- Z-Selective Fluoroalkenylation of (Hetero)Aromatic Systems by Iodonium Reagents in Palladium-Catalyzed Directed C?H Activation
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The direct and catalytic incorporation of fluorine containing molecular motifs into organic compounds resulting high-value added chemicals represents a rapidly evolving part of synthetic methodologies, thus this area is in the focus of pharmaceutical and agrochemical research. Herein we report a stereoselective procedure for direct fluorovinylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic scaffolds. This methodology development has been realized by palladium-catalyzed ortho C?H activation reaction of aniline derivatives featuring the regioselectivity via directing groups such as secondary of tertiary amides, ureas or ketones. The application of non-symmetrical aryl(fluoroalkenyl)-iodonium salts as fluoroalkenylating agents allowed mild reaction conditions in general for this transformation. The scope and limitations have been thoroughly investigated and the feasibility has been demonstrated by more than 50 examples.
- Tóth, Balázs L.,Sályi, Gerg?,Domján, Attila,Egyed, Orsolya,Bényei, Attila,Gonda, Zsombor,Novák, Zoltán
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supporting information
p. 348 - 354
(2021/11/09)
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- Magnetically recyclable silica-coated ferrite magnetite-K10montmorillonite nanocatalyst and its applications in O, N, and S-acylation reaction under solvent-free conditions
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Novel silica-coated ferrite nanoparticles supported with montmorillonite (K10) have been prepared successfully by using a simple impregnation method. Further, these nanoparticles were characterized by using different analytical methods like FT-IR, PXRD, EDS, and FE-SEM techniques. In addition, these nanoparticles have been explored for their catalytic activity for the O, N, and S-acylation reactions under solvent-free conditions which gave moderate to excellent yields in a much shorter reaction time. Moreover, these nanoparticles could easily be separated out from the reaction medium after the reaction completion by using an external magnetic field and have been re-used for 10 cycles without any significant loss of the catalytic activity.
- Kumar, Pushpendra,Patil, Shripad M.,Tandon, Nitin,Tandon, Runjhun
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p. 21291 - 21300
(2021/07/01)
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- Chemoselective reduction of nitroarenes, N-acetylation of arylamines, and one-pot reductive acetylation of nitroarenes using carbon-supported palladium catalytic system in water
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Developing and/or modifying fundamental chemical reactions using chemical industry-favorite heterogeneous recoverable catalytic systems in the water solvent is very important. In this paper, we developed convenient, green, and efficient approaches for the chemoselective reduction of nitroarenes, N-acetylation of arylamines, and one-pot reductive acetylation of nitroarenes in the presence of the recoverable heterogeneous carbon-supported palladium (Pd/C) catalytic system in water. The utilize of the simple, effective, and recoverable catalyst and also using of water as an entirely green solvent along with relatively short reaction times and good-to-excellent yields of the desired products are some of the noticeable features of the presented synthetic protocols. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Zeynizadeh, Behzad,Mohammad Aminzadeh, Farkhondeh,Mousavi, Hossein
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p. 3289 - 3312
(2021/05/11)
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- Ru-Catalyzed C(sp2)?H Bond Arylation of Benzamides Bearing a Novel 4-Aminoantipyrine as a Directing Group
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A novel design-based removable N,O-bidentate directing group based on cheap and commercially available 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) is reported. Aromatic AP amides bearing 4-aminoantipyrine underwent efficient Ru-catalyzed C(sp2)?H arylation using [RuCl2(PPh3)3] as a catalyst and aryl bromides as electrophiles. The novel bidentate directing group enabled the C?H functionalization reaction with good scope, good functional group tolerance and in decent yields.
- Al Mamari, Hamad H.,Al Kiumi, Diana,Al Rashdi, Tamadher,Al Quraini, Huda,Al Rashdi, Malak,Al Sheraiqi, Sumayya,Al Harmali, Sara,Al Lamki, Mohammed,Al Sheidi, Ahmed,Al Zadjali, Asma
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supporting information
p. 3598 - 3603
(2021/07/22)
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- Meta -Non-flat substituents: A novel molecular design to improve aqueous solubility in small molecule drug discovery
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Aqueous solubility is a key requirement for small-molecule drug candidates. Here, we investigated the regioisomer-physicochemical property relationships of disubstituted benzenes. We found that meta-isomers bearing non-flat substituents tend to possess the lowest melting point and the highest thermodynamic aqueous solubility among the regioisomers. The examination of pharmaceutical compounds containing a disubstituted benzene moiety supported the idea that the introduction of a non-flat substituent at the meta position of a benzene substructure would be a promising approach for medicinal chemists aiming to improve the thermodynamic aqueous solubility of drug candidates, even though it might not be universally effective. This journal is
- Ichikawa, Yuki,Hiramatsu, Michiaki,Mita, Yusuke,Makishima, Makoto,Matsumoto, Yotaro,Masumoto, Yui,Muranaka, Atsuya,Uchiyama, Masanobu,Hashimoto, Yuichi,Ishikawa, Minoru
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supporting information
p. 446 - 456
(2021/01/29)
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- Catalyst-free generation of acyl radicals induced by visible light in water to construct C-N bonds
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We describe herein a catalyst-free and redox-neutral photochemical strategy for the direct generation of acyl radicals from α-diketones, and its selective conversion of nitrosoarenes to hydroxyamides or amides with AcOH or NaCl as an additive. The reaction was carried out under mild conditions in water with purple LEDs as the light source. A broad scope of substrates was demonstrated. Mechanistic experiments indicate that α-diketones cleave to give acyl radicals, with hydroxyamides being further reduced to amides.
