluster to effect reductive cleavage of the 5′ C-S bond of SAM to form a 5′-deoxyadenosyl 5′-radical (5′-dA? intermediate. RimO uses this potent oxidant to catalyze the attachment of a methylthio group (-SCH3) to C3 of aspartate 89 of protein S12, one of 21 proteins that compose the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. However, the exact mechanism by which this transformation takes place has remained elusive. Herein, we describe the stereochemical course of the RimO reaction. Using peptide mimics of the S12 protein bearing deuterium at the 3 pro-R or 3 pro-S positions of the target aspartyl residue, we show that RimO from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt) catalyzes abstraction of the pro-S hydrogen atom, as evidenced by the transfer of deuterium into 5′-deoxyadenosine (5′-dAH). The observed kinetic isotope effect on H atom versus D atom abstraction is ~1.9, suggesting that this step is at least partially rate determining. We also demonstrate that Bt RimO can utilize the flavodoxin/flavodoxin oxidoreductase/NADPH reducing system from Escherichia coli as a source of requisite electrons. Use of this in vivo reducing system decreases, but does not eliminate, formation of 5′-dAH in excess of methylthiolated product.
- Landgraf, Bradley J.,Booker, Squire J.
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supporting information
p. 2889 - 2892
(2016/03/19)
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- Inexpensive high-purity D, method for the preparation of L-methionine
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The invention is directed at the field of chemical engineering and provides a cheap preparation method for high purity D,L-methionine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a hydrocyanic acid gas mixture by using an Andrussow process; fully reacting the hydrocyanic acid gas mixture with methylthiopropionaldehyde under the catalysis of base so as to prepare a 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyronityile system; reacting the 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyronityile system with ammonia under the conditions of heating and pressurization and carrying out pressure reduction and deamination so as to obtain 2-amino-4-methylthiobutyronityile; and subjecting 2-amino-4-methylthiobutyronityile to acidolysis with inorganic acid so as to obtain D,L-methionine. According to the invention, raw materials used in the method are cheap and easily available, the intermediate 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyronityile has stable properties, prepared 2-amino-4-methylthiobutyronityile has high yield and high purity, and D,L-methionine obtained after continued production has the advantages of high yield, high purity, great bulk density and low total production cost.
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Paragraph 0049; 0052
(2017/02/24)
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- A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of the Activity of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A in Cells
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Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is an enzyme involved in redox balance and signaling, and its aberrant activity is implicated in a number of diseases (for example, Alzheimer's disease and cancer). Since there is no simple small molecule tool to monitor MsrA activity in real time in vivo, we aimed at developing one. We have designed a BODIPY-based probe called (S)-Sulfox-1, which is equipped with a reactive sulfoxide moiety. Upon reduction with a model MsrA (E. coli), it exhibits a bathochromic shift in the fluorescence maximum. This feature was utilized for the real-time ratiometric fluorescent imaging of MsrA activity in E. coli cells. Significantly, our probe is capable of capturing natural variations of the enzyme activity in vivo.
- Makukhin, Nikolai,Tretyachenko, Vyacheslav,Moskovitz, Jackob,Mí?ek, Ji?í
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supporting information
p. 12727 - 12730
(2016/10/03)
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- A novel thyroglobulin-binding lectin from the brown alga Hizikia fusiformis and its antioxidant activities
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A lectin (HFL) was isolated from the brown alga, Hizikia fusiformis, through ion exchange on cellulose DE52 and HPLC with a TSK-gel G4000PWXL column. SDS-PAGE showed that HFL had a molecular mass of 16.1 kDa. The HPLC (with a TSK-gel G4000PWXL column) indicated that HFL is a tetramer in its native state. The total carbohydrate content was 41%. Glucose, galactose and fucose were the monosaccharide units of HFL, and the normalized mol% values were 6, 14 and 80, respectively. HFL contains a large amount of the acidic amino acid, Asx. The β-elimination reaction suggested that the oligosaccharide and peptide moieties of HFL may belong to the N-glucosidic linkage. The amino acid sequences, of about five segments of HFL, were acquired by MALDI-TOF/TOF, and the sequences have no homology with other lectins. HFL was found to agglutinate sheep erythrocytes. The hemagglutination activity was inhibited by thyroglobulin, from bovine thyroid, but not by any of the monosaccharides tested. The lectin reaction was independent of the presence of the divalent cation Ca2+. HFL showed free radical scavenging activity against hydroxyl, DPPH and ABTS+ radicals.
