- Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Hydrocarbonylative Lactamization and Cycloaddition Reaction for the Construction of Bridged Polycyclic Lactams
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The intramolecular hydroaminocarbonylation of alkenes is a compelling tool to rapidly access lactam, a privileged motif ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. However, selective carbonylation to bridged polycyclic lactams with a lactam nitrogen at a bridgehead position is less explored. We herein report a modular palladium-catalyzed approach to perform a tandem hydrocarbonylative lactamization/Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction with 2-vinyl aryl aldimines, alkenes, and CO, which offers convenient access to furnish the bridged polycyclic lactams in high yields with high selectivities.
- Xu, Pengcheng,Qian, Bo,Hu, Bin,Huang, Hanmin
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supporting information
p. 147 - 151
(2022/01/04)
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- Radical C(sp3)-H Heck-type Reaction of N-Alkoxybenzimidoyl Chlorides with Styrenes to Construct Alkenols
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We report the first radical C(sp3)-H Heck-type reaction of aliphatic alcohols for selective δ- and ?-alkenol synthesis by photoredox catalysis. N-Alkoxybenzimidoyl chlorides are developed as novel alkoxyl radical precursors with tunable redox potentials. Various alkenols can be constructed by the inert C(sp3)-H Heck-type reaction of 4-cyano-N-alkoxybenzimidoyl chlorides with styrene derivatives under redox-neutral conditions, which can be performed on the gram scale and can be easily derivatized.
- Fang, Di,Zhang, Yidan,Chen, Yiyun
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supporting information
p. 2050 - 2054
(2022/03/17)
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- Are bis(pyridine)iodine(i) complexes applicable for asymmetric halogenation?
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Enantiopure halogenated molecules are of tremendous importance as synthetic intermediates in the construction of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, flavours, natural products, pesticides, and functional materials. Enantioselective halofunctionalizations remain
- Andreasson, M?ns,Erdelyi, Mate,Németh, Flóra Boróka,Pápai, Imre,Sethio, Daniel,von der Heiden, Daniel
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supporting information
p. 8307 - 8323
(2021/10/12)
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- Highly Regioselective 5-endo-tet Cyclization of 3,4-Epoxy Amines into 3-Hydroxypyrrolidines Catalyzed by La(OTf)3
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Highly regioselective intramolecular aminolysis of 3,4-epoxy amines has been achieved. Key features of this reaction are (1) chemoselective activation of epoxides in the presence of unprotected aliphatic amines in the same molecules by a La(OTf)3 catalyst and (2) excellent regioselectivity for anti-Baldwin 5-endo-tet cyclization. This reaction affords 3-hydroxy-2-alkylpyrrolidines stereospecifically in high yields. DFT calculations revealed that the regioselectivity might be attributed to distortion energies of epoxy amine substrates. The use of this reaction was demonstrated by the first enantioselective synthesis of an antispasmodic agent prifinium bromide.
- Hoshino, Yoshihiko,Iwabuchi, Yoshiharu,Kuriyama, Yuse,Sasano, Yusuke,Uesugi, Shun-ichiro,Yamaichi, Aoto
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supporting information
p. 1961 - 1965
(2021/01/04)
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- Directed Nickel-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Reductive Difunctionalization of Alkenyl Amines
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We report herein an intermolecular syn-arylalkylation and alkenylalkylation of alkenyl amines with two different organohalides (iodides and bromides) using Ni(II) catalyst. The cleavable bidentate quinolinamide is utilized after extensive directing group screening to enable olefin difunctionalization with high levels of regio-, chemo-, and diastereocontrol. This general and practical protocol is compatible with α- or β-substituted terminal alkenes and internal alkenes, providing rapid access to branched aliphatic amines bearing two skipped and vicinal stereocenters with high diastereoselectivities that would otherwise be difficult to synthesize.
- Zhao, Lei,Meng, Xiao,Zou, Yifeng,Zhao, Junsong,Wang, Lili,Zhang, Lanlan,Wang, Chao
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p. 8516 - 8521
(2021/10/25)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed 1,2-Carboamination of Alkenyl Alcohols
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An alcohol-directed, nickel-catalyzed three-component umpolung carboamination of unactivated alkenes with aryl/alkenylboronic esters and electrophilic aminating reagents is reported. This transformation is enabled by specifically tailored O-(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)hydroxylamine electrophiles that suppress competitive processes, including undesired β-hydride elimination and transesterification between the alcohol substrate and electrophile. The reaction delivers the desired 1,2-carboaminated products with generally high regio- and syn-diastereoselectivity and exhibits a broad scope of coupling partners and alkenes, including complex natural products. Various mechanistic experiments and analysis of the stereochemical outcome with a cyclic alkene substrate, as confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis, support alcohol-directed syn-insertion of an organonickel(I) species.
- Kang, Taeho,Kim, Nana,Cheng, Peter T.,Zhang, Hao,Foo, Klement,Engle, Keary M.
