- Preparation method for low residual granular sodium alkoxide or potassium alcoholate
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The invention provides a preparation method for low residual granular sodium alkoxide or potassium alcoholate. The method includes using sodium or potassium and alcohol as raw materials, mixing the mixture with a solvent, reacting in inert gas atmosphere by using a microwave heating method, and removing the residual alcohol and solvent in the presence of microwave after the reaction to get the granular sodium alkoxide or potassium alcoholate. The microwave frequency is 2450 +/- 50 MHz. The method can prepare sodium alkoxide or potassium alcoholate with low residual solvent, and the prepared sodium alkoxide or potassium alcoholate is large granular solid, so that the development from powdered product to granular product can be realized, and the problems of residual solvent and potential risk troubled human for a long time can be overcome.
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Paragraph 0041-0042
(2017/01/17)
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- Standard molar enthalpies of formation of sodium alkoxides
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The molar enthalpies of solution of sodium in methanol, ethanol, and n-propanol and of sodium alkoxides in their corresponding alcohols were measured at T = 298.15 K using an isoperibol solution calorimeter. From these results and other auxiliary data, the standard molar enthalpies of formation Δf Hm{ring operator} (RONa,cr) of sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, and sodium n-propoxide were calculated and found to be {(-366.21 ± 1.38), (-413.39 ± 1.45), and (-441.57 ± 1.18)} kJ · mol-1, respectively. A linear correlation has been found between Δf Hm{ring operator} (RONa) and Δf Hm{ring operator} (ROH) for R = n-alkyl, enabling the prediction of data for other sodium alkoxides.
- Chandran,Srinivasan,Gopalan,Ganesan
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p. 449 - 454
(2008/03/13)
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- Bisaryl-sulfonamides
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Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment or prevention of a condition or disorder mediated by PPARγ or PPARδ. In particular, the compounds of the invention modulate the function of PPARγ or PPARδ. The subject methods are particularly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.
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Page/Page column 37-38
(2008/06/13)
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- 1H-PYRAZOLE AND 1H-PYRROLE-AZABICYCLIC COMPOUNDS WITH ALFA-7 NACHR ACTIVITY
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The invention provides compounds of Formula (I), wherein Azabicyclo is Formula (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII); W is Formula (m); where the variables have the definitions discussed herein. These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, may be in pure enantiomeric form or racemic mixtures, and are useful in pharmaceuticals to treat a disease or condition in which α7 is known to be involved.
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- QUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS ANTI-HYPERALGESIC AGENTS
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The present invention relates to quinazolinones of formula (I) wherein R1 is hal; a); b); or c); X is N or CR8; R2 is hal; nitro; C1-C6alkylcarbonyl; C1-C6alkyl or C3-C6cycloalkyl; R3 is C1-C6alkyl; C1-C6alkoxy or amino; and wherein the further radicals have the meanings as defined in the specification, which compounds exhibit human vanilloid antagonistic activity; to processes for their production, their use as pharmaceuticals and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
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- Azabicyclic compounds for the treatment of disease
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The invention provides compounds of Formula I: 1wherein Azabicyclo is 2These compounds may be in the form of pharmaceutical salts or compositions, may be in pure enantiomeric form or racemic mixtures, and are useful in pharmaceuticals in which α7 is known to be involved.
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- Process for introducing alkyl radicals into carbon chains having a functional group and compounds prepared by said process
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Process for introducing a substituent selected from branched- or straight-chain alkyl radicals having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radicals in which the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, into a carbon chain bearing a stable functional group the said carbon chain having at least one proton in α-position in relation to this functional group, process whereby, in a first step, this carbon chain is reacted with a complex base comprising a mixture of alkali metal amide and alkali metal alcoholate suspended in an anhydrous organic solvent to provide temporarily a carbanion, then in a second step this carbanion is reacted in an anhydrous organic solvent with an alkyl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl halide corresponding to the substituent to be introduced.
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- The Stabilities of Meisenheimer Complexes. Part 20. Kinetic and Equilibrium Data for the Reactions of Some Aromatic Nitro Compounds with Propoxide Ions in Propan-1-ol.
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Rate and equilibrium data are reported for the formation of ?-adducts by the reaction of propoxide ions in propan-1-ol with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene and a series of 1-propoxy-2,4-dinitro-6-X-benzenes (X = NO2, Cl, CO2Pr, H).The results are compared with those for ethoxide and isopropoxide additions.There is evidence for strong association with sodium ions of the 1,1-dipropoxy adducts; but adducts formed by base addition at unsubstituted positions are not strongly associated.In the nucleophilic substitution reaction with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene free propoxide ions show greater reactivity than sodium propoxide ion-pairs.
- AlAruri, Ahmad D. A.,Crampton, Michael R.
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p. 2157 - 2184
(2007/10/02)
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