- Dopamine D4 ligands and models of receptor activation: 2-(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazole and related heteroarylmethylarylpiperazines exhibit a substituent effect responsible for additional efficacy tuning.
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A series of subtype selective dopamine D(4) receptor ligands from the hetroarylmethylphenylpiperazine class have been discovered that exhibit a remarkable structure-activity relationship (SAR), revealing a substituent effect in which regiosubstitution on the terminal arylpiperazine ring can modulate functional or intrinsic activity. Other structure-dependent efficacy studies in the dopamine D(4) field have suggested a critical interaction of the heteroarylmethyl moiety with specific protein microdomains in controlling intrinsic activity. Our studies indicate that for some binding orientations, the phenylpiperazine moiety also plays a key role in determining efficacy. These data also implicate a kinetic or efficiency term, contained within measured functional affinities for agonists, which support a sequential binding and conformational stabilization model for receptor activation. The structural similarity between partial agonist and antagonist, within this subset of ligands, and lack of bioisosterism for this substituent effect are key phenomena for these hypotheses.
- Stewart, Andrew O,Cowart, Marlon D,Moreland, Robert B,Latshaw, Steve P,Matulenko, Mark A,Bhatia, Pramila A,Wang, Xueqing,Daanen, Jerome F,Nelson, Sherry L,Terranova, Marc A,Namovic, Marian T,Donnelly-Roberts, Diana L,Miller, Loan N,Nakane, Masaki,Sullivan, James P,Brioni, Jorge D
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Read Online
- N?-Acryloyllysine Piperazides as Irreversible Inhibitors of Transglutaminase 2: Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Pharmacokinetic Profiling
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Transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2)-catalyzed transamidation represents an important post-translational mechanism for protein modification with implications in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including fibrotic and neoplastic processes. Consequently, this enzyme is considered a promising target for the diagnosis of and therapy for these diseases. In this study, we report on the synthesis and kinetic characterization of N?-acryloyllysine piperazides as irreversible inhibitors of TGase 2. Systematic structural modifications on 54 new compounds were performed with a major focus on fluorine-bearing substituents due to the potential of such compounds to serve as radiotracer candidates for positron emission tomography. The determined inhibitory activities ranged from 100 to 10?000 M-1 s-1, which resulted in comprehensive structure-activity relationships. Structure-activity correlations using various substituent parameters accompanied by covalent docking studies provide an advanced understanding of the molecular recognition for this inhibitor class within the active site of TGase 2. Selectivity profiling of selected compounds for other transglutaminases demonstrated an excellent selectivity toward transglutaminase 2. Furthermore, an initial pharmacokinetic profiling of selected inhibitors was performed, including the assessment of potential membrane permeability and liver microsomal stability.
- Wodtke, Robert,Hauser, Christoph,Ruiz-Gómez, Gloria,J?ckel, Elisabeth,Bauer, David,Lohse, Martin,Wong, Alan,Pufe, Johanna,Ludwig, Friedrich-Alexander,Fischer, Steffen,Hauser, Sandra,Greif, Dieter,Pisabarro, M. Teresa,Pietzsch, Jens,Pietsch, Markus,L?ser, Reik
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supporting information
p. 4528 - 4560
(2018/05/07)
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- Exploration of the molecular architecture of the orthosteric binding site in the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with analogs of 3-(dimethylamino)butyl dimethylcarbamate (DMABC) and 1-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,4-diazepane
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X-ray crystal structures of acetylcholine binding proteins (AChBPs) have revealed two different possible extensions to the classical ligand binding pocket known to accommodate various nicotinic agonists. One of the pockets is limited in size while the oth
- Bach, Tinna B.,Jensen, Anders A.,Petersen, Jette G.,S?rensen, Troels E.,Della Volpe, Serena,Liu, Jun,Blaazer, Antoni R.,Van Muijlwijk-Koezen, Jacqueline E.,Balle, Thomas,Fr?lund, Bente
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p. 425 - 444
(2015/09/01)
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- NOVEL COMPOUNDS
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This invention relates to compounds of formula (I) their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and/or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.