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supporting information
p. 13962 - 13970
(2021/09/11)
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- Intramolecular N-Me and N-H aminoetherification for the synthesis ofN-unprotected 3-amino-O-heterocycles
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A mild Rh-catalyzed method for synthesis of cyclic unprotected N-Me and N-H 2,3-aminoethers using an olefin aziridination-aziridine ring-opening domino reaction has been developed. The method is readily applicable to the stereocontrolled synthesis of a va
- Paudyal, Mahesh P.,Wang, Mingliang,Siitonen, Juha H.,Hu, Yimin,Yousufuddin, Muhammed,Shen, Hong C.,Falck, John R.,Kürti, László
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supporting information
p. 557 - 560
(2021/02/06)
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- An Enzymatic Platform for the Highly Enantioselective and Stereodivergent Construction of Cyclopropyl-δ-lactones
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Abiological enzymes offers new opportunities for sustainable chemistry. Herein, we report the development of biological catalysts derived from sperm whale myoglobin that exploit a carbene transfer mechanism for the asymmetric synthesis of cyclopropane-fused-δ-lactones, which are key structural motifs found in many biologically active natural products. While hemin, wild-type myoglobin, and other hemoproteins are unable to catalyze this reaction, the myoglobin scaffold could be remodeled by protein engineering to permit the intramolecular cyclopropanation of a broad spectrum of homoallylic diazoacetate substrates in high yields and with up to 99 % enantiomeric excess. Via an alternate evolutionary trajectory, a stereodivergent biocatalyst was also obtained for affording mirror-image forms of the desired bicyclic products. In combination with whole-cell transformations, the myoglobin-based biocatalyst was used for the asymmetric construction of a cyclopropyl-δ-lactone scaffold at a gram scale, which could be further elaborated to furnish a variety of enantiopure trisubstituted cyclopropanes.
- Chandgude, Ajay L.,Fasan, Rudi,Liu, Ningyu,Ren, Xinkun
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p. 21634 - 21639
(2020/09/23)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of in Situ Generated 1,3-Dienes with Arylboronic Acids Using a Secondary Homoallyl Carbonate as a Surrogate for the 1,3-Diene and Hydride Source
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The nickel-catalyzed hydroarylation of 1,3-dienes with arylboronic acids using a secondary homoallyl carbonate as a surrogate for the 1,3-diene and hydride source has been developed. The synthetic strategy allowed an efficient access to a wide array of hydroarylation products in high yields with high functional group compatibility without the use of an external hydride source. Mechanistic experiments indicated that the alkene-directed oxidative addition and subsequent β-hydride elimination would be a critical process in this transformation.
- Hamaguchi, Takashi,Kawatsura, Motoi,Takahashi, Yoshiyuki,Tsuji, Hiroaki
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supporting information
(2020/02/15)
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- Direct Synthesis of Enones by Visible-Light-Promoted Oxygenation of Trisubstituted Olefins Using Molecular Oxygen
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A one-step synthesis of enones from olefins is described. The reaction was performed under visible-light irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen and a photocatalyst. The reaction proceeded with various types of trisubstituted olefins to give enones in good yields with high regioselectivity. In particular, oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups, heteroaromatic rings, and cyclopropanes were tolerated. Mechanistic studies and previous reports indicated that the active oxygen species generated in the reaction system is singlet oxygen.
- Harada, Shinji,Matsuda, Daiki,Morikawa, Takahiro,Nishida, Atsushi
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supporting information
p. 1372 - 1377
(2020/10/02)
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- Enantioselective Copper(I)/Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Amination of Allylic and Benzylic C?H Bonds
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Radical-involved enantioselective oxidative C?H bond functionalization by a hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) process has emerged as a promising method for accessing functionally diverse enantioenriched products, while asymmetric C(sp3)?H bond amination remains a formidable challenge. To address this problem, described herein is a dual CuI/chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalytic system for radical-involved enantioselective intramolecular C(sp3)?H amination of not only allylic positions but also benzylic positions with broad substrate scope. The use of 4-methoxy-NHPI (NHPI=N-hydroxyphthalimide) as a stable and chemoselective HAT mediator precursor is crucial for the fulfillment of this transformation. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that a crucial allylic or benzylic radical intermediate resulting from a HAT process is involved.
- Ye, Liu,Tian, Yu,Meng, Xiang,Gu, Qiang-Shuai,Liu, Xin-Yuan
-
supporting information
p. 1129 - 1133
(2019/12/12)
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- CuBr2-catalyzed ring opening/formylation reaction of cyclopropyl carbinols with DMF to synthesize formate esters
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An unprecedented protocol for the synthesis of formate esters has been developed by employing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as both the source of CHO and solvent. This reaction undergoes ring opening of the cyclopropyl carbinols and in situ formation of homoallylic alcohols, which reacts with DMF to give the desired products. The substrate cyclopropyl carbinols with different groups participate smoothly in this process and the desired products are obtained in moderate to good yields.