- Ran, Maogang,He, Jiaxin,Yan, Boyu,Liu, Wenbo,Li, Yi,Fu, Yunfen,Li, Chao-Jun,Yao, Qiuli
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supporting information
p. 1970 - 1975
(2021/03/16)
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- Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes promoted by cyanuric chloride and dimethyl sulfoxide under a mild condition
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Synthesis of amides via Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes promoted by cyanuric chloride (TCT)/DMSO under mild conditions has been reported. Conditions of the Beckmann rearrangement, e.g., solvents, the ratios of TCT/DMSO, and the temperature, were investigated using diphenylmethanone oxime as a substrate. The optimized conditions were adopted to afford fourteen amides with yields ranging from 20% to 99%. A plausible mechanism involving an active dimethyl alkoxysulfonium intermediate was proposed according to the mass spectrometry analysis. To our best knowledge, this is the first case of study on Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes promoted by TCT/DMSO under a mild condition to afford amides efficiently.
- Ma, Ruonan,Chen, Xueyuan,Xiao, Zhiyin,Natarajan, Mookan,Lu, Chunxin,Jiang, Xiujuan,Zhong, Wei,Liu, Xiaoming
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supporting information
(2021/01/06)
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- Direct para-Selective C-H Amination of Iodobenzenes: Highly Efficient Approach for the Synthesis of Diarylamines
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Iodine(III)-mediated synthesis of 4-iodo-N-phenylaniline from iodobenzene has been achieved, and the reaction can proceed under mild conditions. A variety of functional groups were well tolerated, providing the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. The remaining iodine group provides an effective platform for converting the products into several valuable asymmetric diphenylamines. Most importantly, this reaction can be easily scaled up to the ten-gram scale, highlighting its synthetic utility. The mechanistic study revealed that the in situ generated aryl hypervalent iodine intermediate is the key factor to realize this para-selective C-H amination reaction.
- Chen, Yujie,Huang, Zhibin,Jiang, Yaqiqi,Shu, Sai,Yang, Shan,Shi, Da-Qing,Zhao, Yingsheng
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p. 8226 - 8235
(2021/06/28)
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- Selective ortho-Functionalization of Adamantylarenes Enabled by Dispersion and an Air-Stable Palladium(I) Dimer
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Contrary to the general belief that Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling at sites of severe steric hindrance are disfavored, we herein show that the oxidative addition to C?Br ortho to an adamantyl group is as favored as the corresponding adamantyl-free system due
- Deckers, Kristina,Funes-Ardoiz, Ignacio,Kalvet, Indrek,Kremer, Marius,Magnin, Guillaume,Schoenebeck, Franziska,Sperger, Theresa
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supporting information
p. 7721 - 7725
(2020/04/09)
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- NURR1 RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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Described herein, inter alia, are Nurr1 receptor modulators and uses thereof. In an aspect is provided a method for treating a disease associated with dysregulation and/or degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system of a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein.
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Paragraph 0646; 0707-0709
(2020/09/08)
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- Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of novel thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent FAK inhibitors
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A series of 2,7-disubstituted-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as novel focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors. The novel 2,7-disubstituted-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine scaffold has been designed as a new kinase inhibitor platform that mimics the bioactive conformation of the well-known diaminopyrimidine motif. Most of the compounds potently suppressed the enzymatic activities of FAK and potently inhibited the proliferation of U-87MG, A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Among these derivatives, the optimized compound 26f potently inhibited the enzyme (IC50 = 28.2 nM) and displayed stronger potency than TAE-226 in U-87MG, A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, with IC50 values of 0.16, 0.27, and 0.19 μM, respectively. Compound 26f also exhibited relatively less cytotoxicity (IC50 = 3.32 μM) toward a normal human cell line, HK2. According to the flow cytometry results, compound 26f induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner and effectively arrested MDA-MB-231 cells in G0/G1 phase. Further investigations revealed that compound 26f potently suppressed the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Collectively, these data support the further development of compound 26f as a lead compound for FAK-targeted anticancer drug discovery.