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- NOVEL COMPOUNDS
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This invention relates to compounds of formula I their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and/or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.
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- Further delineation of hydrophobic binding sites in dopamine D 2/D3 receptors for N-4 substituents on the piperazine ring of the hybrid template 5/7-{[2-(4-aryl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethyl]-propyl-amino}-5, 6,7,8-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-ol
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Here we report a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of analogues of 5/7-{[2-(4-aryl-piperazin-1-yl)-ethyl]-propyl-amino}-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro- naphthalen-2-ol. Our SAR is focused on introduction of various substitutions in the piperazine ring of the hybrid template. The goal behind this study is to delineate the nature of the binding pocket for N-aryl substitution in the piperazine ring by observing the effect of various hydrophobic and other heteroaromatic substitutions on binding affinity (Ki), as measured with tritiated spiperone and HEK-293 cells expressing either D2 or D3 receptors. Functional activity of selected compounds was assessed with the GTPγS binding assay. Compound 8d was the most selective for the D3 receptor in the spiperone binding assay. An interesting similarity in binding affinity was observed between isoquinoline derivative D-301 and the 2-substituted pyridine derivative 8d, suggesting the importance of relative spatial relationships between the N-atom of the ligand and the molecular determinants of the binding pocket in D2/D3 receptors. Functional activity assays demonstrated high potency and selectivity of (+)-8a and (-)-28b (D2/D3 (ratio of EC50): 105 and 202, respectively) for the D3 receptor and both compounds were more selective compared to the reference drug ropinirole (D2/D3 (ratio of EC50): 29.5).
- Ghosh, Balaram,Antonio, Tamara,Gopishetty, Bhaskar,Reith, Maarten,Dutta, Aloke
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experimental part
p. 5661 - 5674
(2010/10/01)
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- Piperazinylacylpiperidine derivatives, their preparation and therapeutic use thereof
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The invention relates to substituted 1-piperazinylacylpiperidine derivatives of general formula (I) in which: n is 1 or 2; p is 1 or 2; R1 represents a halogen atom; a trifluoromethyl radical; a (C1-C4)alkyl; a (C1-C4)alkoxy; a trifluoromethoxy radical; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R3 represents a hydrogen atom; a group —OR5; a group —CH2OR5; a group —NR6R7; a group —NR8COR9; a group —NR8CONR10R11; a group —CH2NR12R13; a group —CH2NR8CONR14R15; a (C1-C4)alkoxycarbonyl; a group —CONR16R17; or else R3 constitutes a double bond between the carbon atom to which it is attached and the adjacent carbon atom of the piperidine ring; R4 represents an aromatic group selected from: the said aromatic groups being unsubstituted or being mono- or disubstituted by a substituent selected independently from a halogen atom; a (C1-C4)alkyl; a (C1-C4)alkoxy; a trifluoromethyl radical; Preparation process and therapeutic application.
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Page/Page column 19
(2008/06/13)
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- Identification and biological evaluation of 4-(3-trifluoromethylpyridin-2- yl)piperazine-1-carboxylic acid (5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)amide, a high affinity TRPV1 (VR1) vanilloid receptor antagonist
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High throughput screening using the recombinant human TRPV1 receptor was used to identify a series of pyridinylpiperazine ureas (3) as TRPV1 vanilloid receptor ligands. Exploration of the structure-activity relationships by parallel synthesis identified t
- Swanson, Devin M.,Dubin, Adrienne E.,Shah, Chandra,Nasser, Nadia,Chang, Leon,Dax, Scott L.,Jetter, Michele,Breitenbucher, J. Guy,Liu, Changlu,Mazur, Curt,Lord, Brian,Gonzales, Lisa,Hoey, Kenway,Rizzolio, Michele,Bogenstaetter, Michael,Codd, Ellen E.,Lee, Doo H.,Zhang, Sui-Po,Chaplan, Sandra R.,Carruthers, Nicholas I.