- Zhuang, Daijiao,Gatera, Tharcisse,Yan, Rulong
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supporting information
(2020/10/19)
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- Rhodium-Catalyzed Diverse Arylation of 2,5-Dihydrofuran: Controllable Divergent Synthesis via Four Pathways
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The rhodium-catalyzed controllable diverse arylation of 2,5-dihydrofuran with arylboronic acids is reported. By fine-tuning of the reaction conditions, four different ring-opening or oxidative arylation pathways are controlled in the rhodium-catalyzed ary
- Dou, Xiaowei,Hayashi, Tamio,Lu, Tao,Xing, Junhao,Ye, Bihai,Zhu, Wanjiang
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p. 2958 - 2963
(2020/03/23)
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- Cu-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Alkylation of Benzimidazoles with Aromatic Alkenes
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Herein we report a novel Cu-catalyzed regioselective C2-H alkylation of benzimidazoles with aromatic alkenes. The reaction features exclusive regioselectivity and broad substrate scope in the intermolecular alkylation of benzimidazoles with terminal and i
- He, Yu-Ting,Mao, Yang-Jie,Hao, Hong-Yan,Xu, Zhen-Yuan,Lou, Shao-Jie,Xu, Dan-Qian
-
supporting information
p. 8250 - 8255
(2020/11/18)
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- Spiro[3.5]nonenyl Meroterpenoid Lactones, Cryptolaevilactones G-L, an Ionone Derivative, and Total Synthesis of Cryptolaevilactone M from Cryptocarya laevigata
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A CH3OH-CH2Cl2 (1:1) extract (N025439) of the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya laevigata furnished eight new compounds, 1-8. Based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data examination, the new δ-lactone derivatives 1-6 are monoterpene-polyketide hybrids containing a unique spiro[3.5]nonenyl moiety. Their trivial names, cryptolaevilactones G-L, follow those of the related known meroterpenoids cryptolaevilactones A-F. Cryptolaevilactone L (6) contains 11,12-cis-oriented substituents, while the other cryptolaevilactones contain trans-oriented groups. The structure of the linear δ-lactone 7, cryptolaevilactone M, was characterized from various spectroscopic data analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by total synthesis through stereoselective allylation and Grubbs olefin metathesis. Compound 8 was elucidated to be an ionone derivative with a 3,4-syn-diol functionality.
- Tsurumi, Fumika,Miura, Yuta,Nakano, Misaki,Saito, Yohei,Fukuyoshi, Shuichi,Miyake, Katsunori,Newman, David J.,O'Keefe, Barry R.,Lee, Kuo-Hsiung,Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
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p. 2368 - 2378
(2019/10/02)
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- Enantioselective Addition of Alkynyl Ketones to Nitroolefins Assisted by Br?nsted Base/H-Bonding Catalysis
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Various sets of enolizable alkynyl ketones (including methyl ynones with α-aryl, α-alkenyl, and α-alkoxy groups) were able to react smoothly with nitroolefins with the assistance of bifunctional Br?nsted base/H-bond catalysts to provide adducts with two consecutive tertiary stereocenters in a highly diastereo- and enantioselective fashion. Further transformation of the obtained adducts into optically active acyclic and polycyclic molecules, including some with intricate carbon skeletons, was also demonstrated.
- Campano, Teresa E.,Iriarte, Igor,Olaizola, Olatz,Etxabe, Julen,Mielgo, Antonia,Ganboa, I?aki,Odriozola, José M.,García, Jesús M.,Oiarbide, Mikel,Palomo, Claudio
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supporting information
p. 4390 - 4397
(2019/03/07)
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- Arene Trifunctionalization with Highly Fused Ring Systems through a Domino Aryne Nucleophilic and Diels–Alder Cascade
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A convenient and efficient domino aryne process was developed under transition-metal-free conditions to generate a range of tetra- and pentacyclic ring systems. This transformation was realized via a 1,2-benzdiyne through a nucleophilic and Diels–Alder reaction cascade using styrene as the diene moiety. Three new chemical bonds, namely one C?N and two C?C bonds, and two benzofused rings could be constructed concomitantly, which was made possible by distinct chemoselective control at both the 1,2-aryne and 2,3-aryne stages. Moreover, in-depth studies were carried out on the domino aryne precursors and controlling the diastereoselectivity.
- He, Jia,Jia, Zizi,Tan, Hongcheng,Luo, Xiaohua,Qiu, Dachuan,Shi, Jiarong,Xu, Hai,Li, Yang
-
supporting information
p. 18513 - 18518
(2019/11/19)
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- Regioselective Single-Electron Tsuji-Trost Reaction of Allylic Alcohols: A Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalytic Approach
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A radical-mediated functionalization of allyl alcohol derived partners with a variety of alkyl 1,4-dihydropyridines via photoredox/nickel dual catalysis is described. This transformation transpires with high linear and E-selectivity, avoiding the requirement of harsh conditions (e.g., strong base, elevated temperature). Additionally, using aryl sulfinate salts as radical precursors, allyl sulfones can also be obtained. Kinetic isotope effect experiments implicated oxidative addition of the nickel catalyst to the allylic electrophile as the turnover-limiting step, supporting previous computational studies.