- Chen, Yixuan,Cheng, Maosheng,Hao, Chenzhou,Wang, Ruifeng,Wu, Tianxiao,Yang, Bowen,Yu, Sijia,Zhao, Dongmei,Zhao, Xiangxin
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- Environmentally benign decarboxylative: N-, O-, and S-Acetylations and acylations
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An operationally simple and general method for acetylation and acylation of a wide variety of substrates (amines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, and hydrazones) has been reported. Meldrum's acid and its derivatives have been used as an air-stable, non-volatile, cost-effective, and easy to handle acetylating/acylating agent. Easily separable byproducts (CO2 and acetone) allowed the isolation of analytically pure acetylated products without the requirement of work-up and any chromatography. This journal is
- Ghosh, Santanu,Purkait, Anisha,Jana, Chandan K.
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supporting information
p. 8721 - 8727
(2020/12/30)
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- Direct synthesis of secondary amides from ketones through Beckmann rearrangement using O-(mesitylsulfonyl)hydroxylamine
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The Beckmann rearrangement is a versatile method for the preparation of secondary amides from ketones via oxime intermediates and has been widely used in the synthesis of bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Herein, we have developed a highly efficient direct method for the preparation of secondary amides and lactams from ketones using O-(mesitylsulfonyl)hydroxylamine (MSH). The reactions proceed rapidly at room temperature under mild condition without requiring any additive, and tolerate multiple functional groups. A simple aqueous work-up often furnished the products in excellent yield with high purity.
- Chandra, Dinesh,Verma, Saumya,Pandey, Chandra Bhan,Yadav, Ajay K.,Kumar, Puneet,Tiwari, Bhoopendra,Jat, Jawahar L.
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supporting information
(2020/03/23)
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- Zinc(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Secondary Amides from Ketones via Beckmann Rearrangement Using Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic Acid in Aqueous Media
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A zinc(II)-catalyzed single-step protocol for the Beckmann rearrangement using hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA) as the nitrogen source in water was developed. This direct method efficiently produces secondary amides under open atmosphere in a pure form after basic aqueous workup. It isenvironmentally benign and operationally simple.
- Verma, Saumya,Kumar, Puneet,Khatana, Anil K.,Chandra, Dinesh,Yadav, Ajay K.,Tiwari, Bhoopendra,Jat, Jawahar L.
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p. 3272 - 3276
(2020/11/02)
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- Iodine and Br?nsted acid catalyzed C–C bond cleavage of 1,3-diketones for the acylation of amines
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A metal-free N-acylation method of anilines with 1,3-diketones has been developed, by using iodine and p-toluene sulfonic acid as the co-catalysts. The reaction can proceed in 1,4-dioxane at elevated temperature to produce the corresponding amides with 48–89% yields. Further, the gram-scale experiment was carried out under the standard conditions and the possible mechanism was proposed.
- Zhou, Xiao-Yu,Chen, Xia,Yang, Dan
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supporting information
p. 177 - 184
(2019/11/26)
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- An organocatalytic C-C bond cleavage approach: A metal-free and peroxide-free facile method for the synthesis of amide derivatives
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A facile organocatalytic approach has been devised towards the synthesis of amide derivatives using 1,3-dicarbonyls as easily available acyl-sources under peroxide-free reaction conditions. This transformation was accomplished by the cleavage of the C-C bond in the presence of TEMPO as an organocatalyst and excludes the use of transition-metals and harsh reaction conditions. A broad range of substrates with diverse functional groups were well tolerated and delivered the products in high yields.
- Vodnala, Nagaraju,Gujjarappa, Raghuram,Polina, Saibabu,Satheesh, Vanaparthi,Kaldhi, Dhananjaya,Kabi, Arup K.,Malakar, Chandi C.
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supporting information
p. 20940 - 20944
(2020/12/31)
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- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS PRMT5 INHIBITORS
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The present disclosure describes novel heterocyclic PRMT5 inhibitors and methods for preparing them. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising such PRMT5 inhibitors and methods of using them for treating cancer, infectious diseases, and other PRMT5 associated disorders are also described.
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Paragraph 082; 113
(2020/12/11)
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- A benzo indole and indole and acridine derivatives preparation and application of OLED light emitting device (by machine translation)
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The invention claims a method for indole and indole and acridine derivatives preparation and application of the OLED light-emitting device on. The invention containing 12 H - benzo [kI] indolo [3 ', 2': 5, 6] indolo [3, 2, 1 - de] aa ding kind of compound
- -
-
Paragraph 0022-0024
(2019/03/29)
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- Synthesis of acetamides from aryl amines and acetonitrile by diazotization under metal-free conditions
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An efficient and metal-free coupling reaction has been developed that affords acetamides from the corresponding aryl amines and acetonitrile. This method tolerates a wide range of functional groups and is selective toward aryl amines. Preliminary mechanistic studies were conducted.
