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Chromoselective Synthesis of Sulfonyl Chlorides and Sulfonamides with Potassium Poly(heptazine imide) Photocatalyst
Among external stimuli used to promote a chemical reaction, photocatalysis possesses a unique one—light. Photons are traceless reagents that provide an exclusive opportunity to alter chemoselectivity of the photocatalytic reaction varying the color of incident light. This strategy may be implemented by using a sensitizer capable to activate a specific reaction pathway depending on the excitation light. Herein, we use potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI), a type of carbon nitride, to generate selectively three different products from S-arylthioacetates simply varying the excitation light and otherwise identical conditions. Namely, arylchlorides are produced under UV/purple, sulfonyl chlorides with blue/white, and diaryldisulfides at green to red light. A combination of the negatively charged polyanion, highly positive potential of the valence band, presence of intraband states, ability to sensitize singlet oxygen, and multi-electron transfer is shown to enable this chromoselective conversion of thioacetates.
Antonietti, Markus,Guldi, Dirk M.,Markushyna, Yevheniia,Savateev, Aleksandr,Schü?lbauer, Christoph M.,Ullrich, Tobias
supporting information
p. 20543 - 20550
(2021/08/12)

TREATMENT OF FIBROSIS WITH IRE1 SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS
Provided herein are methods of using IRE1 small molecule inhibitors in combination therapies for treating fibrosis in a subject. The IRE1 small molecule inhibitors described herein may be used in combination therapies for treating fibrosis
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Paragraph 00216

(2020/11/30)

COMBINATION THERAPIES WITH IRE1 SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS
Provided herein are methods of using IRE1 small molecule inhibitors in combination therapies for treating cancer in a subject. The IRE1 small molecule inhibitors described herein may be used in combination therapies for treating solid and hematologic cancers.
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Paragraph 00240

(2020/12/01)

IRE1 SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS
Provided herein are small molecule inhibitors for the targeting or IRE1 protein family members. Binding may be direct or indirect. Further provided herein are methods of using IRE1 small molecule inhibitors for use in treating or ameliorating cancer in a subject. Moreover, IRE1 small molecule inhibitors described herein are for the treatment of cancer, where the cancer is a solid or hematologic cancer.
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Paragraph 00276

(2019/05/30)

Rational Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel triazole derivatives as potent and selective PRMT5 inhibitors with antitumor activity
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is responsible for the mono-methylation and symmetric dimethylation of arginine, and its expression level and methyl transferring activity have been demonstrated to have a close relationship with tumorigenesis, development and poor clinical outcomes of human cancers. Two PRMT5 small molecule inhibitors (GSK3326595 and JNJ-64619178) have been put forward into clinical trials. Here, we describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel, potent and selective PRMT5 inhibitors with antiproliferative activity against Z-138 mantle cell lymphoma cell line. Among them, compound C_4 exhibited the highest potency with enzymatic and cellular level IC50 values of 0.72 and 2.6 μM, respectively, and displayed more than 270-fold selectivity toward PRMT5 over several other isoenzymes (PRMT1, PRMT4 and PRMT6). Besides, C_4 demonstrated obvious cell apoptotic effect while reduced the cellular symmetric arginine dimethylation levels of SmD3 protein. The potency, small size, and synthetic accessibility of this compound class provide promising hit scaffold for medicinal chemists to further explore this series of PRMT5 inhibitors.
Zhu, Kongkai,Shao, Jingwei,Tao, Hongrui,Yan, Xue,Luo, Cheng,Zhang, Hua,Duan, Wenhu
p. 775 - 785
(2019/07/22)

Nickel-catalyzed regioselective C-H halogenation of electron-deficient arenes
A straightforward Ni(ii)-catalyzed general strategy was developed for the ortho-halogenation of electron-deficient arenes with easily available halogenating reagents N-halosuccinimides (NXS; X = Br, Cl and I). The transformation was highly regioselective and a wide substrate scope and functional group tolerance were observed. This discovery could be of great significance for the selective halogenation of amides, benzoic esters and other substances with guiding groups. Mechanistic investigations were also described.
Li, Ze-Lin,Wu, Peng-Yu,Cai, Chun
supporting information
p. 3462 - 3468
(2019/02/25)

