- One-Pot Asymmetric Oxidative Dearomatization of 2-Substituted Indoles by Merging Transition Metal Catalysis with Organocatalysis to Access C2-Tetrasubstituted Indolin-3-Ones
-
A one-pot approach for the asymmetric synthesis of C2-tetrasubstituted indolin-3-ones from 2-substituted indoles was developed via merging transition metal catalysis with organocatalysis. This strategy involves two processes, including CuI catalyzed oxidative dearomatization of 2-substituted indoles using O2 as green oxidant, and followed by an proline-promoted asymmetric Mannich reaction with ketones or aldehydes. A series of C2-tetrasubstituted indolin-3-ones were obtained in 35–86% yields, 2:1->20:1 dr and 48–99% ee. Moreover, the synthetic 2-tetrasubstituted indolin-3-ones could be easily transformed into 1H-[1,3] oxazino [3,4-a]indol-5(3H)-ones via a [4+1] cyclization process. In addition, the synthetic compound 3 s show certain antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC25923 and multi-drug resistance bacterial strain of S. aureus (20151027077) and its MIC values up to 8 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL, respectively. (Figure presented.).
- Zhao, Yong-Long,An, Jian-Xiong,Yang, Fen-Fen,Guan, Xiang,Fu, Xiao-Zhong,Li, Zong-Qin,Wang, Da-Peng,Zhou, Meng,Yang, Yuan-Yong,He, Bin
-
p. 1277 - 1285
(2022/03/14)
-
- Cobalt-Catalyzed Dearomatization of Indoles via Transfer Hydrogenation to Afford Polycyclic Indolines
-
A cobalt-catalyzed dearomatization of indoles via transfer hydrogenation with HBpin and H2O has been developed. This reaction offered a straightforward platform to access hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]indoles in high regio- and chemoselectivity. A preliminary reaction mechanism was proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments, and a cobalt hydride species was involved in the reaction.
- Chen, Siwei,Cai, Min,Huang, Junru,Yao, Hequan,Lin, Aijun
-
supporting information
p. 2212 - 2216
(2021/04/05)
-
- Modular counter-Fischer?indole synthesis through radical-enolate coupling
-
A single-electron transfer mediated modular indole formation reaction from a 2-iodoaniline derivative and a ketone has been developed. This transition-metal-free reaction shows a broad substrate scope and unconventional regioselectivity trends. Moreover, important functional groups for further transformation are tolerated under the reaction conditions. Density functional theory studies reveal that the reaction proceeds by metal coordination, which converts a disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization to an accessible 7-endo-trig process.
- Chung, Hyunho,Kim, Jeongyun,Gonzalez-Montiel, Gisela A.,Cheong, Paul Ha-Yeon,Lee, Hong Geun
-
supporting information
p. 1096 - 1102
(2021/01/26)
-
- Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Arylation between 2-Arylindoles and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
-
The copper-catalyzed enantioselective C-H arylation between 2-arylindoles and hypervalent iodine reagents has been successfully developed, which provides a convenient and economical route to the highly atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral indole de
- Liang, Hao,Zhu, Guoxun,Pu, Xiaoyun,Qiu, Liqin
-
p. 9246 - 9250
(2021/12/06)
-
- Iron-catalysed radical cyclization to synthesize germanium-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones and indolin-2-ones
-
A simple and efficient strategy for iron-catalysed cascade radical cyclization was developed, by which an array of germanium-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones and indolin-2-ones were obtained in one pot with germanium hydrides as radical precursors. A rapid intramolecular radical trapping mode enabled the selective arylgermylation of alkenes over the prevalent hydrogermylation reaction.
- Li, Zhiping,Luo, Yani,Lv, Leiyang,Nishihara, Yasushi,Tian, Tian
-
supporting information
p. 9276 - 9279
(2021/09/20)
-
- Aniline-initiated and Br?nsted acid-catalyzed one-pot reaction toward 2-aryl-3-sulfenylindoles by using α-aminocarbonyl compounds and primary amines with RSSR
-
A highly novel method of direct synthesis of 2-aryl-3-sulfenylindoles in moderate to good yields was developed via one-pot tandem reaction of readily available α-aminocarbonyl compounds and catalytic amount of benzenamines with RSSR.
- Chen, De,Cheng, Chaozhihui,Deng, Wei,Guan, Wenjian,Liu, Yuxuan,Luo, Yongyue,Xiang, Jiannan,Zhang, Jiajia
-
-
- B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex-Mediated Aerobic Sulfenylation of Indoles under Visible-Light Conditions
-
An efficient B(C6F5)3-catalyzed aerobic oxidative C-S cross-coupling reaction of thiophenol with indoles was developed, affording a wide range of diaryl sulfides in good yields. An electron donor-acceptor complex between B(C6F5)3 and indoles was formed, facilitating the photoinduced single-electron transfer (SET) from indole substrates to the B(C6F5)3 catalyst. This protocol demonstrates a new reaction model using B(C6F5)3 as a single-electron oxidant.