- Wang, Zheng-Jun,Zheng, Shuai,Romero, Eugénie,Matsui, Jennifer K.,Molander, Gary A.
-
supporting information
p. 6543 - 6547
(2019/08/26)
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- Tandem IBX-Promoted Primary Alcohol Oxidation/Opening of Intermediate β,γ-Diolcarbonate Aldehydes to (E)-γ-Hydroxy-α,β-enals
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A tandem IBX-promoted oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde and opening of intermediate β,γ-diolcarbonate aldehyde to (E)-γ-hydroxy-α,β-enal has been developed. Remarkably, the carbonate opening delivered exclusively (E)-olefin and no over-oxidation of γ-hydroxy was observed. The method developed has been extended to complete the stereoselective total synthesis of both (S)- and (R)-coriolides and d-xylo- and d-arabino-C-20 guggultetrols.
- Kumari, Anupama,Gholap, Sachin P.,Fernandes, Rodney A.
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p. 2278 - 2290
(2019/06/17)
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- HFIP Solvent Enables Alcohols to Act as Alkylating Agents in Stereoselective Heterocyclization
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A new method for the stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized oxygen heterocycles using allyl or benzyl alcohols as alkylating agents is presented. The process is efficient and atom economic, generating water as the only stoichiometric byproduct. Substoichiometric amounts of Ti(OiPr)4 in HFIP solvent are key to this reactivity, and the method tolerates a broad substitution pattern on both the alcohol initiator and homoallylic alcohol substrate. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal in situ formation of a titanium complex with HFIP which may initiate the cyclization reaction. Further stereoselective functionalization of the products allows access to a diverse range of interesting heterocyclic structures.
- Zhu, Yuxiang,Colomer, Ignacio,Thompson, Amber L.,Donohoe, Timothy J.
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p. 6489 - 6493
(2019/05/06)
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- Hypervalent iodine initiated intramolecular alkene dimerisation: A stereodivergent entry to cyclobutanes
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The emergence of new methods for the stereoselective synthesis of strained carbocycles is a challenging but worthwhile endeavour. Cyclobutanes, in particular, have attracted the attention of both medicinal chemists and material scientists for their unique properties. Herein, we present a new method that allows access to highly functionalized cyclobutanes with complementary all-trans and trans-cis-trans relative stereochemistry, that could not be accessed before. This approach consists of an intramolecular dimerisation of non-conjugated dienes using an oxidative single electron transfer (SET) process, and is initiated by catalytic amounts of hypervalent iodine reagents. The potential uses of these cyclobutanes is demonstrated with selective functionalization, including the formation of diols and carboxylic acids.
- Zhu, Yuxiang,Colomer, Ignacio,Donohoe, Timothy J.
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p. 10316 - 10319
(2019/09/03)
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- Copper(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Aminotrifluoromethylation of O-Homoallyl Benzimidates
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In the present paper, the Cu(I)-catalyzed intramolecular aminotrifluoromethylation of O-homoallyl benzimidates with Togni reagent I was reported. O-Homoallyl benzimidates equipped with terminal alkenes produced chiral 1,3-oxazines with high enantioselectivity in the presence of a chiral BOX ligand, and racemic tetrahydro-1,3-oxazepines were obtained in high yields from internal alkene derivatives with a monoprotected amino acid additive under similar conditions.
- Mou, Xue-Qing,Rong, Feng-Ming,Zhang, Heng,Chen, Gong,He, Gang
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supporting information
p. 4657 - 4661
(2019/06/17)
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- Indium Catalyzed Hydrofunctionalization of Styrene Derivatives Bearing a Hydroxy Group with Organosilicon Nucleophiles
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Hydrofunctionalization is one of the most important transformation reactions of alkenes. Herein, we describe the development of an indium-triiodide-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of alkenes bearing a hydroxy group using various types of organosilicon nucleophiles. Indium triiodide was the most effective catalyst, whereas typical Lewis acids such as TiCl4, AlCl3, and BF3·OEt2 were ineffective. Many functional groups were successfully introduced, and these resulted in yields of 31-86%. Various styrene derivatives were also applicable to this reaction. Mechanistic investigation revealed that the present hydrofunctionalization proceeded through Br?nsted acid-catalyzed intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of alkenes followed by InI3-catalyzed substitution reaction of cyclic ether intermediates.
- Kita, Yuji,Yata, Tetsuji,Nishimoto, Yoshihiro,Yasuda, Makoto
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p. 740 - 753
(2018/01/28)
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- Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of vinyl epoxide with organoboron compounds: access to homoallylic alcohols
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Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of vinyl epoxide with arylboronates to obtain aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols are described. The reaction selectivity was different to that of previously reported vinyl epoxide ring-opening reactions using aryl nucleophiles. The reaction proceeded under mild conditions, affording aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols with high selectivity and in good to excellent yields. The reaction provides convenient access to aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols from vinyl epoxide.
