- A study on the cataluminescence of propylene oxide on FeNi layered double hydroxides/graphene oxide
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In this work, FeNi layered double hydroxides/graphene oxide (FeNi LDH/GO) was prepared, which exhibits excellent selective cataluminescent performance towards propylene oxide. The selectivity and sensitivity of the cataluminescence (CTL) reaction were investigated in detail. Moreover, the catalytic reaction mechanism, including the intermediate products and the conversion of reactants to products, was discussed based on both the experimental and computational results. Furthermore, the proposed FeNi LDH/GO based CTL sensor was successfully applied for the determination of propylene oxide residue in fumigated raisins, which indicates extensive application potential for rapid food safety evaluation.
- Li, Ming,Hu, Yufei,Li, Gongke
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p. 11823 - 11830
(2021/07/11)
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- PREPARATION OF DIESTERS OF (METH)ACRYLIC ACID FROM EPOXIDES
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The application relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylic acid diester by reacting a (meth)acrylic acid anhydride with an epoxide in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a first and/or second catalyst in combination with a co-catalyst. The first catalyst is a halide of Mg or a trifluoromethanesulfonate of a rare earth element; the second catalyst is a Cr(lll) salt; and the co- catalyst is a tertiary amine, a quaternary ammonium salt, a tertiary phosphine or a quaternary phosphonium salt.
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Page/Page column 23
(2020/03/05)
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- Homogeneous and silica-supported zinc complexes for the synthesis of propylene carbonate from propane-1,2-diol and carbon dioxide
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Three organozinc complexes have been synthesised and found to catalyse the carbonylation of propylene glycol with carbon dioxide to form propylene carbonate. A similar tethered organozinc complex was supported onto high loading aminopropyl functionalised hexagonal mesoporous silica and was also found to be catalytically active.
- Comerford, James W.,Hart, Sam J.,North, Michael,Whitwood, Adrian C.
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p. 4824 - 4831
(2016/07/11)
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- Acyl transfer reactions of carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols under green reaction conditions
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Acyl transfer reactions of various carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols were achieved at room temperature in high yields and catalytic efficiency in the presence of methane sulfonic acid, a green organic acid, under solvent-free conditions over short time periods. The method is mild enough to allow acid labile substituents such as isopropylidene acetals and trityl ethers on the reacting substrates to be left completely unaffected. Esterification of free mono- and dicarboxylic acids such as acetic acid, cinnamic acid, sialic acid and tartaric acid with alcohols such as menthol, ethanol, methanol or propylene glycol has also been achieved efficiently at room temperature. A comparative study of the method with the silica-sulfuric acid is also reported.
- Giri, Santosh Kumar,Kartha, K. P. Ravindranathan
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p. 11687 - 11696
(2015/02/19)
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- Zinc-catalyzed depolymerization of polyethers to produce valuable building blocks
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The recycling of polymers continues to be a significant matter for a sustainable society. In particular, the conversion of end-of-life polymers to monomers or suitable low-molecular weight chemicals creates a feedstock for new high-quality polymeric materials and contributes to conserve resources and allow overall an efficient waste-managing system. In the present study, we have set up a straightforward methodology for the depolymerization of artificial polyethers applying cheap and abundant zinc( II) salts as precatalysts. In the presence of bio-based fatty acid chlorides as depolymerization reagent well-defined chloroesters were accessible in good to excellent yields. Moreover, acetic anhydride and fatty acids were applied as depolymerization reagents resulting in the formation of diacetates in moderate yields. In both cases the obtained products (chloroesters, diacetates) can be useful building blocks in polymerization chemistry. Noteworthy, overall a recycling of polyethers are possible. Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014.
- Enthaler, Stephan
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p. 850 - 859
(2014/06/23)
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- Method of Synthesizing Polyol Acetate by Using Catalyst of Ionic Liquid Heteropoly Acid
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The present invention uses a nitrogen-containing organic compound to be reacted with an alkyl sultone to obtain a zwitterion compound. The zwitterion compound is reacted with a heteropoly acid (HPA) to obtain an ionic liquid HPA (IL-HPA). The IL-HPA is used for acetylation of polyol and HOAc for obtaining polyol acetate. The IL used in the reaction can be recycled. Thus, problems of product separation, waste acid handling, and corrosion of facilities are solved and production through esterification is improved with a green catalysis.
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Paragraph [0032]; [0039]
(2013/05/09)
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- Novel double-SO3h functionalized ionic liquid for acetylation
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Novel double-SO3H functionalized ionic liquid (DFIL) was synthesized and its catalytic activities for acetylation studied. The result showed that the DFIL possess high acidity and was very efficient for the acetylation of alcohols, amines and phenols with good to excellent yields in short reaction times. Operational simplicity, stability to water and air, small amounts needed, low cost, high yields, high acidity, applicability to large-scale reactions and reusability are the key features of the DFIL, which indicated promising applications of DFIL in green chemical processes. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2012.