- Yuan, Wenkai,Huang, Jie,Xu, Xin,Wang, Long,Tang, Xiang-Ying
-
p. 7139 - 7143
(2021/09/14)
-
- Acid-catalyzed cleavage of C-C bonds enables atropaldehyde acetals as masked C2 electrophiles for organic synthesis
-
Acid-catalyzed tandem reactions of atropaldehyde acetals were established for the synthesis of three important molecules, 2,2-disubstituted indolin-3-ones, naphthofurans and stilbenes. The synthesis was realized using novel reaction cascades, which involved the same two initial steps: (i) SN2′ substitution, in which the atropaldehyde acted as an electrophile; and (ii) oxidative cleavage of the carbon-carbon bond of the generated phenylacetaldehyde-type products. Compared with literature methods, the present protocol not only avoided the use of expensive noble metal catalysts, but also enabled a simple operation.
- Chen, Shaomin,Gu, Yanlong,Li, Minghao
-
p. 10431 - 10434
(2021/10/12)
-
- An iron(iii)-catalyzed dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction of indoles with benzylamines to prepare 3-aminoindole derivatives
-
We report a green cascade approach to prepare a variety of 3-aminoindole derivatives in good to excellent yields through an iron(iii)-catalyzed dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction of 2-arylindoles and primary benzylamines under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies show that a cascade reaction involves a tert-butyl nitrite (TBN)-mediated nitrosation of 2-substituted indoles and a 1,5-hydrogen shift to afford indolenine oximes, sequential iron(iii)-catalyzed condensation and a 1,5-hydrogen shift over four steps in a one-pot reaction. The reaction shows a broad substrate scope of indoles and benzylamines and tolerates a wide range of functional groups. Moreover, the reaction is easily performed at the gram scale without producing waste after the reaction is completed. The 3-aminoindole product is purified by simple extraction, washing, and recrystallization without flash column chromatography. A double imine ligand containing the 3-aminoindole unit is facile to obtain in a 52% yield in one step. The present method highlights readily available starting materials, a simple purification procedure, and the usage of cheap, nontoxic, and environmentally benign iron(iii) catalysts. This journal is
- Chen, Wei-Li,Li, Kun,Liang, Cui,Liang, Wang-Fu,Liao, Wei-Cong,Mo, Dong-Liang,Qiu, Pei-Wen,Su, Gui-Fa
-
p. 9610 - 9616
(2021/12/09)
-
- Discovery of New 4-Indolyl Quinazoline Derivatives as Highly Potent and Orally Bioavailable P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors
-
The major drawbacks of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors at the clinical stage make the development of new P-gp inhibitors challenging and desirable. In this study, we reported our structure-activity relationship studies of 4-indolyl quinazoline, which led to the discovery of a highly effective and orally active P-gp inhibitor, YS-370. YS-370 effectively reversed multidrug resistance (MDR) to paclitaxel and colchicine in SW620/AD300 and HEK293T-ABCB1 cells. YS-370 bound directly to P-gp, did not alter expression or subcellular localization of P-gp in SW620/AD300 cells, but increased the intracellular accumulation of paclitaxel. Furthermore, YS-370 stimulated the P-gp ATPase activity and had moderate inhibition against CYP3A4. Significantly, oral administration of YS-370 in combination with paclitaxel achieved much stronger antitumor activity in a xenograft model bearing SW620/Ad300 cells than either drug alone. Taken together, our data demonstrate that YS-370 is a promising P-gp inhibitor capable of overcoming MDR and represents a unique scaffold for the development of new P-gp inhibitors.
- Chen, Zhe-Sheng,Dai, Qing-Qing,Li, Guo-Bo,Liu, Hong-Min,Liu, Hui,Wang, Bo,Wang, Shaomeng,Yu, Bin,Yuan, Shuo,Zhang, Jing-Ya,Zhang, Xiao-Nan,Zuo, Jia-Hui
-
p. 14895 - 14911
(2021/10/12)
-
- Method for synthesizing 2-substituted indole derivative under catalysis of copper
-
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing a 2-substituted indole derivative under the catalysis of copper, which comprises the following step of: reacting by taking copper acetylacetonate (Cu (acac) 2) as a catalyst and taking indole and halogenated hydrocarbon as raw materials to obtain the 2-substituted indole derivative. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the copper acetylacetonate Cu (acac) 2 which is low in price, easy to obtain and stable in property is used as the catalyst, the method is green and economical, the catalyst is used for catalyzing the indole and halogenated hydrocarbon to react to synthesize the 2-substituted indole derivative, the reaction condition is mild, and the selectivity and yield of the product are high; and the synthesis method is simple and green, the 2-substituted indole derivative is directly constructed by using cheap and easily available raw materials indole and halogenated hydrocarbon, and the 2-substituted indole derivative has good substrate universality and has wide application value in the fields of pharmaceutical chemistry, fine chemical industry and the like.
