- Polyethylene glycol chain connected dication ionic liquid and preparation method thereof, and SO2 gas trapping method
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The invention discloses a polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain connected dication ionic liquid and a preparation method thereof, and an SO2 trapping method. According to the PEG chain linked dication ionicliquid, an ionic liquid composition comprises an anion and a cation; the cation is described in the specification, wherein R is CmH2m+1, m is an integer, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than orequal to 10, and n is an integer and is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 12. A PEG chain is connected with two imidazole or imidazole analogue biimidazole cations to be matched with different types of anions to form the stable and low-toxicity PEG chain connected functional dication ionic liquid, and the PEG chain connected functional dication ionic liquid is used for SO2 treatment, so that an efficient and reversible absorption effect can be achieved.
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Paragraph 0035; 0037; 0045; 0048; 0049; 0052; 0053
(2020/02/14)
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- Crown ether type ionic liquid based on imidazole, benzimidazole and their derivatives
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The invention discloses a crown ether type ionic liquid based on imidazole, benzimidazole and their derivatives. Cations of the crown ether type ionic liquid are imidazole, benzimidazole and their derivatives; anions include neutral or alkaline mononuclear and multinuclear anions; the mononuclear anions include Cl-, Br-, BF4-, PF6-, CF3COO-, CF3SO2-, (CF3SO2)N- and OH-; the multinuclear anions include AlCl4-, FeCl3- CuCl3- and AuCl4-. In some reactions, the crown ether type ionic liquid has the advantages of high reaction rate, high conversion rate, high reaction selectivity, reusability of acatalytic system and the like. In addition, the crown ether type ionic liquid also has a potential application prospect in terms of solvent extraction, separation and purification of matters, recycling of waste macromolecular compounds, fuel cells and solar cells, extraction of industrial waste gas, dissolution of geological samples, separation and treatment of nuclear fuels and nuclear wastes andthe like.
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Paragraph 0072; 0073; 0074-0079
(2019/06/30)
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- Lead(ii) tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate complexes with crown ethers, mixed O/S- and O/Se-donor macrocycles and unusual [BF4] - and [PF6]- coordination
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The reaction of Pb[BF4]2 in H2O/MeCN solution with the macrocycle 18-crown-6 gave the dinuclear complex [{Pb(18-crown-6)(H2O)(μ2-BF4)} 2][BF4]2, containing two nine-coordinate lead centres, each bound to all six oxygens of a crown ligand, one water molecule and bridged by two μ2-BF4 groups. In contrast, the oxa-thia crown [18]aneO4S2 gave the mononuclear [Pb([18]aneO4S2)(H2O)2(BF 4)][BF4] in which the lead is coordinated O 4S2 within the puckered ring of the macrocycle, and with two water molecules on one side of the plane and a chelating (κ2) BF4- on the other. The [Pb([18]aneO4Se2)(BF4)2] has the two BF4- groups arranged mutually cis and with the macrocycle folded; within each BF4- group the Pb-F distances differ by ～0.5 A, producing a very unsymmetrical chelate. The 15-membered ring macrocycles 15-crown-5 and [15]aneO3S2 produce sandwich complexes [Pb(macrocycle)2][BF4]2 which contain 10-coordinate lead centres. Pb[PF6]2 in H2O/MeCN solution formed [Pb(18-crown-6)(H2O) 2(PF6)][PF6] and [Pb([18]aneO4S 2)(H2O)2(PF6)][PF6] which contain weak κ2-coordination of the PF6- group on the opposite side of the macrocyclic ring to two coordinated water molecules, giving 10-coordinate lead. In contrast, [Pb([18]aneO 4Se2)(PF6)2] has two κ2-coordinated PF6- groups disposed cis, with a very folded macrocycle conformation. In [Pb(18-crown-6)(NO 3)(PF6)] a chelating nitrate group occupies the coordination sites at Pb(ii) instead of the two water molecules, and the weakly coordinating PF6- group is tridentate. The crystal structures of the lead nitrate complexes, [Pb(15-crown-5)(NO3) 2] and [Pb([18]aneO4Se2)(NO3) 2], containing nine- and 10-coordinate lead respectively, are also reported. In solution the complexes are labile, and both conductivity and 19F NMR spectroscopic studies show the BF4- and PF6- groups are dissociated, whereas in the nitrate complexes the anion coordination is retained in solution. The identification of the coordination modes of the NO3- and BF4 - groups in the solid complexes by IR spectroscopy is discussed. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