- Wu, Mingjiang,Tong, Changqing,Wu, Yue,Liu, Shuai,Li, Wei
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- Characterization of aromatic aminotransferases from Ephedra sinica Stapf
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Ephedra sinica Stapf (Ephedraceae) is a broom-like shrub cultivated in arid regions of China, Korea and Japan. This plant accumulates large amounts of the ephedrine alkaloids in its aerial tissues. These analogs of amphetamine mimic the actions of adrenaline and stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. While much is known about their pharmacological properties, the mechanisms by which they are synthesized remain largely unknown. A functional genomics platform was established to investigate their biosynthesis. Candidate enzymes were obtained from an expressed sequence tag collection based on similarity to characterized enzymes with similar functions. Two aromatic aminotransferases, EsAroAT1 and EsAroAT2, were characterized. The results of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction indicated that both genes are expressed in young stem tissue, where ephedrine alkaloids are synthesized, and in mature stem tissue. Nickel affinity-purified recombinant EsAroAT1 exhibited higher catalytic activity and was more homogeneous than EsAroAT2 as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. EsAroAT1 was highly active as a tyrosine aminotransferase with α-ketoglutarate followed by α-ketomethylthiobutyrate and very low activity with phenylpyruvate. In the reverse direction, catalytic efficiency was similar for the formation of all three aromatic amino acids using l-glutamate. Neither enzyme accepted putative intermediates in the ephedrine alkaloid biosynthetic pathway, S-phenylacetylcarbinol or 1-phenylpropane-1,2-dione, as substrates.
- Kilpatrick, Korey,Pajak, Agnieszka,Hagel, Jillian M.,Sumarah, Mark W.,Lewinsohn, Efraim,Facchini, Peter J.,Marsolais, Frédéric
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p. 1209 - 1220
(2016/04/26)
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- Comparison of the sustainability metrics of the petrochemical and biomass-based routes to methionine
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Sustainability metrics, based on material efficiency, energy input, land use and costs, of three processesfor the manufacture of methionine are compared. The petrochemical process affords dl-methionine whilethe two biomass-based routes afford the l-enantiomer. From the point of view of the major application,in animal feed, either can be used. The first bio-based route, developed by CJ Cheil-Jedang, involves theproduction of an l-methionine precursor, O-succinyl homoserine by fermentation followed by enzymaticreaction of the latter with methyl mercaptan.The second bio-based route involves the isolation of l-methionine from grass protein. Based on thisconcise evaluation of the sustainability metrics we conclude that both bio-based processe are potentiallyattractive sustainable routes for the manufacture of methionine.
- Sanders, Johan P.M.,Sheldon, Roger A.
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- METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING REFINED METHIONINE
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The object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing refined methionine in which the loss of methionine due to washing is reduced. The present invention relates to a process for producing refined methionine from crude methionine, comprising a step of washing crude methionine with the use of a wash water containing methionine.
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Paragraph 0068
(2015/01/18)
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- CLEAN METHOD FOR PREPARING D,L-METHIONINE
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The present invention discloses a clean method for preparing a D,L-methionine comprising the steps of: preparing a potassium cyanide solution using a crystallized mother solution containing potassium carbonate as an absorbing liquid to absorb hydrocyanic acid, then reacting the potassium cyanide solution with 3-methylthio propionaldehyde and an ammonium bicarbonate solution at 50-150° C. for 3-15 minutes so as to obtain a 5-(β-methylthioethyl)glycolyurea solution, then bring the 5-(β-methylthioethyl)glycolyurea solution to a temperature of 140-220° C. and subjecting to a saponification reaction for 2-5 minutes, after the completion of the saponification, reducing the temperature to 0-40° C., extracting with an organic solvent, neutralising the water phase with CO2 and crystallizing, then filtering, washing, and drying to obtain an acceptable D,L-methionine product; bring the crystallized D,L-methionine mother solution from filtration to a temperature to 110-160° C. to remove CO2, which are all then circulated and used as a hydrocyanic acid-absorbing liquid. The process route of the present invention is a route suitable for a continuous and clean production, substantially without producing waste water and waste gas.
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Paragraph 0058
(2015/10/28)
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- Rapid, effective deprotection of tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) amino acids and peptides at high temperatures using a thermally stable ionic liquid
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A method for high temperature Boc deprotection of amino acids and peptides in a phosphonium ionic liquid is described. The ionic liquid had low viscosity, high thermal stability and demonstrated a beneficial effect. The study extended the possibility for extraction of water soluble polar organic molecules using ionic liquids. Trace water significantly improved product purity and yield, while only 2 equiv. TFA led to deprotection within 10 min. The trityl group was also deprotected.
- Bhawal, Sumit S.,Patil, Rahul A.,Armstrong, Daniel W.
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p. 95854 - 95856
(2015/11/24)
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- t-BUTYLKETONE BINAPHTHOL DERIVATIVES AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF
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The present disclosure relates to a t-butylketone binaphthol derivative and a method of preparing the same, the t-butylketone binaphthol derivative being a high-efficiency chiral extracting agent which has a very high chiral selectivity enabling to extract an amino acid from an aqueous solution phase to an organic layer and to facilitate its hydrolysis, and enabling a continuous reuse of the organic layer.