- Lu, Xiao-Yu,Li, Jin-Song,Wang, Jin-Yu,Wang, Shi-Qun,Li, Yue-Ming,Zhu, Yu-Jing,Zhou, Ran,Ma, Wen-Jing
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p. 41561 - 41565
(2019/01/03)
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- Visible-Light-Mediated Aerobic Oxidation of Organoboron Compounds Using in Situ Generated Hydrogen Peroxide
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A simple and general visible-light-mediated oxidation of organoboron compounds has been developed with rose bengal as the photocatalyst, substoichiometric Et3N as the electron donor, as well as air as the oxidant. This mild and metal-free protocol shows a broad substrate scope and provides a wide range of aliphatic alcohols and phenols in moderate to excellent yields. Notably, the robustness of this method is demonstrated on the stereospecific aerobic oxidation of organoboron compounds.
- Weng, Wei-Zhi,Liang, Hao,Zhang, Bo
-
supporting information
p. 4979 - 4983
(2018/08/24)
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- Selective ligand-free cobalt-catalysed reduction of esters to aldehydes or alcohols
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Cobalt(ii) salts combined with NaBHEt3 and eventually a base catalyse efficiently and selectively the reduction of esters to aldehydes or alcohols through hydrosilylation by using phenylsilane. Catalyst characterisation by XRD, XPS, TEM and STEM analyses indicates the materials were partially crystalline with the presence of cobalt nanoparticles. Control experiments suggested low valent Co(0) was the active catalytic species involved.
- Rysak, Vincent,Descamps-Mandine, Armel,Simon, Pardis,Blanchard, Florent,Burylo, Laurence,Trentesaux, Martine,Vandewalle, Maxence,Collière, Vincent,Agbossou-Niedercorn, Francine,Michon, Christophe
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p. 3504 - 3512
(2018/07/29)
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- Nickel Catalyzed Regio-, Diastereo-, and Enantioselective Cross-Coupling of 3,4-Epoxyalcohol with Aryl Iodides
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The first catalytic, regioselective cross-coupling of 3,4-epoxyalcohol with aryl iodides is reported. The combination of NiCl2·DME and a newly developed C2-symmetric oxazoline ligand plays a key role in selective ring opening of seve
- Banerjee, Amit,Yamamoto, Hisashi
-
supporting information
p. 4363 - 4366
(2017/08/23)
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- Chemo- and Enantioselective Intramolecular Silver-Catalyzed Aziridinations
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Asymmetric nitrene-transfer reactions are a powerful tool for the preparation of enantioenriched amine building blocks. Reported herein are chemo- and enantioselective silver-catalyzed aminations which transform di- and trisubstituted homoallylic carbamates into [4.1.0]-carbamate-tethered aziridines in good yields and with ee values of up to 92 %. The effects of the substrate, silver counteranion, ligand, solvent, and temperature on both the chemoselectivity and ee value were explored. Stereochemical models were proposed to rationalize the observed absolute stereochemistry of the aziridines, which undergo nucleophilic ring opening to yield enantioenriched amines with no erosion in stereochemical integrity.
- Ju, Minsoo,Weatherly, Cale D.,Guzei, Ilia A.,Schomaker, Jennifer M.
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p. 9944 - 9948
(2017/08/08)
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- Palladium-catalyzed oxidative allylation of bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane: Synthesis of homoallylic boronic esters
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A palladium-catalyzed oxidative allylation of bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane to afford the corresponding homoallylic organoboronic esters with moderate to excellent yields is reported. This novel transformation provides an efficient strategy for the construction of homoallylic organoboronic esters in one step with a broad substrate scope. It is proposed that the palladium-catalyzed oxidative allylic C-H bond activation process may be involved in the catalytic cycle.
- Li, Chunsheng,Li, Meng,Li, Jianxiao,Wu, Wanqing,Jiang, Huanfeng
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supporting information
p. 66 - 69
(2017/12/27)
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- Alkene Dioxygenation with Malonoyl Peroxides: Synthesis of γ-Lactones, Isobenzofuranones, and Tetrahydrofurans
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Treatment of homoallylic alcohols or carboxylic acids with malonoyl peroxide 1 provides a stereoselective method for the preparation of tetrahydrofurans, γ-lactones, and isobenzofuranones in 44-82% yield and up to 27:1 trans selectivity. Application of this simple and effective heterocyclization in the synthesis of the antidepressant citalopram is also described.
- Alamillo-Ferrer, Carla,Karabourniotis-Sotti, Marianna,Kennedy, Alan R.,Campbell, Matthew,Tomkinson, Nicholas C. O.