- Duan, Pan,Guo, Yu,Kang, Huan,Li, Yi-Na,Wen, Xianghao,Xiao, Fang,Zeng, Yao-Fu,Zhang, Na-Na
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supporting information
p. 2169 - 2172
(2019/11/25)
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- Cu(OTf) 2 -Catalyzed Beckmann Rearrangement of Ketones Using Hydroxylamine- O -sulfonic Acid (HOSA)
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The Beckmann rearrangement (BKR) of ketones to secondary amides often requires harsh reaction conditions that limit its practicality and scope. Herein, the Cu(OTf) 2 -catalyzed BKR of ketones under mild reaction conditions using hydroxylamine- O -sulfonic acid (HOSA), a commercial water soluble aminating agent, is described. This method is compatible with most functional groups and directly provides the desired amides in good to excellent yields.
- Anugu, Raghunath Reddy,Chandra, Dinesh,Falck, John R.,Jat, Jawahar L.,Munnuri, Sailu,Verma, Saumya
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p. 3709 - 3714
(2019/09/30)
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- Synthesis of diverse libraries of carboxamides via chemoselective N-acylation of amines by carboxylic acids employing Br?nsted acidic IL [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf]
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Chemoselective N-acylation of amines with carboxylic acids as acyl electrophiles and Br?nsted acidic IL [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf] as promoter is reported under both thermal and microwave irradiation to produce libraries of carboxamides in good to excellent yields after a simple workup. The protocol is compatible with structurally diverse 1° and 2° amines and works in the presence of sensitive functional groups such as thiols and phenols. The potential for recycling and reuse of the IL is also demonstrated.
- Savanur, Hemantkumar M.,Malunavar, Shruti S.,Prabhala, Pavankumar,Sutar, Suraj M.,Kalkhambkar, Rajesh G.,Laali, Kenneth K.
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supporting information
(2019/09/30)
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- Synthesis of Arylamides via Ritter-Type Cleavage of Solid-Supported Aryltriazenes
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A novel route for the synthesis of N-arylamides via the cleavage of aryltriazenes with alkyl or aryl nitriles is presented. We developed a variation of the Ritter reaction that allows the use of acetonitrile as solvent and reagent in reactions with solid-supported precursors. The reaction was optimized for the generation of N-aryl acetamides using a diverse range of immobilized building blocks including o-, m-, and p-substituted aryltriazenes. The cleavage via the Ritter-type conversion was combined with an on-bead cross-coupling reaction of halogen-substituted aryltriazenes with pyrazoles. Additionally, the synthesis of on-bead generated arylboronic ester-substituted triazenes was shown. The developed procedure was further expanded to use other commercially available nitriles, such as acrylonitrile, benzonitrile, and chlorinated alkyl nitriles as suitable reagents for a Ritter-type cleavage of the prepared triazene linkers.
- Wippert, Nicolai A.,Jung, Nicole,Br?se, Stefan
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supporting information
p. 568 - 572
(2019/09/03)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 1-Hydroxycarbazoles Under Aerobic Conditions
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A palladium-catalyzed aerobic C?H amidation of N-Ts-2-amino-3′-hydroxylbiaryls has been developed to afford a diverse range of 1-hydroxycarbazoles with high regioselectivity and efficiency. This protocol benefits from operational simplicity, robustness, a
- Youn, So Won,Kim, Young Ho,Jo, Yoon Hyung
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supporting information
p. 462 - 468
(2019/01/04)
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- Ni2B@Cu2O and Ni2B@CuCl2: two new simple and efficient nanocatalysts for?the green one-pot reductive acetylation of nitroarenes and direct N-acetylation of arylamines using solvent-free mechanochemical grinding
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Abstract: Ni2B@Cu2O and Ni2B@CuCl2 are introduced as simple and efficient earth-abundant transition-metal-based nanocomposites for the?green one-pot reductive acetylation of aromatic nitro compounds and direct N-acetylation of arylamines using a solvent-free mechanochemical grinding technique. The designed Ni2B-based nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Notable advantages of these methods include broad substrate scope, use of a solvent-free mechanochemical grinding technique, implementation of earth-abundant transition-metal-based nanocomposites as simple and practical catalysts, and short reaction time and high yield at ambient condition. The mentioned methods can also be successfully applied for the?synthesis of a broad range of other amides (especially substituted acetamides) using green chemistry protocols. Also, the recoverability and reusability of the mentioned new nanocomposites were investigated. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Zeynizadeh, Behzad,Younesi, Reza,Mousavi, Hossein
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p. 7331 - 7352
(2018/08/25)
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- Reevaluating the Substrate Specificity of the L-Type Amino Acid Transporter (LAT1)
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The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, SLC7A5) transports essential amino acids across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and into cancer cells. To utilize LAT1 for drug delivery, potent amino acid promoieties are desired, as prodrugs must compete with millimolar concentrations of endogenous amino acids. To better understand ligand-transporter interactions that could improve potency, we developed structural LAT1 models to guide the design of substituted analogues of phenylalanine and histidine. Furthermore, we evaluated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for both enantiomers of naturally occurring LAT1 substrates. Analogues were tested in cis-inhibition and trans-stimulation cell assays to determine potency and uptake rate. Surprisingly, LAT1 can transport amino acid-like substrates with wide-ranging polarities including those containing ionizable substituents. Additionally, the rate of LAT1 transport was generally nonstereoselective even though enantiomers likely exhibit different binding modes. Our findings have broad implications to the development of new treatments for brain disorders and cancer.