- Farina, Paolo,Latter, Thomas,Levason, William,Reid, Gillian
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p. 4714 - 4724
(2013/05/09)
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- Synthesis and characterization of new vic-dioximes with benzo-15-crown-5 derivatives and their nickel(II), copper(II), cobalt(II) complexes
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Benzo-15-crown-5-p-toluidino-glyoxime (1) and N(1-naphthyl)amino-benzo-15- crown-5-glyoxime (2) were synthesized by classical methods. Their structures were confirmed by spectral techniques. Both of them were capable of forming complexes with various metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+ and Ni 2+). The structure of the complexes was confirmed by FT-IR, mass spectra and elemental analyses.
- Battaloglu, Rifat,Pekacar, A. Ihsan,Yildiz, Y. Kemal
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body text
p. 2377 - 2379
(2012/08/27)
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- Studies on the photochemical behavior of N-salicylidenaniline in chloroform
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An N-salicylidenaniline (SA), compound 1 with 15-crown-5 moiety, was synthesized. The time-dependent NMR was used to track its photochromic process. The experimental results showed that ultraviolet irradiation would lead compound 1 to decompose into the corresponding salicylaldehyde and amine in chloroform solution, instead of experiencing a photochromic process. By the same method, the reported photochromic results of other SAs were also corrected.
- Zhao, Liyan,Xia, Wujiong,Gou, Baoquan,Lu, Yu,Yang, Chao,Li, Dazhi
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supporting information; scheme or table
p. 199 - 203
(2012/08/08)
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- Synthesis and radical polymerisation of methacrylic monomers with crown ethers or their dipodal counterparts in the pendant structure
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The synthesis and radical polymerisation of methacrylic monomers with benzo-12-crown-4, benzo-15-crown-5, benzo-18-crown-6, and their dipodal counterparts in the ester residue is described. The radical polymerisation of the monomers in solution was carried out at different temperatures, and the polymerisation kinetics curves were obtained by direct measurement of the instantaneous monomer concentrations by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Thus, the polymerisation rate parameter (2fkp/〈k t〉1/2), along with the polymer stereoregularity, were obtained in terms of the molar fractions of meso and racemo diads and of syndiotactic, isotactic and heterotactic triads. The interaction of the polymers with cations was studied using polymer networks as solid phases in the solid-liquid extraction of lanthanide cations from both organic and aqueous media.
- Rey, Jimena,Garcia, Felix Clemente,Garcia, Jose Miguel
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scheme or table
p. 948 - 957
(2012/03/27)
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- Ionic liquid type crown ether derivatives, method for preparing the same and method for isolating metal ions using the same
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Disclosed relates to an ionic liquid type crown ether derivative, expressed by Chemical Formula 1 below, for isolating metal ions, a method for preparing the same and a method for isolating selectively the metal ions using the cycle size of the same. The present invention can provide the ionic liquid type crown ether and isolate metal ions including radioactive isotopes efficiently using the same. Furthermore, the prevent invention provides crown ether valuably used as a recyclable and environment-friendly isolating medium by preparing crown ether of ionic liquid type. wherein m, n, X? and R are identical with those in the description.