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Paragraph 0097
(2017/01/17)
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- Characterization of two putative prolinases (PepR1 and PepR2) from Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1: Occurrence of two isozymes with structural similarity and different catalytic properties
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Two putative prolinases (PepR1 and PepR2) of Lactobacillus plantarum WCSF1 share 48.5% amino acid sequence identity (55.5% at the DNA level); however, PepR1 exhibits over 80% identity at the protein level with other lactobacilli prolinases while PepR2 exhibits only 51% or less identity. In this study, the putative genes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified to gel electrophoretic homogeneity, and then characterized. Purified PepR1 and PepR2 hydrolysed Pro-Xaa dipeptide substrates at similar rates, proving their nature as prolinases. Structural analyses using circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, gel filtration, and molecular modelling revealed that the two prolinases have similar structural characteristics: high β-sheet content, homotetrameric structure, and similar folding to the PepI/PepL/PepR peptidase family. However, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of PepR1 and PepR2 indicated differences in many aspects: optimum temperatures (25 and 30 °C, respectively), optimum pH (pH 7.5 and 8.0, respectively), substrate specificities (high stringency of PepR2), kinetic parameters, and thermal stability (29 and 48 °C, respectively). Also, these prolinases behaved differently towards inhibitor treatments, suggesting structural and/or functional differences in their active sites. Differences in the two prolinases would contribute to a diversity of catalytic activities, so that they work together cooperatively and complementarily to hydrolyse proline-containing peptides with broader specificity, working pH, working temperature, and higher efficiency, thus allowing adaptation to a wider range of environments.
- Huang, Yanyu,Tanaka, Takuji
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- METHOD OF PRODUCING METHIONINE
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The invention provides the following method capable of producing methionine in a shorter time by making rapid progress of the hydrolysis of 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin from an aqueous 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin solution containing ammonia component. A method of producing methionine is the method comprising hydrolyzing 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin in an aqueous 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin solution containing ammonia component, wherein the hydrolysis is performed after the ammonia component is removed from the aqueous solution.
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Paragraph 0040
(2014/06/23)
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- Method for manufacturing methylmercaptopropionaldehyde and methionine using renewable raw materials
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The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing methylmercaptopropionaldehyde (MMP) including at least the following steps: (a) dehydrating glycerol to acrolein from an aqueous solution of glycerol in the presence of an acid catalyst; (b) purifying the aqueous flux from step (a) to obtain a flux of acrolein containing at least 15 wt % of water relative to the acrolein; (c) causing a reaction of the acrolein flux obtained in step (b) with methylmercaptan in the presence of a catalyst; (d) optionally purifying the product obtained in step (c). The method of the invention can also include a reaction of the product obtained in step (c) or (d) with hydrocyanic acid, or sodium cyanide during a step (e) followed by a subsequent transformation to produce methionine or methionine hydroxyanalogue, which can then optionally be purified. The additional use of methylmercaptan and/or hydrocyanic acid derived from biomass as raw materials in the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain MMP, methionine or methionine hydroxyanalogue made up of 100% organic carbon from renewable sources.
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Page/Page column 16-17
(2014/06/10)
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- Facile synthesis of α-hydroxy carboxylic acids from the corresponding α-amino acids
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An effective and improved procedure is developed for the synthesis of α-hydroxy carboxylic acids by treatment of the corresponding protonated α-amino acid with tert-butyl nitrite in 1,4-dioxane-water. The amino moiety must be protonated and located α to a carboxylic acid function in order to undergo initial diazotization and successive hydroxylation, since neither β-amino acids nor acid derivatives such as esters and amides undergo hydroxylations. The method is successfully applied for the synthesis of 18 proteinogenic amino acids.
- Stuhr-Hansen, Nicolai,Padrah, Shahrokh,Str?mgaard, Kristian
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supporting information
p. 4149 - 4151
(2015/02/02)
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- Amidohydrolase Process: Expanding the use of l-N-carbamoylase/N-succinyl- amino acid racemase tandem for the production of different optically pure l-amino acids
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A bienzymatic system comprising an N-succinylamino acid racemase from Geobacillus kaustophilus CECT4264 (GkNSAAR) and an enantiospecific l-N-carbamoylase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus CECT43 (BsLcar) has been developed. This biocatalyst has been able to produce optically pure natural and non-natural l-amino acids starting from racemic mixtures of N-acetyl-, N-formyl- and N-carbamoyl-amino acids by dynamic kinetic resolution. The fastest conversion rate was found with N-formyl-amino acids, followed by N-carbamoyl- and N-acetyl-amino acids, and GkNSAAR proved to be the limiting step of the system due to its lower specific activity. Metal ion cobalt was essential for the activity of the biocatalyst and the system was optimally active when Co 2+ was added directly to the reaction mixture. The optimum pH for the biocatalyst proved to be 8.0, for both N-formyl- and N-carbamoyl-amino acid substrates, whereas optimum temperature ranges were 45-55 °C for N-formyl-amino acids and 55-70 °C for N-carbamoyl-derivatives. The bienzymatic system was equally efficient in converting aromatic and aliphatic substrates. Total conversion was also achieved using high substrate concentrations (100 and 500 mM) with no noticeable inhibition. This "Amidohydrolase Process" enables the production of both natural and non-natural l-amino acids from a broad substrate spectrum with yields of over 95%.
- Soriano-Maldonado, Pablo,Rodríguez-Alonso, María José,Hernández-Cervantes, Carmen,Rodríguez-García, Ignacio,Clemente-Jiménez, Josefa María,Rodríguez-Vico, Felipe,Martínez-Rodríguez, Sergio,Las Heras-Vázquez, Francisco Javier
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p. 1281 - 1287
(2014/07/22)
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