- Zhu, Lili,Liang, Xuezheng
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p. 684 - 688
(2013/02/23)
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- MAKEUP COMPOSITION
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Composition for making up keratin fibres, such as eyelashes or eyebrows, having improved makeup-removing properties, containing in a continuous aqueous phase: an aqueous dispersion of a particular polyurethane present in an amount of solids greater than or equal to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of said composition, andsaid composition comprising an emulsifying system comprising less than 2% by weight of triethanolamine.
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- SbCl3 as a highly efficient catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols, phenols, and amines under solvent-free conditions
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Antimony trichloride has been found to be an efficient and expedient catalyst for the acylation of alcohols, phenols, amines, and sugars with acetic anhydride in high yields and in a short reaction time under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. Also, racemization of chiral alcohols and epimerization of sugars were not observed in any of the substrates. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Bhattacharya, Asish K.,Diallo, Mamadou A.,Ganesh, Krishna N.
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p. 1518 - 1526
(2008/09/20)
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- An imidazolium tosylate salt as efficient and recyclable catalyst for acetylation in an ionic liquid
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A novel non-metallic salt, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate ([bmim][OTs]) dissolved in the ambient temperature ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]), was found to be the efficient catalyst for acetylation with the advantages of good recyclability, avoidance of metal contamination, mild reaction conditions, and wide availability for substrates (alcohols, phenols, and amines), could completely replace organic bases, metal Lewis acids, or metallic triflates to fulfill acetylation by a nucleophilic catalytic mechanism, which was supported by 13C NMR analysis.
- Liu, Ye,Liu, Lu,Lu, Yong,Cai, Yue-Qin
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experimental part
p. 633 - 638
(2009/08/07)
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- Cobalt(II)-catalyzed direct acetylation of alcohols with acetic acid
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Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2·6H2O) efficiently catalyzes the acetylation of alcohols with AcOH in high yields. This protocol is also effective with other carboxylic acids, trifluoroacetic acid, propanoic acid, phenylacetic acid and benzoic acid, affording the corresponding acylated products in moderate to good yields. Removal of water is not necessary in these reactions. The catalyst can be filtered and recycled without loss of activity.
- Velusamy, Subbarayan,Borpuzari, Sarbani,Punniyamurthy
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p. 2011 - 2015
(2007/10/03)
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- Efficient chemoselective liquid phase acylation of amines, alcohols and bifunctional compounds over ZSM-35
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ZSM-35, is a medium pore zeolite, has been synthesized using ethylene diamine as organic template. The catalyst is used in the acylation of different amines, alcohols and bifunctional compounds. This material is found to be active and selective acid catalyst, exhibits not only very good activity but also very high chemo-selectivity towards monoacylation of bifunctional compounds. This material is more reactive for smaller organic compounds because of its pore dimension. In case of bifunctional compounds like amino alcohols, amines are selectively acylated at lower temperature.
- Srivastava,Venkatathri
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p. 888 - 891
(2007/10/03)
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- Adrenaline profiling of lipases and esterases with 1,2-diol and carbohydrate acetates
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The adrenaline test for enzymes is a general back-titration procedure to detect 1,2-diols, 1,2-aminoalcohols and α-hydroxyketones reaction products of enzyme catalysis by colorimetry. The method was used to profile a series of esterases and lipases for their esterolytic activity on a series of carbohydrate and polyol acetates. Substrates were prepared by peracetylation and used for parallel microtiter-plate analysis of enzyme activities. This method can be used to achieve a rapid and automated characterization of a set of enzymes during HTS screening.
- Wahler, Denis,Boujard, Olivier,Lefèvre, Fabrice,Reymond, Jean-Louis
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p. 703 - 710
(2007/10/03)
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- Reactions on a Solid Surface. A Simple, Economical, and Efficient Acylation of Alcohols, Amines over Al2O3
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Al2O3 brings about a rapid acylation of a range of alcohols and amines with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides, respectively. Amines are easily Boc- and Cbz-protected on reaction with Boc-anhydride and Cbz-Cl, respectively. The acylation of phenols is slow enough to allow chemoselective acylation of alcohols and amines in the presence of phenols.
- Yadav, Veejendra K.,Babu, K. Ganesh
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p. 577 - 580
(2007/10/03)
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- Yttria-zirconia based Lewis acid: An efficient and chemoselective catalyst for acylation reactions
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Yttria-zirconia based strong Lewis acid efficiently catalyzes acylation of alcohols, amines and thiols under environmentally safe, heterogeneous reaction conditions with high selectivity and in excellent yields.
- Kumar,Pandey,Bodas,Dongare
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p. 206 - 209
(2007/10/03)
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- Ring opening of cyclic ethers by sulfuric acid - Acetic anhydride
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Cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran were easily cleaved at room temperature by sulfuric acid - acetic anhydride providing the corresponding diacetoxyalkanes in good yield. The ring opening was applicable to saturated cyclic ethers, regardless of the presence of substituent groups.