- Chien, Huan-Chieh,Colas, Claire,Finke, Karissa,Springer, Seth,Stoner, Laura,Zur, Arik A.,Venteicher, Brooklynn,Campbell, Jerome,Hall, Colton,Flint, Andrew,Augustyn, Evan,Hernandez, Christopher,Heeren, Nathan,Hansen, Logan,Anthony, Abby,Bauer, Justine,Fotiadis, Dimitrios,Schlessinger, Avner,Giacomini, Kathleen M.,Thomas, Allen A.
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supporting information
p. 7358 - 7373
(2018/08/06)
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- Sulfonium Salts as Alkylating Agents for Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Ortho Alkylation of Anilides and Aromatic Ureas
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A novel method for the ortho alkylation of acetanilide and aromatic urea derivatives via C-H activation was developed. Alkyl dibenzothiophenium salts are considered to be new reagents for the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation reaction, which enables the transfer of methyl and other alkyl groups from the sulfonium salt to the aniline derivatives under mild catalytic conditions.
- Simkó, Dániel Cs.,Elekes, Péter,Pázmándi, Vivien,Novák, Zoltán
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supporting information
p. 676 - 679
(2018/02/09)
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- Imidazolium chloride: An efficient catalyst for transamidation of primary amines
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A highly efficient and convenient protocol of imidazolium chloride (30 mol %) catalyzed amidation of amines with moderate to excellent yields was reported. The protocol shows broad substrate scope for aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic primary amines.
- Tian, Qingqiang,Gan, Zongjie,Wang, Xuetong,Li, Dan,Luo, Wen,Wang, Huajun,Dai, Zeshu,Yuan, Jianyong
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supporting information
(2018/09/10)
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- Beckmann rearrangement of ketoxime catalyzed by N-methyl-imidazolium hydrosulfate
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Beckmann rearrangement of ketoxime catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid-N-methyl-imidazolium hydrosulfate was studied. Rearrangement of benzophenone oxime gave the desirable product with 45% yield at 90 ?C. When co-catalyst P2O5 was added, the yield could be improved to 91%. The catalyst could be reused three cycles with the same efficiency. Finally, reactions of other ketoximes were also investigated.
- Hu, Hongyu,Cai, Xuting,Xu, Zhuying,Yan, Xiaoyang,Zhao, Shengxian
-
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- Mild, calcium catalysed Beckmann rearrangements
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A mild calcium catalysed Beckmann rearrangement has been realised, which forgoes the more traditional harsh reactions conditions associated with the transformation. The catalyst system is shown to be tolerant towards a wide variety of functional groups relevant to natural product synthesis and medicinal chemistry and the synthetic utility of the reaction has also been investigated. A preliminary mechanistic investigation was performed to understand the nature of the incoming nucleophile and a possible reaction pathway is described.
- Kiely-Collins,Sechi,Brennan,McLaughlin
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supporting information
p. 654 - 657
(2018/02/06)
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- Synthesis of unsymmetrical Si-rhodamine fluorophores and application to a far-red to near-infrared fluorescence probe for hypoxia
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Si-Rhodamines are bright fluorophores with red to near-infrared (NIR) emission, and are widely used for fluorescence imaging of biological phenomena. Here, in order to extend the scope of Si-rhodamine fluorophores, we established a versatile synthesis of unsymmetrical Si-rhodamines. To illustrate its value, we used one of these new fluorophores to synthesize a far-red to NIR fluorescence probe for hypoxia, and showed that it can visualize hepatic ischemia in mice in vivo.