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p. 1857 - 1872
(2007/10/03)
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- Heteroaryl diazacycloalkanes, their preparation and use;
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The present invention discloses compounds of the formula any of its enantiomers or any mixture thereof, isotopes thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein n is 1, 2 or 3; m is 0, 1 or 2; R represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cyclo
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Page/Page column 14
(2010/11/30)
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- Phenylsulfonyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-indole-2-one derivatives, their preparation and their therapeutic use
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The invention relates to compounds of formula: and also to the salts thereof with mineral or organic acids, and the solvates and/or hydrates thereof, with affinity for and selectivity towards the arginine-vasopressin V1b receptors and/or for the ocytocin receptors and, furthermore, for certain compounds, affinity for the V1a receptors. The invention also relates to the process for preparing them, to the intermediate compounds of formula (IV) that are useful for preparing them, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use for preparing medicinal products.
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Page/Page column 38
(2010/02/08)
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- MEDICINAL COMPOSITION
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The present invention is composed of a pharmaceutical composition for the therapy of nephritis which comprises an amide derivative represented by the following formula [1] or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as an active ingredient: ???wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen, alkyl which may be substituted, acyl, aryl which may be substituted, or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may be substituted; R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, amino which may be substituted, alkyl which may be substituted, alkoxy or nitro and the like; and R7 represents cyclic amino which may be substituted or azabicycloalkylamino which may be substituted. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention is useful for the therapy of nephritis.
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- Modified aminoacids, pharmaceuticals containing these compounds and method for their production
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The present invention relates to modified amino acids of general formula wherein A, Z, X, n, m, R, R2, R3, R4and R11are defined as in claims 1 to 5, their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them as well as their use for the production and purification of antibodies and as labelled compounds in RIA- and ELISA assays and as diagnostic or analytical aids in neurotransmitter research.
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Example A18b)
(2008/06/13)
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- Piperazine compounds and medicinal use thereof
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The present invention relates to a piperazine compound of the formula wherein R1and R2are each hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, amino, substituted amino, nitro, hydroxy or cyano, R3, R4and R5are each hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino or hydroxy, R6and R7are each hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkyl substituted by halogen, aralkyl, acyl or lower acyl substituted by halogen, R8and R9are each hydrogen or lower alkyl, Y is lower alkylene and the like, and ring A is phenyl, pyrimidyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl or imidazolyl, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and pharmaceutical agents containing these compounds. The compound of the present invention has superior TNF-α production inhibitory effect and/or IL-10 production promoting effect, and, since it is free of or shows only strikingly reduced expression of an effect on the central nervous system, the compound is useful as a highly safe and superior TNF-α production inhibitor an/or IL-10 production promoter and is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of various diseases caused by abnormal TNF-α production, diseases curable with IL-10, such as chronic inflammatory diseases, acute inflammatory diseases, inflammatory diseases due to infection, autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, and TNF-α mediated diseases.
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- Pyrazole derivatives
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The present invention relates to cis- and trans-forms of pyrazole derivatives, salts thereof, or agents containing the same, and represented by the general formula (I): wherein G represents a nitrogen containing saturated heterocyclic structure represented by the following formula: These compounds exhibit anti-tumor activity on 5-FU-resistant tumors and effects on P glycoprotein expressing, multiple-drug resistant tumors. An example of a pyrazole derivative which demonstrates 50% inhibition of tumor cell growth is 3-[4-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-1 piperazinyl]-1-[1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-1-trans-propene hydrochloride. Synthesis of the compounds represented by formula (I) can be prepared by any one of various routes such as a Mannich reaction, a Wittig reaction, reductive amination or substitution by allylation.
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- Modified amino acids, pharmaceuticals containing these compounds and method for their production
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The present invention relates to modified amino acids of general formula wherein A, Z, X, n, m, R, R2, R3, R4 and R11 are defined as in claims 1 to 5, their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them as well as their use for the production and purification of antibodies and as labelled compounds in RIA- and ELISA assays and as diagnostic or analytical aids in neurotransmitter research.
