- Electron transfer reduction of nitriles using SmI2-Et 3N-H2O: Synthetic utility and mechanism
-
The first general reduction of nitriles to primary amines under single electron transfer conditions is demonstrated using SmI2 (Kagan's reagent) activated with Lewis bases. The reaction features excellent functional group tolerance and represents an attractive alternative to the use of pyrophoric alkali metal hydrides. Notably, the electron transfer from Sm(II) to CN functional groups generates imidoyl-type radicals from bench stable nitrile precursors.
- Szostak, Michal,Sautier, Brice,Spain, Malcolm,Procter, David J.
-
supporting information
p. 1092 - 1095
(2014/03/21)
-
- Synthesis and characterization on a novel series of protic pyrrolidinium surfactants
-
A novel series of protic tertiary pyrrolidinium surfactants were prepared and characterized by different techniques. These compounds show good conductivity and efficient ability to reduce surface tension. Thermogravimetric analysis proves their high thermal stability at decomposition temperatures over 250 °C. Their lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystalline properties are also discussed.
- Ma, Fu Min,Chen, Xiao,Wang, Xu Dong,Zhao, Yu Rong,Li, Qiu Hong,Yue, Xiu,Lv, Chao
-
scheme or table
p. 385 - 387
(2010/12/25)
-
- Nematocidal activity of long alkyl chain amides, amines and their derivatives on dog roundworm larvae
-
The nematocidal activity of amides and amines having a long alkyl chain against the second-stage larva of dog roundworm, Toxocara canis, was examined. Long chain acyl amides with smaller substituents on the nitrogen showed stronger activity and the activity of cyclic amine amides was stronger than that of acyclic ones. In a series of homologous amides, the activity was dependent on the alkyl chain length: it reached a maximum at an optimal chain length and decreased in both shorter and longer homologues. The relationship between the activity and hydrophobicity of the homologues was analysed by the use of the bilinear model. The hydrophobicity of a compound, which gives a maximal activity, was similar for all neutral amides, but amides which have an additional amine group in the molecule had different values. Tertiary amines and their salts having a long alkyl chain also showed nematocidal activities comparable to those of the corresponding amides. The salts killed the larva at concentrations lower than their critical micell concentration, suggesting that they behave as a single molecule for the nematocidal action.
- Kiuchi,Nishizawa,Kawanishi,Kinoshita,Ohsima,Uchitani,Sekino,Ishida,Kondo,Tsuda
-
p. 3234 - 3244
(2007/10/02)
-