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Page/Page column 7
(2008/06/13)
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- Discovering potassium channel blockers from synthetic compound database by using structure-based virtual screening in conjunction with electrophysiological assay
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Potassium ion (K+) channels are attractive targets for drug discovery because of the essential roles played in biological systems. However, high-throughput screening (HTS) cannot be used to screen K+ channel blockers. To overcome this disadvantage of HTS, we have developed a virtual screening approach for discovering novel blockers of K+ channels. On the basis of a three-dimensional model of the eukaryotic K+ channels, molecular docking-based virtual screening was employed to search the chemical database MDL Available Chemicals Directory (ACD). Compounds were ranked according to their relative binding energy, favorable shape complementarity, and potential to form hydrogen bonds with the outer mouth of the K+ channel model. Twenty candidate compounds selected from the virtual screening were examined using the whole-cell voltage-clamp recording in rat dissociated hippocampal neurons. Among them, six compounds (5, 6, 8, 18-20) potently blocked both the delayed rectifier (IK) and fast transient K+ currents (IA). When applied externally, these six compounds preferentially blocked IK with potencies 2- to 500-fold higher than that of tetraethylammonium chloride. Intracellular application of the six compounds had no effect on both K+ currents. In addition, the interaction models and binding free energy calculations demonstrated that hydrophobic interaction and solvent effects play important roles in the inhibitory activities of these compounds. The results demonstrated that structure-based computer screening strategy could be used to identify novel, structurally diverse compounds targeting the pore binding pocket of the outer mouth of voltage-gated K+ channels. This study provides an alternative way of finding new blockers of voltage-gated K+ channels, while the techniques for high-throughput screening of K+ channel drugs remain in development.
- Liu, Hong,Gao, Zhao-Bing,Yao, Zhiyi,Zheng, Suxin,Li, Yang,Zhu, Weiliang,Tan, Xiaojian,Luo, Xiaomin,Shen, Jianhua,Chen, Kaixian,Hu, Guo-Yuan,Jiang, Hualiang
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- Establishment of an efficient synthetic route to 3,4:3′,4′-bis(3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-dioxy)benzil
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3,4:3′,4′-Bis(3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-dioxy)benzil (1) [bis(crown ether)benzil] was prepared by three different routes in which the third route C, including the method of Sonogashira-coupling, was the most efficient method with the overall yield of 50%. Further, the method of synthesizing the novel compound 3,4:3′,4′-bis[3,4-(3,6,9-trioxaundecane-1,11-dioxy)]benzoin (6) [bis(crown ether)benzoin], which has not yet been prepared appropriately, was also provided.
- Kimura, Masaru,Shi, Kun,Hashimoto, Koji,Hu, Zhi Zhi
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p. 2375 - 2380
(2007/10/03)
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- Ionic liquid-type crown ether as a novel medium for a liquid/liquid extraction of radioactive metal ion85Sr2+
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1,13-Dichloro-4,7,10-trioxatridecane (2-[2-(1-chloro-2-ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl chloride) (3a) was synthesized by a chlorination of 1,13-dihydroxy-4,7,10- trioxatridecane (triethylene glycol). And it was treated with imidazole and sodium ethoxide to give the 1N,1N′(oxoethylene)-diimidazole (3b), which was then converted to ionic liquid-type crown ether (ILCE) 3 with a reaction with 1,9-dichloro-3,6-trioxaoctane (2a). Further, the anion of ILCE was exchanged by an anion-exchange method. Ultimately, we developed a very efficient synthetic pathway for ILCEs 1-4 which have various physical and chemical characteristics by a modification of the polyethylene glycol chain length and anions. 85Sr2+ was successfully extracted into the [(3,2)OEtIm][Cl] (3) phase, but it was not extracted into the [(2,2)OEtIm][Cl] (1), [(3,3)OEtIm][Cl] (2), and [(4,3)OEtIm][Cl] (4) phases. Copyright
- Sang, Hyun Park,Dorjnamjin, Demberelnyamba,Seung, Ho Jang,Myung, Woo Byun
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p. 1024 - 1025
(2007/10/03)
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- Crosslinked polysaccharide, obtained by crosslinking with substituted polyethylene glycol, as superabsorbant
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New crosslinked polysaccharides useful as absorbents or superabsorbents alone or in a mixture are obtained by reacting polysaccharides (preferably containing carboxylates groups) with at least one crosslinker selected in the group constituted by activated polyethylene glycols such as for example halogenated (Cl, Br, I), mesylated, tosylated, or triflated activated polyethylene glycols.