Sulfonamide compound and synthesis method and application thereof
The invention discloses a synthesis method of a sulfonamide compound represented in a formula (2). According to the method, diazonium salt is used as a reaction raw material, and under the action of an inorganic nitrogen reagent, an inorganic sulfur dioxide reagent, an additive and a phosphine reagent, the diazonium salt is reacted in a solvent at 60-100 DEG C to obtain various sulfonamide compounds. According to the method inorganic salt is used as a nitrogen atom source and a sulfur dioxide source under a metal-free catalytic condition to construct the sulfonamide compound through one step,thereby avoiding the conventional multi-step synthesis of sulfonamide by condensing unstable acid chloride and amine; and the developed sulfonamide synthesis method can be further applied to the synthesis of the arthritis drug celecoxib and the psychotropic drug sulpiride.
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Paragraph 0098-0101

(2019/04/02)

IRE1 SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS
Provided herein are small molecule inhibitors for the targeting or IRE1 protein family members. Binding may be direct or indirect. Further provided herein are methods of using IRE1 small molecule inhibitors for use in treating or ameliorating cancer in a subject. Moreover, IRE1 small molecule inhibitors described herein are for the treatment of cancer, where the cancer is a solid or hematologic cancer.
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Paragraph 0199

(2019/01/05)

MODULATOR OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS, METHODS OF TREATMENT, AND PROCESS FOR MAKING THE MODULATOR
Compounds of Formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, deuterated derivatives of any of the foregoing, and metabolites of any of the foregoing are disclosed. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, methods of treating cystic fibrosis using the same, and methods for making the same are also disclosed.
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Paragraph 00599; 00600

(2018/04/17)

Metal-free construction of primary sulfonamides through three diverse salts
In this report, the first metal-free construction of primary sulfonamides through a direct three-component reaction of sodium metabisulfite, sodium azide and aryldiazonium has been established. Readily available inorganic Na2S2O5 and NaN3 were applied as the sulfur dioxide surrogate and nitrogen source respectively. The widely used sulfonamide drugs Celecoxib and Sulpiride, which possess multiple heteroatoms and active hydrogen containing functional groups, are efficiently installed with -SO2NH2 groups at a late stage. Control experiments and kinetic studies demonstrated that aryl radicals, sulfonyl radicals and conjugated phosphine imine radicals are involved in this transformation.
Wang, Ming,Fan, Qiaoling,Jiang, Xuefeng
supporting information
p. 5469 - 5473
(2019/01/03)

Cu(II)-catalyzed decarboxylation/elimination of N-arylsulfonyl amino acids to primary aryl sulfonamides
A novel protocol for CuO-catalyzed decarboxylation/elimination of N-arylsulfonyl amino acids was developed. It is the first example of using an accessible amino acid as an ammonia synthetic equivalent for the synthesis of primary aryl sulfonamides via oxidative decarboxylation/elimination reactions. The present protocol shows excellent functional group tolerance and provides an efficient method for the synthesis of primary aryl sulfonamides in excellent yields.
Zhou, Liandi,Li, Xiaokang,Liu, Wei,Zhao, Yongli,Chen, Junmin
p. 1299 - 1306
(2016/08/16)

Design and synthesis of triazolopyrimidine acylsulfonamides as novel anti-mycobacterial leads acting through inhibition of acetohydroxyacid synthase
Novel triazolopyrimidine acylsulfonamides class of antimycobacterial agents, which are mycobacterial acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors were designed by hybridization of known AHAS inhibitors such as sulfonyl urea and triazolopyrimidine sulfonamides. This Letter describes the synthesis and SAR studies of this class of molecules by variation of two parts of the molecule, the phenyl and triazolopyrimidine rings. SAR study describes optimisation of enzyme potency, whole cell potency and evidence of mechanism of action.
Patil, Vikas,Kale, Manoj,Raichurkar, Anandkumar,Bhaskar, Brahatheeswaran,Prahlad, Dwarakanath,Balganesh, Meenakshi,Nandan, Santosh,Shahul Hameed
supporting information
p. 2222 - 2225
(2014/05/06)

