- From off-to on-target: New BRAF-inhibitor-template-derived compounds selectively targeting mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)
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The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP) kinase 4 (MKK4) was found to be a major regulator of liver regeneration and could be a valuable drug target addressing liver related diseases by restoring its intrinsic regenerative capacity. We report on the synthesis and optimization of novel MKK4 inhibitors following a target-hopping strategy from the FDA-approved BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4032 (8). Applying an iterative multi-parameter optimization process we carved out essential structural features yielding in compounds with a low nanomolar affinity for MKK4 and excellent selectivity profiles against the main off-targets MKK7 and JNK1, which, upon relevant inhibition, would totally abrogate the pro-regenerative effect of MKK4 inhibition, as well as against the off-targets MAP4K5, ZAK and BRAF with selectivity factors ranging from 40 to 430 for our best-balanced compounds 70 and 73.
- Kl?vekorn, Philip,Pfaffenrot, Bent,Juchum, Michael,Selig, Roland,Albrecht, Wolfgang,Zender, Lars,Laufer, Stefan A.
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supporting information
(2020/11/20)
-
- Influence of Linker Attachment Points on the Stability and Neosubstrate Degradation of Cereblon Ligands
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Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) hijacking the cereblon (CRBN) E3 ubiquitin ligase have emerged as a novel paradigm in drug development. Herein we found that linker attachment points of CRBN ligands highly affect their aqueous stability and neosubstrate degradation features. This work provides a blueprint for the assembly of future heterodimeric CRBN-based degraders with tailored properties.
- Bricelj, Ale?a,Dora Ng, Yuen Lam,Ferber, Dominic,Gütschow, Michael,Kr?nke, Jan,Kuchta, Robert,Müller, Sina,Monschke, Marius,Sosi?, Izidor,Steinebach, Christian,Wagner, Karl G.
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supporting information
p. 1733 - 1738
(2021/11/16)
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- X-ray Structure-Guided Discovery of a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Dual Human Indoleamine/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (hIDO/hTDO) Inhibitor That Shows Activity in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
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Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (hTDO) have been closely linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD); nevertheless, development of dual hIDO1 and hTDO inhibitors to evaluate their potential efficacy against PD is still lacking. Here, we report biochemical, biophysical, and computational analyses revealing that 1H-indazole-4-amines inhibit both hIDO1 and hTDO by a mechanism involving direct coordination with the heme ferrous and ferric states. Crystal structure-guided optimization led to23, which manifested IC50values of 0.64 and 0.04 μM to hIDO1 and hTDO, respectively, and had good pharmacokinetic properties and brain penetration in mice.23showed efficacy against the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse motor coordination deficits, comparable to Madopar, an anti-PD medicine. Further studies revealed that different from Madopar,23likely has specific anti-PD mechanisms involving lowering IDO1 expression, alleviating dopaminergic neurodegeneration, reducing inflammatory cytokines and quinolinic acid in mouse brain, and increasing kynurenic acid in mouse blood.
- Ning, Xiang-Li,Li, Yu-Zhi,Huo, Cui,Deng, Ji,Gao, Cheng,Zhu, Kai-Rong,Wang, Miao,Wu, Yu-Xiang,Yu, Jun-Lin,Ren, Ya-Li,Luo, Zong-Yuan,Li, Gen,Chen, Yang,Wang, Si-Yao,Peng, Cheng,Yang, Ling-Ling,Wang, Zhou-Yu,Wu, Yong,Qian, Shan,Li, Guo-Bo
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supporting information
p. 8303 - 8332
(2021/06/30)
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- Method for co-production 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic acid and 3-nitro-2-methylbenzoic acid
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The invention discloses a method for co-production of 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic acid and 3-nitro-2-methylbenzoic acid. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) feeding 3-nitro-o-xylene and dilute nitric acid into an oxidation reaction kettle, carrying out heating, and conducting reacting under certain pressure by using oxygen as an oxidant; (2) after the reaction is finished, discharging an oxidation reaction solution to obtain a crude product; (3) washing the crude product with water, conducting esterifying, and performing distilling to recover a solvent after the reaction is finished, thereby obtaining an esterified concentrated solution; (4) adding alkali into the esterification concentrated solution to adjust a pH value, carrying out layering, and distilling anorganic layer under reduced pressure to recover 3-nitro-2-nitrobenzoic acid; and (5) extracting a water layer with an organic solvent, adjusting an pH value with an acid, and performing filtering anddrying to obtain the 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic acid. In a low-concentration nitric acid environment, 3-nitro-2-nitrobenzoic acid is produced and 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic acid is co-produced with oxygen used as an oxidizing agent, so the problems of low selectivity of 3-nitro-o-xylene in an oxidation process and high risks in a concentrated nitric acid oxidation process are solved.