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- A safe and efficient procedure to prepare alkyl and alkoxyalkyl chlorides and dichlorides by catalytic decomposition of the corresponding alkyl and alkoxyalkyl chloroformates and bischloroformates with hexabutylguanidinium chloride
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Small amounts of hexabutylguanidinium chloride (0.01 mol%) decomposes pure chloroformates or bischloroformates with different lengths of carbon chains by a semicontinuous process to diminish run-away risk, leading to chloride compounds with high yield and purity.
- Violleau,Thiebaud,Borredon,Le Gars
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p. 367 - 373
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and ionic properties of nematic compounds bearing an ether- crown moiety: An NMR approach
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Thermotropic ionic nematics with moderate transition temperatures are obtained by dissolving alkali metal salts within nematogens bearing a crown ether moiety; in these media, the ions show a significant 'apparent ionic order' as measured by quadrupolar N
- Leblanc,Berdague,Rault,Bayle,Judeinstein
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p. 1291 - 1292
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of podands bearing aromatic end groups and complex formation with tropylium tetrafluoroborate in 1,2-dichloroethane
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A series of podands bearing phenyl, naphthyl and anthryl end groups were prepared and characterized. UV-visible spectrophotometry was used to investigate the host-guest chemistry of the podands in complexation with tropylium tetrafluoroborate in 1,2-dichloroethane. The results, are discussed and compared with those for previously studied systems containing crown ethers. The stability constants for these open-chain polyethers are in the range 5,1-8,4 dm3 mol-1, except for the podand having anthryl end groups [1,12 bis(anthryl-9)-2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane], which gives a 10-fold increase in the stability constant. Copyright
- Laemsae, Markku,Raitamaa, Kirsi,Pursiainen, Jouni
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p. 557 - 563
(2007/10/03)
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- Difunctional derivatives of bis(m-phenylene)- 32-crown-10
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Optimization studies of the condensation of methyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate (1) with tetra(ethylene glycol) dichloride (3) resulted in improvement of the yield of the 1 + 1 cyclization product, 5-carbomethoxy-m-phenylene-16-crown-5 (5), to 67% (HPLC), but no improvement in the yield (28%, HPLC) of the desired 2+2 product, bis(5-carbomethoxy-m-phenylene)-32-crown-10 (4). However, after optimization, a two-step procedure provided improved yields of 4 and this procedure was generalized to afford other difunctional monomers. Condensation of substituted resorcinols with 3 and subsequent transformations yielded substituted (R) 3,5-bis(11-chloro-3,6,9-trioxaundecyl-oxy)benzenes (7, 9-14). Reaction of dihalides 7 (R = COOCH3), 13 (R = CHO), and 12 (R = CH2OSi(Me)2-t-Bu) with methyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate (1) produced bis(5-carbomethoxy-m-phenylene)-32-crown-10 (4) (43%), 5-carbomethoxy-m-phenylene-5′-formyl-m′-phenylene-32-crown-10 (15) (32%), and the lactone (16a) (18%, derived from the initially formed 5-hydroxymethyl-m-phenylene-5′-carbomethoxy-m′-phenylene-32-crown-10 (16)), respectively. Subsequent reactions gave the corresponding diacid (17), bis(hydroxymethyl) (19), bis(bromomethyl) (20), diacetyl (18), diformyl (21), bis(p-nitrophenoxymethyl) (22), and di(acetoxymethyl) (23) derivatives.