N-Acyl arylsulfonamides as novel, reversible inhibitors of human steroid sulfatase
Steroid sulfatase (STS) is an attractive target for a range of oestrogen- and androgen-dependent diseases. In search of novel chemotypes of STS inhibitors, we had previously identified nortropinyl-arylsulfonylureas 1; however, while these compounds were good inhibitors of purified STS (lowest Ki = 76 nM), they showed only weak inhibition of STS activity in cells (lowest IC50 around 2 μM). Extended structure-activity relationship studies involving modification of the phenylacetyl side chain and replacement of the nortropine element by simpler scaffolds led to the discovery of N-acyl arylsulfonamides, more specifically N-(Boc-piperidine-4-carbonyl)- benzenesulfonamides, as STS inhibitors, some of which exhibit improved cellular potency (best IC50 = 270 nM).
Lehr, Philipp,Billich, Andreas,Wolff, Barbara,Nussbaumer, Peter
p. 1235 - 1238
(2007/10/03)

Excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists
The present invention provides compounds of Formula I or Formula II, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds or Formula I or Formula II, and methods for treating neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly migraine.
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(2008/06/13)

N-(phenylsulfonyl)picolinamide derivatives, process for producing the same, and herbicide
A herbicide containing as the active ingredient an N-(henylsulfonyl)picolinamide derivative represented by general formula (I) wherein X reprcsents a halogeno, a C1-4 alkyl, a C1-4 haloalkyl, a C1-4 alkoxy, a C1-4 haloalkoxy, a (C1-4 alkoxy)carbonyl, a [di(C1-4 alkyl)amino]sulfonyl, an [N—(C1-4 alkyl)-N—(C1-4 alkoxy)amino]sulfonyl, a (C1-4 alkylamino)sulfonyl, a C1-4 alkylthio, a C1-4 alkylsulfinyl, a C1-4 alkylsulfonyl, or nitro; n is an integer of 0 to 5; Y represets a halogeno, a C1-4 alkyl, a C1-4 haloalkyl, a C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 haloalkoxy, a C1-4 alkylthio, a C1-4 haloalkylthio, amino, a C1-4 alkylamino, a di(C1-4 alkyl)amino, a (C1-4 alkoxy) C1-4 alkyl, a (C1-4 alkylthio) C1-4 alkyl, or nitro; and m is an integer of 0 to 4. This active ingredient is synthesized by condensing a substituted picolinic acid with a substituted benzenesulfonamide under dehydration, or by reacting the phenyl ester of a substituted picolinic acid with a substituted benzenesulfonamide in the presence of a basic compound.
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(2008/06/13)

2,1-benzisothiazoline 2,2-dioxides
This invention provides a progesterone receptor antagonist of formula 1 having the structure STR1wherein R 1, and R 2 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, and alkynyl. R 1 and R 2 may be taken together to form a ring and together contain --CH 2 (CH 2) n CH 2 --, --CH 2 CH 2 CMe 2 CH 2 CH 2 --, --O(CH 2) P CH 2 --, O(CH 2) q O--, --CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 --, --CH 2 CH 2 NR 7 CH 2 CH 2 --. R 1 and R 2 may be taken together to form a double bond, the double bond having two methyl groups bonded to the terminal end, having a cycloalkyl group bonded to the terminal end, having an oxygen bonded to the terminal end, or having a cycloether bonded to the terminal end; or a double bond. R 3 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, NH 2, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted or, COR A. R 4 is hydrogen, halogen, --CN, --NH 2, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxy, aminoalkyl, or substituted aminoalkyl; R 5 is a trisubstituted phenyl ring having the structure, STR2or is a five or six membered heteroaryl ring, containing 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, SO 2 and NR 6, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Page column 10

(2010/01/30)

Kinetics and Hydrolysis Mechanism of Chlorsulfuron and Metsulfuron-Methyl
In acidic media, hydrolysis of chlorsulfuron and metsulfuron-methyl occurs via two consecutive reactions which were followed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. For these two reactions, the pseudo-first-order rate constants increase proportionally to the concentration of hydronium ion in the more acidic media and to the square of this concentration at higher pH values. A kinetic study by HPLC shows that the first reaction leads to the formation of 4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine and (o-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamic acid for chlorsulfuron or (o-methoxycarbonylphenylsulfonyl) carbamic acid for metsulfuron-methyl. The second reaction is the conversion of these sulfonylcarbamic acids to sulfonamides and carbon dioxide. The complete lack of saccharin and of o-sulfamoyl benzoic acid proves that the ester function of the methoxycarbonyl group is stable. The lack of general acid-base catalysis and a solvent deuterium isotope effect less than unity are consistent with a rate-determining cleavage of the protonated substrate. In the basic pH range (10-14) a single reaction occurs, the nucleophilic substitution of the methoxy group on the triazine by a hydroxide group.
Hemmamda, Saadi,Calmon, Michelle,Calmon, Jean P.
p. 71 - 76
(2007/10/03)