- -
-
Paragraph 0047-0050
(2021/09/11)
-
- Synthesis and Catalytic Use of Polar Phosphinoferrocene Amidosulfonates Bearing Bulky Substituents at the Ferrocene Backbone
-
Anionic phosphinoferrocene amidosulfonates bearing sterically demanding tert-butyl substituents in positions 3 and 3′ of the ferrocene scaffold, viz. rac-(Et3NH)[Fe(η5-tBuC5H3PR2)(η5-tBuC5H3C(O)NHCH2SO3)] (R = phenyl, cyclohexyl), were synthesized by amidation of the corresponding phosphinocarboxylic acids, [Fe(η5-tBuC5H3PR2)(η5-tBuC5H3CO2H)]. These ditopic polar phosphinoferrocenes and their non-tert-butylated analogues have been used as ligands to prepare zwitterionic (η3-allyl)palladium(II) complexes [Pd(η3-C3H5){Fe(η5-R′C5H3PR2)(η5-R′C5H3C(O)NHCH2SO3)}] (R′ = H, tBu; R = Ph, Cy). Depending on the isolation procedure and crystallization conditions, some complexes were isolated in two isomeric forms which differed in the coordination of the amidosulfonate pendant group, where either amide or sulfonated oxygen ligated the Pd(II) center. The preference for coordination of the amide or sulfonate oxygen atoms has been explained by the interplay of electrostatic and solvation effects and further supported by DFT calculations. The (η3-allyl)PdII complexes have been applied as defined precatalysts for Pd-catalyzed C-H arylation of an unprotected indole with aryl iodides in polar solvents. Under the optimized reaction conditions at 100 °C in water, C2-arylation proceeded selectively with various aryl iodides to produce the respective 2-arylindoles in acceptable yields at a low catalyst loading (1 mol % Pd) and in the absence of any phase transfer agent. The catalyst possessing tert-butyl groups at the ferrocene core and an electron-rich dicyclohexylphosphino group exhibited the best catalytic performance.
- Vosáhlo, Petr,Radal, Leá,Labonde, Marine,Císa?ová, Ivana,Roger, Julien,Pirio, Nadine,Hierso, Jean-Cyrille,?těpni?ka, Petr
-
p. 1934 - 1944
(2021/06/28)
-
- Iminyl-radicals by electrochemical decarboxylation of α-imino-oxy acids: construction of indole-fused polycyclics
-
Iminyl radicals are reactive intermediates that can be used for the construction of various valuable heterocycles. Herein, the electrochemical decarboxylation of α-imino-oxy acids for the generation of iminyl radicals has been accomplished under exogenous-oxidant- and metal-free conditions through the use ofnBu4NBr as a mediator. The resulting iminyl radicals undergo intramolecular cyclization smoothly with the adjacent (hetero)arenes to afford a series of indole-fused polycyclic compounds.
- Wan, Jin-Lin,Cui, Jian-Feng,Zhong, Wei-Qiang,Huang, Jing-Mei
-
supporting information
p. 10242 - 10245
(2021/10/12)
-
- Application of Fluorine- And Nitrogen-Walk Approaches: Defining the Structural and Functional Diversity of 2-Phenylindole Class of Cannabinoid 1 Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulators
-
Cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) allosteric ligands hold a far-reaching therapeutic promise. We report the application of fluoro- and nitrogen-walk approaches to enhance the drug-like properties of GAT211, a prototype CB1R allosteric agonist-positive allosteric modulator (ago-PAM). Several analogs exhibited improved functional potency (cAMP, β-arrestin 2), metabolic stability, and aqueous solubility. Two key analogs, GAT591 (6r) and GAT593 (6s), exhibited augmented allosteric-agonist and PAM activities in neuronal cultures, improved metabolic stability, and enhanced orthosteric agonist binding (CP55,940). Both analogs also exhibited good analgesic potency in the CFA inflammatory-pain model with longer duration of action over GAT211 while being devoid of adverse cannabimimetic effects. Another analog, GAT592 (9j), exhibited moderate ago-PAM potency and improved aqueous solubility with therapeutic reduction of intraocular pressure in murine glaucoma models. The SAR findings and the enhanced allosteric activity in this class of allosteric modulators were accounted for in our recently developed computational model for CB1R allosteric activation and positive allosteric modulation.