- Gibson, Harry W.,Nagvekar, Devdatt S.
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p. 1375 - 1384
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and metal-binding properties of novel "fullerenocrowns"
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"Fullerenocrowns" in which C60 carbons are directly included as a ring member in the crown ring were synthesized for the first time; the UV-Vis absorption spectra were sensitively changed by the addition of metal and ammonium cations.
- Ikeda, Atsushi,Fukuhara, Chie,Shinkai, Seiji
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p. 407 - 408
(2007/10/03)
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- Ionic conduction of lithium and magnesium salts within laminar arrays in a smectic liquid-crystal polymer electrolyte
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Three polymers having the structure shown below where R = -C16H33 or -C12H25 and n = 5 or 6 (coded C16O5, C16O6 and C12O6), have been synthesised and their complexes with LiClO4, LiBF4, LiC
- Dias, Felix B.,Batty, Simon V.,Ungar, Goran,Voss, Jonathan P.,Wright, Peter V.
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p. 2599 - 2606
(2007/10/03)
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- The synthesis of novel crown ethers. Part I. Coumarin derivatives of crown ethers
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The synthesis and structural characterisation of coumarin derivatives of some macrocyclic ethers was reported. They were obtained from 1,2,3-trihydroxy and 1,2,4-trihydroxyphenols by reacting with ketoesters. The reaction of dihydroxy coumarins with dichlorides of polyglycols in potassium carbonate/DMF/water afforded the crown ethers in good yields.
- Bulut,Erk
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p. 1259 - 1263
(2007/10/02)
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- Chiral Biphenyl Bis(crown ethers): Synthesis and Resolution
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New chiral bis(crown ethers) with a central 2,2',6,6'-tetraoxybiphenyl unit have been prepared and resolved.Their complexing properties and absolute configuration are discussed.
- Lindsten, Goeran,Wennerstroem, Olof,Isaksson, Roland
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p. 547 - 554
(2007/10/02)
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- Metal-assisted Reactions. Part 17. Ring-opening and Dimerization of Cyclic Ethers by Titanium Halides
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Reaction of TiCl4 or TiBr4 with a variety of cyclic ethers gives, predominantly, products resulting from simple ring-opening or from ring-opening with simultaneous condensation to dimeric species.The variations in yields of these two kinds of products might be correlated qualitatively with an initial formation of the complex TiX4*2E (X = Cl or Br; E = cyclic ether) in which the ethers were held in a cis or trans relationship.Although such a correlation might suggest that TiCl4 but not TiBr4 exerts a template effect on the condensation, stereochemical considerations of the reaction products indicate otherwise.TiCl3 and VCl3 do not give similar results and TiF4 gives no reaction.
- Delaney, Paul A.,Johnstone, Robert A. W.,Entwistle, Ian D.
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p. 1855 - 1860
(2007/10/02)
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- 1,4,7-Trioxa-10-azacyclododecane and Some N-Substituted Derivatives; Synthesis and Cation Complexing
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Primary amines condense with 1,11-diiodo-3,6,9-trioxaundecane in acetonitrile solution containing dispersed Na2CO3 to give N-substituted derivatives of monoaza-12-crown-4, including several directly appended with an additional donor group.The unsubstituted azacrown and the N-methyl derivative were obtained from the N-benzyl derivative.The alkali cation complexing properties were studied by 13C NMR spectroscopy.It was found that the presence of an additional donor atom in the side-chain suppresses the formation of 2:1 in favour of 1:1 complexes.
- Calverley, Martin J.,Dale, Johannes
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p. 241 - 248
(2007/10/02)
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- Polyether derivatives
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Polyether derivatives are provided having the formula STR1 wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 are the same or different and are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, lower alkyl or cyano; R3 and R4 are the same or different and are hydrogen, halogen or together represent =O; and n is 1 to 5. These compounds are useful as coccidiostats and anti-inflammatory agents.
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