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Paragraph 0025; 0026; 0030; 0031
(2020/10/14)
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- Efficient synthesis of dibenzazepine lactams via a sequential Pd-catalyzed amination and aldol condensation reaction
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A simple and efficient reaction was developed for the synthesis of dibenzazepine lactam derivatives. The core 7-membered azepine ring was formed by a stepwise sequence involving a palladium-catalyzed amination and an aldol condensation.
- Song, Ha-Jeong,Yoon, Eunyoung,Heo, Jung-Nyoung
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supporting information
(2019/12/27)
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- Discovery of [1,2,4]triazole derivatives as new metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors
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The emergence and spread of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-mediated resistance to β-lactam antibacterials has already threatened the global public health. A clinically useful MBL inhibitor that can reverse β-lactam resistance has not been established yet. We here report a series of [1,2,4]triazole derivatives and analogs, which displayed inhibition to the clinically relevant subclass B1 (Verona integron-encoded MBL-2) VIM-2. 3-(4-Bromophenyl)-6,7-dihydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazolo [3,4-b][1,3]thiazine (5l) manifested the most potent inhibition with an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 38.36 μM. Investigations of 5l against other B1 MBLs and the serine β-lactamases (SBLs) revealed the selectivity to VIM-2. Molecular docking analyses suggested that 5l bound to the VIM-2 active site via the triazole involving zinc coordination and made hydrophobic interactions with the residues Phe61 and Tyr67 on the flexible L1 loop. This work provided new triazole-based MBL inhibitors and may aid efforts to develop new types of inhibitors combating MBL-mediated resistance.
- Yuan, Chen,Yan, Jie,Song, Chen,Yang, Fan,Li, Chao,Wang, Cheng,Su, Huiling,Chen, Wei,Wang, Lijiao,Wang, Zhouyu,Qian, Shan,Yang, Lingling
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- 2-methyl-3-methoxybenzoyl chloride synthesizing process
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The invention discloses a 2-methyl-3-methoxybenzoyl chloride synthesizing process. According to the present invention, low-cost o-xylene is used as a starting raw material, the product is synthesizedby using a conventional synthesis method comprising nitrification, esterification, reduction, diazotization, methylation, acyl chlorination and other steps, and the total yield is controlled at more than 65%; the esterification of the intermediate product improves the separation degree of the intermediate; the reaction solvent is added in the diazotization step, such that the process parameters are relatively easy to control, and the purity of the intermediate in the diazotization step is more than 96% so as to provide the guarantee for the quality of the subsequent product; and with the synthesis process, the product quality is stable and reliable, and the cost is low.
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- PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS FOR PROMOTING LIVER REGENERATION OR REDUCING OR PREVENTING HEPATOCYTE DEATH
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The invention relates to MKK4 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 4) and their use in promoting liver regeneration or reducing or preventing hepatocyte death. The MKK4 inhibitors selectively inhibit protein kinase MKK4 over protein kinases JNK and MKK7.
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Page/Page column 32; 49; 50
(2018/08/12)
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- AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIS OF LENALIDOMIDE
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Disclosed herein is an improved process for preparation of Lenalidomide and crystalline polymorphic forms thereof.