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supporting information
p. 3102 - 3105
(2016/07/13)
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- Discovery of Potent Benzofuran-Derived Diapophytoene Desaturase (CrtN) Inhibitors with Enhanced Oral Bioavailability for the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections
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Blocking the staphyloxanthin biosynthesis process has emerged as a new promising antivirulence strategy. Previously, we first revealed that CrtN is a druggable target against infections caused by pigmented Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and that naftifine was an effective CrtN inhibitor. Here, we identify a new type of benzofuran-derived CrtN inhibitor with submicromolar IC50 values that is based on the naftifine scaffold. The most potent analog, 5m, inhibits the pigment production of S. aureus Newman and three MRSA strains, with IC50 values of 0.38-5.45 nM, without any impact on the survival of four strains (up to 200 μM). Notably, compound 5m (1 μM) could significantly sensitize four strains to immune clearance and could effectively attenuate the virulence of three strains in vivo. Moreover, 5m was determined to be a weak antifungal reagent (MIC > 16 μg/mL). Combined with good oral bioavailability (F = 42.2%) and excellent safety profiles, these data demonstrate that 5m may be a good candidate for the treatment of MRSA infections.
- Wang, Youxin,Chen, Feifei,Di, Hongxia,Xu, Yong,Xiao, Qiang,Wang, Xuehai,Wei, Hanwen,Lu, Yanli,Zhang, Lingling,Zhu, Jin,Sheng, Chunquan,Lan, Lefu,Li, Jian
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p. 3215 - 3230
(2016/05/19)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Tetrahydrofurans
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The copper-catalyzed intramolecular diastereoselective trifluoromethylcycloetherification of homoallylic alcohols with Togni's reagent as trifluoromethylating reagent was realized under mild conditions. Various trifluoromethylated tetrahydrofurans were synthesized in moderate to good yields. Moreover, a wide range of common functional groups was tolerated.
- Wang, Yanan,Jiang, Min,Liu, Jin-Tao
-
supporting information
p. 1322 - 1327
(2016/04/26)
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- SULFAMATE DERIVATIVE COMPOUND FOR USE IN PREVENTING OR TREATING EPILEPSY
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The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing epilepsy containing a sulfamate derivative compound and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for treatment or prevention epilepsy comprising administering a sulfamate derivative compound in a pharmaceutically effective amount to a subject in need of treatment or prevention of epilepsy.
- -
-
Page/Page column 144; 145
(2015/06/25)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Phosphonation-Annulation Approaches to the Synthesis of β-Phosphonotetrahydrofurans Involving C-P and C-O Bonds Formation
-
Substituted tetrahydrofuran derivatives play important roles as biological activities. A versatile method for the synthesis of β-phosphonotetrahydrofurans has been developed based on Cu-catalyzed difunctionalization of alkenes. This transformation would provide a new pathway for the formation of Csp3-P and Csp3-O bonds in one step. Furthermore, this copper catalyst system can be used in the synthesis of β-phosphonotetrahydropyrans and phosphono-β-butyrolactones. These reactions were also performed well by using 3 equiv of Mn(OAc)3·2H2O as the oxidant without copper catalyst.
- Gao, Yuzhen,Li, Xueqin,Chen, Weizhu,Tang, Guo,Zhao, Yufen
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p. 11398 - 11406
(2015/12/01)
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- Hydroxy-directed, fluoride-catalyzed epoxide hydrosilylation for the synthesis of 1,4-diols
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Abstract A novel highly regioselective, fluoride-catalyzed hydrosilylation of β-hydroxy epoxides has been developed. The reaction is modular and applicable to the synthesis of a broad range of 1,4-diols. Fluoride is crucial for two reasons: First, it promotes the formation of a silyl ether (which contains a Si-H bond) and, second, it enables ring opening by an intramolecular SN2 reaction through activation of the silane. The reaction can be performed under air. A modular, convergent, and stereoselective synthesis of 1,4-diols by epoxide hydrosilylation has been developed (see scheme). The reaction occurs under fluoride catalysis, is high yielding, highly regioselective, and can be carried out on a large scale.
- Zhang, Yong-Qiang,Funken, Nico,Winterscheid, Peter,Gans?uer, Andreas
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supporting information
p. 6931 - 6934
(2015/06/08)
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- Hot water-promoted cyclopropylcarbinyl rearrangement facilitates construction of homoallylic alcohols
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In refluxing 9 : 1 (v/v) H2O-1,4-dioxane and without an additional catalyst, the rearrangements of various types of cyclopropyl carbinols were attempted. It was found that the reactions generally gave homoallylic alcohols in good to very high chemical yields. Rearrangements of bicyclic or tricyclic cyclopropyl carbinols readily gave the desired ring-expanded cyclic homoallylic alcohols which are difficult to synthesize by other means.