- Hanaoka, Kenjiro,Kagami, Yu,Piao, Wen,Myochin, Takuya,Numasawa, Koji,Kuriki, Yugo,Ikeno, Takayuki,Ueno, Tasuku,Komatsu, Toru,Terai, Takuya,Nagano, Tetsuo,Urano, Yasuteru
-
supporting information
p. 6939 - 6942
(2018/06/26)
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- Mild and efficient palladium-catalyzed direct trifluoroethylation of aromatic systems by C-H activation
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The introduction of trifluoroalkyl groups into aromatic molecules is an important transformation in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry. However, the direct installation of fluoroalkyl groups onto aromatic molecules still represents a challenging and highly demanding synthetic task. Herein, a simple trifluoroethylation process that relies on the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation of aromatic compounds is described. With the utilization of a highly active trifluoroethyl(mesityl)iodonium salt, the developed catalytic method enables the first highly efficient and selective trifluoroethylation of aromatic compounds. The robust catalytic procedure provides the desired products in up to 95 % yield at 25 °C in 1.5 to 3 hours and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. The utilization of hypervalent reagents opens new synthetic possibilities for direct alkylations and fluoroalkylations in the field of transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation.
- T?th, Balázs L.,Kovács, Szabolcs,Sályi, Gerg?,Novák, Zoltán
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supporting information
p. 1988 - 1992
(2016/02/18)
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- Lewis acid-assisted N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide-based electrophilic fluorine catalysis in Beckmann rearrangement
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A microwave-assisted N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI)/Lewis acid-catalyzed Beckmann rearrangement was developed. The remarkable promotion to the electrophilicity of NFSI by Lewis acids was illustrated utilizing a series of readily available oxime substrates. The action model between NFSI and Lewis acids was probed by control experiments and theoretical calculations.
- Xie, Fukai,Du, Chuan,Pang, Yadong,Lian, Xu,Xue, Chentao,Chen, Yanyu,Wang, Xuefei,Cheng, Maosheng,Guo, Chun,Lin, Bin,Liu, Yongxiang
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supporting information
p. 5820 - 5824
(2016/12/06)
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- One pot synthesis of phenanthridines using a palladium-catalyzed cyclization of aromatic ketoximes with aryl iodides: Via Beckmann rearrangement
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The catalytic reaction of ketoximes with aryl iodides via a Beckmann rearrangement in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(OAc)2, Ag2O and ZnBr2 gave substituted phenanthridines in good to excellent yield. In the reaction, aromatic ketoximes converted first to acetanilides in the presence of ZnBr2/TFA via a Beckmann rearrangement followed by arylation in the presence of palladium complex. Furthermore, ortho-arylated acetanilides were converted to phenanthridine derivatives in the presence of a Hendrickson reagent.
- Raju, Gajula,Guguloth, Vijayacharan,Satyanarayana, Battu
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p. 45036 - 45040
(2016/06/06)
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- Synthesis of secondary amides from N-Substituted amidines by tandem oxidative rearrangement and isocyanate elimination
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In this work an efficient tandem process transforming N-substituted amidines into secondary amides has been described. The process involves N-acylurea formation by reaction of the substrate with bis(acyloxy)(phenyl)-λ3-iodane followed by isocyanate elimination. The periodinane reagents are obtained from the commercially available phenyl-iodine(III) diacetate [PhI(OAc)2, (PIDA)] by ligand exchange with carboxylic acids. The N-substituted amidine substrates are easily synthesized from readily available nitriles. The method is applicable for secondary amide synthesis, based on both aliphatic and (hetero)aromatic amines, including challenging amides consisting of sterically hindered acids and amines. Moreover, the protocol allows one to combine steric bulk with electron deficiency in the target amides (aniline based). Such compounds are difficult to synthesize efficiently based on classical condensation reactions involving carboxylic acids and amines. Overall, the synthetic protocol transforms a nitrile into a secondary amide in both aliphatic and (hetero)aromatic systems.
- Debnath, Pradip,Baeten, Mattijs,Lefvre, Nicolas,Van Daele, Stijn,Maes, Bert U. W.