Subsequent Products of Sulphonamides. XI. Syntheses with 2-Chloro-benzenesulphonamide
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Hans, M.,Gulube, A.,Dehne, H.
p. 187 - 190
(2007/10/02)

Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Aromatic Sulfonamides by in situ Preparation of the Corresponding Sulfonyl Isothiocyanates
A new reaction between chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (1) and trialkylstannyl-substituted arenes 2a-k, 7, 9 is described.It provides the aromatic sulfonyl isocyanates 3 or their derivatives, the sulfonamides 4a-j, the sulfonylcarbamates 5a-b, or sulfonylureas 6, respectively.The trialkylstannyl group as an efficient leaving group allows mild reaction conditions to be applied and unusual substitution patterns to be obtained, normally not accessible by electrophilic aromatic substitutions.Thus, sulfonamidation can be achieved in meta position to a trifluoromethyl group. Key words: Electrophilic aromatic substitution; sulfodestannalytion; isocyanates, sulfonyl, aromatic; sulfonyl compounds; trialkylarylstannanes, application of
Arnswald, Martin,Neumann, Wilhelm P.
p. 1997 - 2000
(2007/10/02)

SYNTHESIS OF N-(2-CHLOROPHENYLSULFONYL)-N'-(4-METHOXY-6-METHYL-1,3,5-TRIAZIN-2-YL)-UREA WITH A RADIOACTIVE LABEL
Methods for the introduction of a radioactive 13C label into N-(2-chlorophenylsulfonyl)-N'-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)urea, which has herbicidal activity, are described.
Sokolova, G. D.,Khokhlov, P. S.
p. 547 - 550
(2007/10/02)

Preparation of arylsulfonamides
A process improvement for the preparation of arylsulfonamides that avoids the multistep arylsulfonyl chloride refining operation presently used and, in one step, neutralizes and removes all the acidic by-products of chlorosulfonation simultaneously with arylsulfonamide formation which comprises the steps of (a) reacting an aryl hydrocarbon with chlorosulfonic acid to form a crude chlorosulfonation reaction product, (b) combining in an aqueous media said crude reaction product and a source of ammonia to form an amidation reaction mixture, (c) maintaining the temperature of the amidation reaction mixture at between about 40° C. and 70° C. and the pH at above about 7 with stirring for a period of time sufficient to form an amidation reaction product containing an arylsulfonamide, and optionally (d) separating the resulting arylsulfonamide from the amidation reaction product.
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(2008/06/13)

Process for producing sulfonylureas
There is described a novel process for producing sulfonylureas of formula I STR1 wherein R1 is hydrogen or alkyl, R2 is STR2 E is =N-- or =CH--, R3 is alkyl, alkoxy or halogen, R4 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, halogen, alkoxy-alkyl, halo-alkyl or halo-alkoxy, R5 is hydrogen or alkyl, T is a substituted phenyl group STR3 Y is hydrogen or halogen, X is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, halo-alkyl, alkenyl, halo-alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, halo-alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, halo-alkylthio, alkylsulfonyloxy, phenylsulfonyloxy, phenylsulfonyloxy mono- or polysubstituted by alkyl, or is di-alkylsulfamoyl, and A is a bridge member which has 3 or 4 atoms and which contains 1 or 2 hetero atoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen, the said process comprising reacting a silfonamide of the formula II in the presence of a base, with diphenyl carbonate to form a salt of a phenyl carbamate converting this salt into the free phenyl carbamate and reacting this further with an amine. Sulfonylureas are herbicidally effective compounds.
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(2008/06/13)

Water-insoluble naphthol monoazo dyestuff
Azo dyestuff of the formula STR1 wherein X is secondary amino or tertiary amino moiety, useful for dyeing and printing hydrophobic fiber materials to produce a deep orange color having excellent fastness properties and also useful for coloring organic solvents, mineral oil products, waxes, plastics and surface coatings.
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(2008/06/13)