- Li, Pei-Fang,Yi, Cheng-Bo,Qu, Jin
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p. 5012 - 5021
(2015/05/05)
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- One-Carbon Homologation of Primary Alcohols and the Reductive Homologation of Aldehydes Involving a Jocic-Type Reaction
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(Trichloromethyl)carbinols, which are formed in one operation from either alcohols or aldehydes, can be converted into primary alcohols in a Jocic-type reaction involving LiBH4. The net result is a convenient two-step, one-carbon homologation of primary alcohols or a reductive one-carbon homologation of aldehydes featuring a broad substrate scope. The method is step-economical, and it nicely complements established one-carbon homologation strategies. (Trichloromethyl)carbinols, which are formed in one operation from either alcohols or aldehydes, can be converted into primary alcohols in a Jocic-type reaction involving LiBH4. The net result is a convenient two-step, one-carbon homologation of primary alcohols or a reductive one-carbon homologation of aldehydes featuring a broad substrate scope.
- Li, Zhexi,Gupta, Manoj K.,Snowden, Timothy S.
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p. 7009 - 7019
(2015/11/16)
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- Direct generation of oxygen-stabilized radicals by H? transfer from transition metal hydrides
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Transition-metal hydrides generate α-alkoxy radicals by H? transfer to enol ethers. We have measured the rate constant for transfer from CpCr-(CO)3H to n-butyl vinyl ether and have examined the chemistry of radicals generated by such transfers.
- Kuo, Jonathan L.,Hartung, John,Han, Arthur,Norton, Jack R.
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p. 1036 - 1039
(2015/02/19)
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- CARBAMATE DERIVATIVES OF LACTAM BASED N-ACYLETHANOLAMINE ACID AMIDASE (NAAA) INHIBITORS
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Described herein are compounds and pharmaceutical compositions which inhibit N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA). Described herein are methods for synthesizing the compounds set forth herein and methods for formulating these compounds as pharmaceutical compositions which include these compounds. Also described herein are methods of inhibiting NAAA in order to sustain the levels of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and other N-acylethanolamines (NAE) that are substrates for NAAA, in conditions characterized by reduced concentrations of NAE. Also, described here are methods of treating and ameliorating pain, inflammation, inflammatory diseases, and other disorders in which modulation of fatty acid ethanolamides is clinically or therapeutically relevant or in which decreased levels of NAE are associated with the disorder.
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Paragraph 0360; 0361
(2014/09/29)
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- Mn-catalyzed three-component reactions of imines/nitriles, grignard reagents, and tetrahydrofuran: An expedient access to 1,5-amino/keto alcohols
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An expedient Mn-catalyzed three-component synthesis of 1,5-amino/keto alcohols from Grignard reagents, imines/nitriles, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) is described, which deviates from the classic Grignard addition to imines/nitriles in THF solvent. THF is split and sewn in an unprecedented manner in the reaction, leading to the formation of two geminal C-C bonds via C-H and C-O cleavage. Mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations reveal radical and organo-Mn intermediates in the catalytic cycle and the α-arylative ring-opening of THF as the key reaction step.
- He, Ruoyu,Jin, Xiqing,Chen, Hui,Huang, Zhi-Tang,Zheng, Qi-Yu,Wang, Congyang
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supporting information
p. 6558 - 6561
(2014/05/20)
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- Asymmetric 5-endo chloroetherification of homoallylic alcohols toward the synthesis of chiral β-chlorotetrahydrofurans
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An asymmetric 5-endo chloroetherification of homoallylic alcohols is successfully developed that employs an easily available quaternary ammonium salt derived from cinchonine as a conventional organocatalyst. This approach provides ready access to β-chloro
- Zeng, Xianghua,Miao, Chengxia,Wang, Shoufeng,Xia, Chungu,Sun, Wei
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supporting information
p. 2418 - 2420
(2013/04/10)
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- Domino catalysis: Palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of allylic alcohols to β,γ-unsaturated esters
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Make it green: The Pd-catalyzed carbonylation of allylic alcohols with aliphatic alcohols represents a cost-effective, salt-free, and atom-economic carbonylation process generating water as the sole by-product. Mechanistic studies uncovered a new domino C-O coupling/carbonylation reaction pathway. Copyright
- Liu, Qiang,Wu, Lipeng,Jiao, Haijun,Fang, Xianjie,Jackstell, Ralf,Beller, Matthias
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p. 8064 - 8068
(2013/08/23)
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- Ni-catalyzed stereoselective arylation of inert C-O bonds at low temperatures
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A Ni-catalyzed arylation of inert C-O bonds that operates at temperatures as low as -40 C is described. Unlike other methods for C-O bond cleavage utilizing organometallic species, this protocol operates at low temperatures, thus allowing the presence of sensitive functional groups with exquisite site-selectivity and stereoselectivity.
- Cornella, Josep,Martin, Ruben
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supporting information
p. 6298 - 6301
(2014/01/17)
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- Palladium- and ruthenium-catalyzed cycloisomerization of enynamides and enynhydrazides: A rapid approach to diverse azacyclic frameworks
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I want to ride my azacycle: The title reaction of enynamides affords a wide diversity of azacycles. The reactions are high-yielding, highly stereoselective, and proceed rapidly under mild reaction conditions. Equivalent transformations using enynhydrazides offer new routes to pyrazole and indazole scaffolds. Boc=tert-butoxycarbonyl, EWG=electron-withdrawing group, Ns=4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl, Ts=4-toluenesulfonyl. Copyright
- Walker, P. Ross,Campbell, Craig D.,Suleman, Abid,Carr, Greg,Anderson, Edward A.