- -
-
Paragraph 0052; 0053
(2018/12/04)
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- A method for the preparation of amine to that (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a method for the preparation of amine to that, the specific step includes: to 2 - methyl - 3 - nitro benzoic acid as the raw material, to obtain 2 - bromomethyl - 3 - nitro-benzoic acid methyl ester; L - glutamic acid as the raw material to make the N - CBZ - L - glutamic acid; to N - CBZ - L - glutamic acid as the raw material to make the 3 - amino - 2, 6 - piperidine dione hydrochloride; to 2 - methyl - 3 - nitro-benzoic acid methyl ester with 3 - amino - 2, 6 - piperidine dione hydrochloride as the raw material to make the 3 - (4 - nitro - 1, 3 dihydro - 1 - oxo - 2 hydrogen - isoindol - 2 - yl) piperidine - 2, 6 - dione; to 3 - (4 - nitro - 1, 3 dihydro - 1 - oxo - 2 hydrogen - isoindol - 2 - yl) piperidine - 2, 6 - dione as raw materials to that amine. The method of the invention has simple technological process, raw material economic, few by-products, and purification is simple, high yield, environment-friendly and the like, after treatment is simple, has better practicability and application value, has great industrial prospects. (by machine translation)
- -
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Paragraph 0037; 0038; 0049; 0051; 0052; 0065; 0066
(2018/07/30)
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- The role of polycyclic frameworks in modulating P2X7 receptor function
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Herein we describe our recent attempts to target the P2X7 receptor for potential treatment of neurological disorders. This work focusses on different polycycles including carborane, adamantane or cubane, joined by either a cyanoguanidine or an amide linker to phenyl or isoquinoline moieties. We have demonstrated the superiority of the adamantyl moiety over other polycycles in terms of synthetic accessibility and biological (cellular) activity. We have also shown that an amide or cyanoguanidine linker can greatly alter the biological activity of compounds. This SAR study provides important insights into the types of functionality required to target the P2X7 receptor.
- Callis, Timothy B.,Reekie, Tristan A.,O'Brien-Brown, James,Wong, Erick C.N.,Werry, Eryn L.,Elias, Nabiha,Jorgensen, William T.,Tsanaktsidis, John,Rendina, Louis M.,Kassiou, Michael
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p. 1207 - 1219
(2017/11/24)
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- Iron(III)/TEMPO-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles by Oxidative Cyclization under Mild Conditions
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A simple and efficient cationic Fe(III)/TEMPO-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aroyl hydrazones has been developed for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The reaction offers a broad scope, good functional-group tolerance, and high yields under mild conditions in the presence of O 2.
- Zhang, Guofu,Yu, Yidong,Zhao, Yiyong,Xie, Xiaoqiang,Ding, Chengrong
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supporting information
p. 1373 - 1377
(2017/06/27)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of Lenalidomide derivatives as tumor angiogenesis inhibitor
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Lenalidomide is a type of immunomodulatory agent with anti-tumor activity by mainly expressed in the anti-angiogenesis. In order to enhance the pharmacological activity of Lenalidomide, a series of Lenalidomide derivatives were designed as tumor angiogenesis inhibitors. The potential anti-angiogenesis targets of Lenalidomide derivatives were virtual screened on Auto-Dock 4.0 by using reverse docking method. The six target proteins, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and metal protein kinase, were chosen as the targets. The Lenalidomide derivatives were synthesized by alkylated, acylated or sulfonylated Lenalidomide and verified by the 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC–MS. Their anti-cancer activities were detected by using CCK-8 in the esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706. The results indicate that the inhibitory activities of Lenalidomide derivatives were higher than that of Lenalidomide.
- Hu, Shengquan,Yuan, Libin,Yan, Hong,Li, Zhigang
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p. 4075 - 4081
(2017/08/23)
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- Lenalidomide intermediate preparation method
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The present invention provides a lenalidomide intermediate preparation method, namely a preparation process of important intermediate 2-bromomethyl-3-nitro-methyl benzoate of 3-(4-amino-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro- 2H- isoindolyl-2-yl) piperidine-2,6-dione (namely lenalidomide).