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- AMIDE DERIVATIVES AND DRUG COMPOSITIONS
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The present invention is composed of an amide derivative represented by the following formula [1] or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ???wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen, alkyl which may be substituted, acyl, aryl which may be substituted, or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may be substituted; R3, R4, R5, and R6 may be the same or different and each is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, amino which may be substituted, alkyl which may be substituted, alkoxy, or nitro and the like; and R7 represents cyclic amino which may be substituted or azabicycloalkylamino which may be substituted, and a pharmaceutical composition which comprises it as an active ingredient. The compound of the invention is useful as an inhibitor of TGF-β production or an antagonist of TGF-β.
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- New μ-opioid receptor agonists with piperazine moiety
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New μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists containing piperazine and homopiperazine moieties in the structures were synthesized and their affinities to and agonist potencies on MOR were evaluated. Among the synthesized compounds, 4-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylbutanamide (20Aa) showed the highest affinity to the human MOR expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells, and the highest agonist potency on the MOR in isolated guinea-pig ileum preparation.
- Komoto,Okada,Sato,Niino,Oka,Sakamoto
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p. 1314 - 1320
(2007/10/03)
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- Process for producing heterocyclic aromatic amine or arylamine
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A heterocyclic aromatic halide or an aryl halide is reacted with an amine compound in the presence of a base to give a heterocyclic aromatic amine or an arylamine, respectively. In this reaction, a catalyst comprising a palladium compound and a tertiary phosphine is used for the preparation of a heterocyclic aromatic amine, and a catalyst comprising a palladium compound and a trialkylphosphine is used for the preparation of an arylamine.
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- Hybridized and isosteric analogues of N1-acetyl-N4-dimethyl-piperazinium iodide (ADMP) and N1-phenyl-N4-dimethyl-piperazinium iodide (DMPP) with central nicotinic action
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A series of piperazine derivatives, obtained by hybridization of N1-acetyl-N4-dimethyl-piperazinium iodide (1, ADMP) and N1-phenyl-N4-dimethyl-piperazinium iodide (3, DMPP) or of the corresponding tertiary bases (2, 4) with arecoline (5) and arecolone (6) or by isosteric substitution of the phenyl ring of DMPP, has been synthesized. Hybridization afforded compounds that, both as tertiary bases and as iodomethylates, have no affinity for the nicotinic receptor. On the contrary, isosteric substitution gave compounds that maintain affinity for the receptor; among them, two tertiary bases (37, 38), show affinity in the nanomolar range for the nicotinic receptor. The pharmacological profile of these isomeric compounds is quite interesting as they present differences in their peripheral and central effects, suggesting that they interact with different subtypes of the nicotinic receptor. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Manetti, Dina,Bartolini, Alessandro,Borea, Pier Andrea,Bellucci, Cristina,Dei, Silvia,Ghelardini, Carla,Gualtieri, Fulvio,Romanelli, Maria Novella,Scapecchi, Serena,Teodori, Elisabetta,Varani, Katia
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p. 457 - 465
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of N-arylpiperazines from aryl halides and piperazine under a palladium tri-tert-butylphosphine catalyst
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A Pd/P(t-Bu), catalyst system has revealed very high activity and selectivity for the amination of N-(hetero)aryl halides with unprotected piperazine. A wide variety of N-(hetero)arylpiperazines could be prepared using this catalyst. Turnover numbers up to 6400mol/mol have been obtained.
- Nishiyama, Masakazu,Yamamoto, Toshihide,Koie, Yasuyuki
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p. 617 - 620
(2007/10/03)
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- Piperazinyl-substituted pyridine and imidazole anti-arrhythmic agents
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A series of novel 4-substituted piperazinyl-pyridine and 4-substituted piperazinyl-imidazole compounds have been prepared, including their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, wherein the 4-substituent is a lower phenylalkyl group or a derivative thereof further substituted on the phenyl moiety by a sulphamoyl or sulphonylamino group or by a nitro, amino or acetamido group. These particular compounds are useful in therapy as highly effective anti-arrhythmic agents and therefore, are of value in the treatment of various cardiac arrythmias. The most preferred member compound of the series is N-{4-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-[4-pyridinyl]-1-piperazinyl)ethyl]phenyl} methanesulphonamide. Methods for preparing all these compounds from known starting materials are provided.
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