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supporting information
p. 197 - 209
(2015/03/03)
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- PHOSPHOINOSITIDE 3-KINASE INHIBITORS WITH ZINC BINDING MOIETY
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors with a zinc binding moiety. SOLUTION: There is provided a compound represented by formula (I) in the figure. (X is S, O or the like; Y is CH, N or the like; G1 is optionally substituted N or the like; R1 and R2 are each independently H or the like; C is a substituted heterocycle or the like; B is a linear alkyl or the like; Ra and Rb together with the nitrogen atom coupled to them are morpholino or the like; G2 is an indazole ring or the like; q, r and s are independently from 0 to 1, provided that at least one of them is 1; t is from 0 to 1; n is from 0 to 4; and p is from 0 to 2.) COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0295
(2016/10/07)
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- Discovery of selective N-[3-(1-methyl-piperidine-4-carbonyl)-phenyl]-benzamide-based 5-HT1F receptor agonists: Evolution from bicyclic to monocyclic cores
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Preclinical experiments and clinical observations suggest the potential effectiveness of selective 5-HT1F receptor agonists in migraine. Identifying compounds with enhanced selectivity is crucial to assess its therapeutic value. Replacement of the indole nucleus in 2 (LY334370) with a monocyclic phenyl ketone moiety generated potent and more selective 5-HT1F receptor agonists. Focused SAR studies around this central phenyl ring demonstrated that the electrostatic and steric interactions of the substituent with both the amide CONH group and the ketone C=O group play pivotal roles in affecting the adopted conformation and thus the 5-HT1F receptor selectivity. Computational studies confirmed the observed results and provide a useful tool in the understanding of the conformational requirements for 5-HT1F receptor agonist activity and selectivity. Through this effort, the 2-F-phenyl and N-2-pyridyl series were also identified as potent and selective 5-HT1F receptor agonists.
- Zhang, Deyi,Blanco, Maria-Jesus,Ying, Bai-Ping,Kohlman, Daniel,Liang, Sidney X.,Victor, Frantz,Chen, Qi,Krushinski, Joseph,Filla, Sandra A.,Hudziak, Kevin J.,Mathes, Brian M.,Cohen, Michael P.,Zacherl, Deanna,Nelson, David L.G.,Wainscott, David B.,Nutter, Suzanne E.,Gough, Wendy H.,Schaus, John M.,Xu, Yao-Chang
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p. 4337 - 4341
(2015/11/03)
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- Silica-supported boric acid catalyzed synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-2-ones, bis(indolyl)methanes, esters and amides
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Silica-supported boric acid (H3BO3-SiO2) has been established as a green, efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-2-ones, bis(indolyl)methanes, and acetylation of alcohols, phenols, amines and thiols under solvent free conditions. The main features of the present method include clean reaction, mild conditions, low loading of environment friendly catalyst and easy workup procedure. The catalyst can be recycled at least five times without any significant loss in activity.
- Kumar, Vishal,Singh, Chitra,Sharma, Upendra,Verma, Praveen K.,Singh, Bikram,Kumar, Neeraj
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- Selective palladium-catalyzed direct C-H arylation of unsubstituted N-protected pyrazoles
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A highly selective C-5 arylation of N-dimethylaminosulfamoyl-protected pyrazole with aryl bromides is catalyzed by 2-5 mol% palladium in the presence of triphenylphosphine ligand and carboxylic acid additive. Selectivities up to 45:1 (C-5:C-4) can be achieved by running the reaction in non-polar solvents. A thorough study of scope and limitations shows good general tolerance of aryl bromide substitution. However, limitations on tolerance of ortho-subsitution and protic functional groups were established. Together with a telescoped deprotection step this method presents a viable alternative for the synthesis of C-3 arylated pyrazole building blocks.
- Kumpulainen, Esa T. T.,Pohjakallio, Antti
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supporting information
p. 1555 - 1561
(2014/06/09)
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- Chemoselective N-deacetylation under mild conditions
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A mild and efficient chemoselective N-deacetylation using the Schwartz reagent at room temperature in rapid time is described. The mild and neutral conditions enable orthogonal N-deacetylation in the presence of some of the common protecting groups (viz. Boc, Fmoc, Cbz, Ts). The deprotection conditions did not induce any epimerization at the chiral amino centre.
- Sultane, Prakash R.,Mete, Trimbak B.,Bhat, Ramakrishna G.
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supporting information
p. 261 - 264
(2014/01/06)
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- A one-pot process for palladium catalyzed direct C-H acylation of anilines in water using a removable ortho directing group
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A new mild, practical method for the synthesis of aminobenzophenone derivatives through a three step one-pot reaction sequence involving acylation of anilines, palladium catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling of the formed anilides and the hydrolytic cleavage is reported. The full reaction sequence was performed under aqueous conditions.
- Szabo, Fruzsina,Simko, Daniel,Novak, Zoltan
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p. 3883 - 3886
(2014/01/06)
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- Oxidative para- Triflation of acetanilides
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Direct triflation of acetanilide derivatives with silver triflate has been accomplished under mild iodine(III)-mediated oxidative conditions. The reaction shows excellent regioselectivity for the para position and tolerates a range of ortho and meta substituents on the aromatic ring. This method is also compatible with the preparation of arylnonaflates in synthetically useful yields.