- -
-
Paragraph 0064; 0065; 0066; 0067
(2017/02/02)
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- Identification of novel PARP-1 inhibitors: Drug design, synthesis and biological evaluation
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A series of AG014699 derivatives containing a novel scaffold of 2,3-dihydro-1H-[1,2]diazepino[4,5,6-cd]indole-1,4(6H)-dione were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities toward PARP-1 enzyme and two cell lines, MCF-7 cells and the BRCA1-deficient MDA-MB-436 cells. Our results demonstrated that of all AG014699 derivatives synthesized in this work, compounds 6 and 7 showed strong PARP-1 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 3.5 nM and 2.4 nM, respectively), only four and three times less potent than AG014699. Compound 6 also had significantly cell inhibitory activity against both MCF-7 cells (CC50 = 25.8 μM) and the BRCA1-deficient MDA-MB-436 cells (CC50 = 5.4 μM), nearly as good as AG014699, indicating that it can be a promising compound for further evaluation.
- Xie, Zhouling,Zhou, Youli,Zhao, Wei,Jiao, He,Chen, Yu,Yang, Yong,Li, Zhiyu
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supporting information
p. 4557 - 4561
(2015/10/12)
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- One-pot synthesis of novel 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-oxadiazoles from indazole carboxylic acid esters and amidoximes
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An efficient and high-yielding one-pot synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1,2, 4-oxadiazoles from indazole carboxylic acid methyl esters and amidoximes is described. In this study a series of novel 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-oxadiazoles (3a-d), (4a-d), (5a-d), (6a-d), (7a-d) were synthesized using amidoximes 2a-d and indazole carboxylic acid esters (3-6).
- Swamy, Udutha Kumara,Mohan, H. Rama,Prasad, U. Viplava,Suresh,Kumar, T. Laxmi
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p. 1921 - 1930
(2014/06/09)
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- Continuous flow oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes utilizing bleach and catalytic tetrabutylammonium bromide
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We report a method for the oxidation of a range of alcohols and aldehydes utilizing a simple flow system of alcohols in EtOAc with a stream of 12.5% NaOCl and catalytic Bu4NBr. Secondary alcohols are oxidized to ketones, aldehydes are oxidized directly to methyl esters in the presence of methanol, and benzylic alcohols are oxidized to either benzaldehydes or methyl esters, depending on the conditions used. The reaction conditions are mild and generally provide complete conversion in 5-30 min.
- Leduc, Andrew B.,Jamison, Timothy F.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1082 - 1089
(2012/08/27)
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- A transannular diels-alder strategy to the construction of the CDE ring system of nakiterpiosin
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The transannular Diels-Alder (TADA) reaction was applied to the synthesis of the CDE ring system of nakiterpiosin (1). TADA product 28 is a key intermediate toward the total synthesis of 1.
- Takamura, Hiroyoshi,Yamagami, Yuji,Ito, Tomonori,Ito, Masahiro,Arimoto, Hirokazu,Kadota, Isao,Uemurat, Daisuke
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experimental part
p. 351 - 364
(2009/09/06)
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- Tandem annulation strategy for the convergent synthesis of benzonaphthopyranones: total synthesis of chartarin and O-methylhayumicinone
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A Hauser-initiated tandem annulation has been developed for the rapid regiospecific synthesis of benzonaphthopyranones via formation of two rings in one-pot operation. This strategy has been generalized with benzonaphthopyranones 26, 29, 32, and 35. It has also been employed in a short synthesis of chartarin (3) and O-methylhayumicinone (67).
- Ray, Sutapa,Patra, Asit,Mal, Dipakranjan
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p. 3253 - 3267
(2008/09/19)
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- Preparation, X-ray structure and propylaminolysis of 7,7-dichloro-5,7- dihydro-thieno[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one
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Refluxing 2-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid with thionyl chloride for 6-7 h gave (～50%) title compound dichlorothienolactone 2 as was confirmed by a X-ray structure analysis. The propylaminolysis of 2 provides a new and convenient access to highly functi
- Van Es, Theodorus,Staskun, Benjamin,Fernandes, Manuel A.