- Tanoue,Hamada,Kai,Nagai,Sakata,Hashimoto,Morishita
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p. 1351 - 1353
(2007/10/03)
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- Process for the production of 1,2-bis (acyloxylates)
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A process for the preparation of 1,2-bis(acyloxyates) comprises acylation of epoxides with carboxylic anhydrides in the presence of a catalytic composition containing a tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid. Preferably, the carboxylic acid is a conjugate acid of the carboxylic anhydride. The carboxylic acid acts as a co-catalyst and its use in conjunction with the tertiary amine significantly increases the rate of reaction and results in higher selectivity. The catalytic composition may be prepared prior to acylation or in situ providing application versatility.
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- Preparation of glycol diesters from polyethers
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A process for making glycol diesters from polyethers is disclosed. The polyether is reacted with an acyclic, aliphatic anhydride in the presence of a Lewis acid to produce the glycol diester. The invention provides a way to reuse polyether polyols recovered from polyurethanes by converting them to readily purified glycol diesters. The diesters are useful as solvents and as chemical intermediates.
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- Lipase-Catalyzed Enantiomer Selective Hydrolysis of 1,2-Diol Diacetates
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Enantiomer selective hydrolysis of racemic 1,2-diol diacetates (rac-2a-h) was investigated by using the inexpensive commercial porcine pancreatic lipase.The hydrolysis proceeds with variable regioselectivity but with moderate to good enantioselectivity yielding a mixture of isomeric monoacetates (3a-h and 4a-h) and unchanged diacetate enantiomers (2a-h).Evidence was found that both monoacetates (3a-h and 4a-h) are formed with the same sense of enantiomer selectivity.
- Poppe, Laszlo,Novak, Lajos,Kajtar-Peredy, Maria,Szantay, Csaba
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p. 2211 - 2218
(2007/10/02)
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- THE SOLUBILITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN SOME ACETIC ACID ESTERS
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The absorption of carbon dioxide in organic solvents containing acetyl groups (ethylene glycol diacetate, diethylene glycol diacetate, triethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, 1,4-butanediol diacetate, glycerol triacetate and β-phenyl acetate) is studied. Bunsen absorption coefficients in the range of 5 to 50 atm and at 25 deg C are obtained. Some considerations about the correlation between absorptive capacity and the molecular structure of these organic compounds are presented.
- Vilcu, Rodica,Gainar, Ion,Maior, Ovidiu,Anitescu, Gheorghe
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p. 875 - 878
(2007/10/03)
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- Preparation of Carboxylate Esters of Polyhydric Alcohols by Using a Sulfonated Charcoal Catalyst
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Ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2-diol, butane-1,4-diol and propane-1,2,3-triol are readily esterified by carboxylic acids in near quantitative yields in the presence of a sulfonated charcoal catalyst.
- Prager, Rolf H.,Yurui, Zhang
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p. 1003 - 1005
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for preparing propylene oxide
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Propylene oxide is prepared from a propylene glycol diester by hydrolyzing the propylene glycol diester at least partially to the corresponding hydroxyester and eliminating carboxylic acid from the hydroxyester. The propylene glycol diester has been produced by reacting a 1,2-dihalogenopropane with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a carboxylic acid within a single phase reaction medium comprising an organic liquid reaction diluent wherein the inorganic salt formed during the reaction is insoluble.
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- Acetyl transfer reactions on AlPO4-Al2O3
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An efficient acetylation of alcohols and aliphatic amines promoted by the AlPO4-Al2O3/ethyl acetate system is described.The solid catalist acts, at least in part, as the acetyl carrier.
- Costa, Antonio,Riego, Juan Martin
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p. 2327 - 2328
(2007/10/02)
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- Reactions of Tin Tetraacetate with Glycols
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The reactions of tin tetraacetate with different glycols, G(OH)2 in equimolar ratio lead to the formation of an insoluble polymeric solid which corresponds mainly to the formula along with a small amount of the corresponding glycol diacetate (AcOGOAc).The reactions in 1:2 molar ratio yield insoluble polymers corresponding to .The reaction of tin tetraacetate with pinacol, on the other hand, yields tin diacetate monopinacolate and tin dipinacolate respectively.
- Vasanta, E.N.,Srivastava, G.,Mehrotra, R. C.
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p. 983 - 984
(2007/10/02)
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- Method for preparing glycol esters
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An improved method for making glycol monoesters and diesters of carboxylic acid by the reaction of an olefin and oxygen in the presence of a carboxylic acid and a catalyst, wherein said catalyst includes a compound of a metal of groups IVB - VIIB having an atomic number between 40 and 42 inclusive or between 72 and 75 inclusive, i.e. zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, or rhenium.
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- Preparation of glycol esters
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An improved process for preparing glycol esters by reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of a carboxylic acid or an inert medium containing a carboxylic acid is described in which the improvement comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a composite catalyst composed of or containing A. a compound of boron, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus or a combination thereof, and B. a compound of iron, copper or a combination thereof.
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