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supporting information
p. 9139 - 9143
(2013/09/12)
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- Application of sulfuryl chloride for the quick construction of β-chlorotetrahydrofuran derivatives from homoallylic alcohols under mild conditions
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An efficient and mild method is reported for the construction of β-chlorotetrahydrofuran derivatives by 5-endo chlorocycloetherification of homoallylic alcohols. The system employs sulfuryl chloride as the chlorinating agent under catalyst-free conditions. A variety of homoallylic alcohols with aryl or alkyl substituents were smoothly converted into β- chlorotetrahydrofurans in yields up to 98%.
- Zeng, Xianghua,Miao, Chengxia,Wang, Shoufeng,Xia, Chungu,Sun, Wei
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supporting information
p. 2391 - 2396
(2013/09/23)
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- Tandem five membered-ring selective Prins reaction and Friedel-Crafts reaction
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A tandem reaction consisting of five membered-ring selective Prins cyclization and subsequent Friedel-Crafts cyclization was developed. The reactions of phenyl homoallylic alcohol 3 and benzaldehyde derivatives 6 afforded tetrahydroindenofurans 7 or penta
- Suzuki, Yuji,Niwa, Takanori,Yasui, Eiko,Mizukami, Megumi,Miyashita, Masaaki,Nagumo, Shinji
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experimental part
p. 1337 - 1340
(2012/04/04)
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- Palladium-catalyzed allylic cross-coupling reactions of primary and secondary homoallylic electrophiles
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The Pd(0)-catalyzed allylic cross-coupling of homoallylic tosylate substrates using boronic acids and pinacol esters is reported. The reaction uses 2-(4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl)quinoline (quinox) as a ligand and is performed at ambient temperature. The scope of the reaction is broad in terms of both the boronate transmetalating reagent and the substrate and includes secondary tosylates. Mechanistic studies support an alkene-mediated SN2-type stereoinvertive oxidative addition of unactivated primary and secondary alkyl tosylates.
- Stokes, Benjamin J.,Opra, Susanne M.,Sigman, Matthew S.
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p. 11408 - 11411
(2012/09/05)
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- Synthesis of allylic and homoallylic alcohols from unsaturated cyclic ethers using a mild and selective C-O reduction approach
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Unsaturated cyclic ethers can be mildly and selectively reduced with catalytic amounts of B(C6F5)3 in the presence of an alkylsilane. The allylic position is preferentially reduced with minimal or no scrambling of olefin geometry. For electronically equivalent substrates, steric factors guide the reducing agent to the least substituted site.
- MacK, Daniel J.,Guo, Boying,Njardarson, Jon T.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 7844 - 7846
(2012/09/05)
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- One-pot synthesis of benzo[f]quinolin-3-ones and benzo[a]phenanthridein-5- ones by the photoanuulation of 6-chloropyridin-2-ones and 3-chloroisoquinolin-1- ones to phenylacetylene
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The one-pot synthesis of benzo[f]quinolin-3-ones and benzo[a] phenanthridein-5-ones was achieved by the inter- and intramolecular photoannulation of 6-chloropyridin-2-ones and 3-chloroisoquinolin-1-ones with phenylacetylene or tethered phenylacetylene. The reactions were proceeded by photoaddition of 6-chloropyridin-2-ones and 3-chloroisoquinolin-1-ones to phenylacetylene to give the chlorine-substituted stilbenoids, and then 6π electrocyclization of the stilbenoids and oxidation aromatization to afford the polycyclic products.
- Wang, Ren,Lu, Shen-Ci,Zhang, Yi-Ming,Shi, Zong-Jun,Zhang, Wei
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5802 - 5808
(2011/10/02)
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- One-pot synthesis of fused benzo[c]carbazoles by photochemical intramolecular annulation of 3-acyl-2-haloindoles with tethered styrenes
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An efficient procedure for the synthesis of fused benzo[c]carbazoles has been achieved in moderate to high yields by the one-pot photochemical annulation of 3-acyl-2-haloindoles with tethered styrenes by photoinduced electron-transfer coupling, electrocyclic reactions, and deacylative aromatization in the presence of pyridine. Fused furo[2,3-c]carbazoles were also synthesized under the same conditions. 5,6-Dihydrobenzo[c]pyrrolo[1,2,3-lm] carbazoles were oxidized by DDQ to afford aromatic benzo[c]pyrrolo[1,2,3-lm] carbazole products in moderate to high yields.
- Lu, Shen-Ci,Wei, Shi-Chao,Wang, Wei-Xia,Zhang, Wei,Tu, Zhi-Feng
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5905 - 5910
(2011/11/06)
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