- A facile two-step synthesis of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene
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Synthesis of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene was achieved by converting phloroglucinol into its trioximes by reaction with aqueous hydroxylamine followed by oxidation of the trioxime product with 90% nitric acid.
- Bottaro, Jeffrey C.,Malhotra, Ripudaman,Dodge, Allen
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- Safe synthesis method of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
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The invention provides a safe synthesis method of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, wherein the safe synthesis method comprises the steps: based on the isomerism characteristics of 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone imine and 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, taking 1,3,5-cyclohexyltriketone as a reaction raw material, and preparing N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene through a trioximation reaction, an N-O bond cleavage-isomerism reaction and an N-acylation reaction; and taking N,N',N''-triacetyl-1,3,5-triaminobenzene as a raw material, and preparing TATB through a multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction. The method has the significant characteristic of the multi-stage one-pot tri-nitration reaction, so that the amination step of an explosive multi-nitro-compound is avoided so as to substantially improve the safety, the used reactants or the used catalyst is the common product in the chemical industry, the use of a non-degradable organic solvent is avoided, the green and safe synthesis is achieved; and meanwhile, on the basis of the characteristics of a one-pot method, the operation process is simplified, operations such as separation, purification and collection of an intermediate product are avoided, and large-scale preparation of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is facilitated.
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Paragraph 0062-0069; 0089-0092; 0101-0103
(2021/06/23)
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- Synthetic method for 1,3,5-triaminobenzene
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The invention provides a synthetic method for 1,3,5-triaminobenzene. The method comprises the following steps: with phloroglucinol as shown in a structural formula IV which is described in the specification as a reaction raw material, subjecting the phloroglucinol and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to an oxime-forming reaction under an alkaline condition, and carrying out filtering and drying treatment so as to obtain 1,3,5-cyclohexanetrione oxime as shown in a structural formula III which is described in the specification; and subjecting the 1,3,5-cyclohexanetrione oxime to a hydrogenation reaction, and carrying out purification treatment so as to obtain 1,3,5-triaminobenzene as shown in a structural formula II which is described in the specification. According to the invention, a starting raw material used in the method is the phloroglucinol which is cheap and easily-available; an intermediate namely the 1,3,5-cyclohexanetrione oxime is non-explosive and facilitates separation and purification; and compared with a conventional method, the method provided by the invention has low cost and safe process. The method for preparation of the 1,3,5-triaminobenzene provided by the inventionadopts a hydrazine hydrate solution as a reducing reagent, does not need using strong acid and strong alkali, or catalytic hydrogenation under a normal pressure, and has the advantages of simple process, safety, low cost and environment friendliness.
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Paragraph 0092; 0092; 0110; 0121; 0132
(2018/09/13)
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- An unusual reduction route of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid under conditions of aqueous-phase hydrogenation over Pd/Sibunit catalyst
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For the first time it was established that the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid to 1,3,5-triaminobenzene can proceed via the formation of aromatic hydroxyamines and cyclohexane-1,3,5-trione trioxime. As a result of aqueous-phase hydrogenation of sodium salt of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid in the presence of 5%Pd/Sibunit catalyst at a temperature of 323 K and pressure of 0.5 MPa, a trioxime in high yield (about 70 %) was obtained. Due to high selectivity to cyclohexane-1,3,5-trione trioxime the catalytic hydrogenation of sodium salt of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid can be considered as a new method for its synthesis.
- Mironenko,Belskaya,Talzi,Rodionov,Sysolyatin,Likholobov
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p. 1535 - 1540
(2017/03/01)
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