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p. 373 - 376
(2008/09/19)
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- Studies toward the total synthesis of nakiterpiosin: construction of the CDE ring system by a transannular Diels-Alder strategy
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The transannular Diels-Alder (TADA) reaction was applied to the synthesis of the CDE ring system of nakiterpiosin (1). Tetracyclic compound 25 may be a key intermediate in the total synthesis of 1.
- Ito, Tomonori,Ito, Masahiro,Arimoto, Hirokazu,Takamura, Hiroyoshi,Uemura, Daisuke
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p. 5465 - 5469
(2008/02/10)
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- 1-AMINO-2-OXY-SUBSTITUTED TETRAHYDRONAPHTALENE DERIVATIVES, METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND THEIR USE AS ANTIPHLOGISTICS
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The invention relates to polysubstituted tetrahydronaphtalene derivatives of formula (I), to methods for the production thereof, and to their use as antiphlogistics. The substituents are defined in Claim 1.
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Page/Page column 53
(2010/02/11)
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- Multiply-substituted tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives, process for their production and their use as anti-inflammatory agents
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The invention relates to multiply-substituted tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives of formula (I) process for their production and their use as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Page/Page column 15
(2010/02/14)
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- HETEROCYCLICALLY SUBSTITUTED PENTANOL DERIVATIVES, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS
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The invention relates to pentanol derivatives of general formula (I), which are substituted by quinazoline, quinoxaline, cinnoline, indazole, phthalazine, naphthyridine, benzothiazole, dihydroindolone, dihydroisoindolone, benzimidazole, or indole, a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Page/Page column 93-94
(2010/02/10)
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- Novel cyclic amide derivatives
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Novel compounds represented by the following formula (I) that act as a ligand to sigma receptor/binding cite and a medicament comprising the same as an active ingredient: wherein X represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group or the like; Q represents a group represented by —CH2—, —CO—, —O—, —CH(OR7)— or the like wherein R7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; n represents an integer of from 0 to 5; R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; B represents either of the following groups: wherein R3, R4, R5, and R6 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group or the like; m represents 1 or 2; and the ring of: represents an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
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- Synthesis of (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-4-indolyl)propanoic acid, a novel tryptophan analog for structural modification of bioactive peptides
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A convenient, multigram synthesis of a novel α-amino acid (2S)-2- amino-3-(1H-4-indolyl)propanoic acid (la), is reported. An Fmoc-t-Boc derivative of this novel regioisomer of the natural aromatic amino acid tryptophan could be readily incorporated into b
- Fauq, Abdul H.,Hong, Feng,Cusack, Bernadette,Tyler, Beth M.,Ping-Pang, Yuan,Richelson, Elliott
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p. 4127 - 4134
(2007/10/03)
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- INHIBITORS OF FARNESYL-PROTEIN TRANSFERASE
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The present invention comprises peptidomimetic compounds which comprise a suitably aniline and aminoalkylbenzene moieties. The instant compounds inhibit the farnesyl-protein transferase enzyme and the farnesylation of certain proteins. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.
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- Thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitors with histamine H1-blocking activity: Synthesis and evaluation of a new series of indole derivatives
-
A novel series of N-substituted 3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)indole carboxylic acid derivatives were prepared and evaluated for thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthetase-inhibitory and histaminergic H1-blocking activity. Among the compounds synthesized, indole-6-carboxylic acid derivatives showed higher activities than the other positional isomers of carboxylic acid. 1-[3-(4- Benzhydryl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole-6- carboxylic acid (12) had the strongest thromboxane synthetase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 5 x 10-8 M) and H1-blocking activity (IC50 = 8 x 10- 9 M).
- Kamiya,Matsui,Shirahase,Nakamura,Wada,Kanda,Shimaji,Kakeya
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p. 1692 - 1695
(2007/10/03)
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- A ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 4-HYDROXYMETHYLINDOLE
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A practical one pot synthetic method of 4-hydroxymethylindole is developed.The method consists of three operations, in which a novel ring transformation reaction of isocoumarins into isochromans is included.Product analysis and distribution of each operat
- Somei, Masanori,Shoda, Toshiya
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p. 417 - 423
(2007/10/02)
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