- Pialat, Amelie,Liegault, Benoit,Taillefer, Marc
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supporting information
p. 1764 - 1767
(2013/06/26)
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- Mild palladium-catalyzed oxidative direct ortho-C-H acylation of anilides under aqueous conditions
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Palladium-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling between anilides and aromatic aldehydes was achieved under aqueous conditions. A wide variety of the desired benzophenone derivatives was isolated in good to excellent yield. The reaction rate acceleration effect of acid and detergent has been demonstrated. Mechanistic insight has been obtained from quantum chemical calculations. Copyright
- Szabo, Fruzsina,Daru, Janos,Simko, Daniel,Nagy, Tibor Zs.,Stirling, Andras,Novak, Zoltan
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supporting information
p. 685 - 691
(2013/04/10)
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- PYRAZOLYL DERIVATIVES AS SYK INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides novel pyrazole derivatives of formula I which are potent inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase, and are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases mediated by said enzyme, such as asthma, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer.
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Page/Page column 100
(2014/01/09)
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- TREATMENT OF CANCERS HAVING K-RAS MUTATIONS
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The present invention provides a method of treating a cancer associated with a K-ras mutation in a subject in need thereof. The method comprises the steps of: (1) identifying a subject with a cancer associated with a K-ras mutation; and (2) administering to the subject (i) an inhibitor of PI3 kinase and (ii) an HDAC inhibitor, wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor and the HDAC inhibitor are administered in amounts which together are therapeutically effective.
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Paragraph 0332; 0333
(2013/05/08)
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- Exploitation of a Candida antarctica lipase B-catalysed in situ carboxylic acid activation method for the synthesis of acetanilides
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An efficient biocatalytic method has been developed which provides acetanilides in good yields which are otherwise inaccessible using Candida antarctica lipase B. The process exploits the enzyme-catalysed synthesis of an acyl donor and its in situ reaction with anilines. The method is potentially useful for the synthesis of bulky acetanilides since amide formation occurs through an active site-independent step.
- Lal, Samridhi,Snape, Timothy J.
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- Iron-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes as new heterogeneous and highly efficient catalyst for acylation of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and amines under solvent-free conditions
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Iron-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe/SWCNTs) represent an efficient and new heterogeneous reusable catalyst for the acylation of a variety of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and amines with acid chlorides or acid anhydrides under solvent-free conditions. The reactions of various primary, secondary, tertiary, and benzylic alcohols, diols, phenols, as well as aromatic and aliphatic amines give acylated adducts in good to excellent yields.
- Sharghi, Hashem,Jokar, Mahboubeh,Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi
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experimental part
p. 426 - 442
(2011/04/15)
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- TREATMENT OF CANCERS HAVING K-RAS MUTATIONS
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The present invention provides a method of treating a cancer associated with a K- ras mutation in a subject in need thereof. The method comprises the steps of (1) identifying a subject with a cancer associated with a K-ras mutation; and (2) adminsiterign to the subject (i) an inhibitor of PI3 kinase and (ii) an HDAC inhibitor, wherein the PI3 kinase inhibitor and the HDAC inhibitor are administered in amounts which together are therapeutically effective.
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Page/Page column 168-169
(2011/11/01)
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- Synthetic studies connected with the preparation of N-[3-(3- cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl]-N-ethylacetamide, a zaleplon regioisomer
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N-[3-(3-Cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl]-N-ethyl-acetamide, a principal impurity of zaleplon, is prepared by Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction of the corresponding boronic acid and/or boronates with 5-chloropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-carbonitrile (7). Various methods of preparation of both components are described, as well as approaches based on the final modification of the 5-(3-aminophenyl)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3- carbonitrile moiety prepared by Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. All the prepared compounds were unambiguouesly identified by NMR techniques. Spectral characteristics (IR, UV, MS) of these compounds are also given.
- Radl, Stanislav,Blahovcova, Michaela,Tkadlecova, Marcela,Havlicek, Jaroslav
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experimental part
p. 1359 - 1376
(2010/10/20)
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- Synthesis of symmetric dinitro-functionalised troeger's base analogues
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The synthesis of six new examples of 2,8-dinitro-substituted Troeger's base analogues are reported, together with the first examples of 1,7-, 3,9- and 4,10-dinitro Troeger's base analogues and the first example of a tetranitro Troeger's base compound. Several of these dinitro compounds lack substituents at the 2- and 8-positions and therefore provide further examples of Troeger's base analogues derived from anilines lacking a para substituent.
- Bhuiyan, M Delower H,Mahon, Andrew B.,Jensen, Paul,Clegg, Jack K.,Try, Andrew C.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 687 - 698
(2009/07/17)
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- Aminations of aryl bromides in water at room temperature
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Unsymmetrical di- and triarylamines can be formed under green chemistry conditions, taking advantage of micellar catalysis leading to palladium-catalyzed aminations at ambient temperatures in water as the only medium.
- Lipshutz, Bruce H.,Chung, David W.,Rich, Brian
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1717 - 1721
(2011/03/20)
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