- Garai, Sumanta,Kulkarni, Pushkar M.,Schaffer, Peter C.,Leo, Luciana M.,Brandt, Asher L.,Zagzoog, Ayat,Black, Tallan,Lin, Xiaoyan,Hurst, Dow P.,Janero, David R.,Abood, Mary E.,Zimmowitch, Anaelle,Straiker, Alex,Pertwee, Roger G.,Kelly, Melanie,Szczesniak, Anna-Maria,Denovan-Wright, Eileen M.,Mackie, Ken,Hohmann, Andrea G.,Reggio, Patricia H.,Laprairie, Robert B.,Thakur, Ganesh A.
-
p. 542 - 568
(2020/02/04)
-
- INHIBITORS OF APOL1 AND METHODS OF USING SAME
-
The disclosure provides at least one entity chosen from compounds of formula (I), solid state forms of the same, compositions comprising the same, and methods of using the same, including use in treating focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and/or non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD).
- -
-
Paragraph 00401
(2020/07/14)
-
- Room-Temperature Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Direct 2-Arylation of Indoles with Tetraarylstannanes
-
A palladium(II)-catalyzed direct 2-arylation of indoles by tetraarylstannanes with oxygen (balloon) as the oxidant at room temperature has been developed. Various tetraarylstannanes can be employed as aryl sources for 2-arylation of indoles in up to 89% yield, providing a practical and efficient catalytic protocol for accessing 2-arylindoles.
- Liu, Yuxia,Wang, Chao,Huang, Linjuan,Xue, Dong
-
supporting information
p. 1613 - 1618
(2020/09/15)
-
- α-Imino Iridium Carbenes from Imidoyl Sulfoxonium Ylides: Application in the One-Step Synthesis of Indoles
-
Imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides are presented for the first time as potential precursors to generate α-imino metal-carbene intermediates and applied in direct C-H functionalization reactions catalyzed by [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (4 mol %) to provide 2-substituted indoles (up to 70% yield) in just one step. This class of sulfur ylide is successfully obtained from imidoyl chloride and dimethylsulfoxonium methylide (23 new examples in 45-85% yield) or by imino group formation from the corresponding β-keto sulfoxonium ylides and anilines in the presence of TiCl4 as a Lewis acid (9 examples in 33-94% yield).
- Burtoloso, Antonio C. B.,Caiuby, Clarice A. D.,De Jesus, Matheus P.
-
p. 7433 - 7445
(2020/06/27)
-
- Iron-catalyzed reductive coupling of nitroarenes with olefins: Intermediate of iron-nitroso complex
-
Using a single half-sandwich iron(II) compound, CpFe(1,2-Ph2PC6H4S)(NCMe) (Cp- = C5Me5-, 1) as a catalyst, reductive coupling of nitroarenes with olefins has been achieved by a well-defined iron(II)/(EtO)3SiH system. Through either inter- or intramolecular reductive coupling, various branched amines and indole derivatives have been directly synthesized in one-pot. Mechanistic studies showed that the catalysis is initiated by activation of nitroarenes by the iron(II) catalyst with silane, generating iron-nitrosoarene intermediate for the C-N bond coupling.
- Song, Heng,Yang, Zhuoyi,Tung, Chen-Ho,Wang, Wenguang
-
p. 276 - 281
(2019/12/24)
-
- Pd-Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization of Nitroarenes with CO2 as the CO Source
-
A reductive amination process that constructs indoles, carbazoles or benzimidazoles from nitroarenes – irrespective of their electronic or steric nature – was developed that uses CO2 as the source of CO. The process is robust, tolerating common gaseous components of flue gas (H2S, SO2, NO and H2O) without adversely affecting the reductive cyclization.
- Guan, Xinyu,Zhu, Haoran,Zhao, Yingwei,Driver, Tom G.
-
-
- Well-defined (NHC)Pd(N–heterocyclic carboxylate)(OAc) complexes-catalyzed direct C2-arylation of free (NH)-indoles with arylsulfonyl hydrazides
-
A series of well-defined (NHC)Pd(N–heterocyclic carboxylate)(OAc) complexes (N–heterocyclic carboxylate = pyridine-2-carboxylate, quinoline-2-carboxylate and isoquinoline-1-carboxylate) were synthesized and fully characterized by NMR spectra, HR-MS and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The obtained complexes were then used for direct C2-arylation of free (NH)-indoles with arylsulfonyl hydrazides. With low catalyst loading, all complexes exhibited high catalytic activities for the arylation reactions.
- Yang, Jin,Zong, Ling-Li,Zhu, Xiao-Ting,Zhu, Xin-Ying,Zhao, Jian-Yi
-
-
- Merging Visible Light Photocatalysis and l-/d-Proline Catalysis: Direct Asymmetric Oxidative Dearomatization of 2-Arylindoles to Access C2-Quaternary Indolin-3-ones
-
A mild and effective method for asymmetric synthesis of C2-quaternary indolin-3-ones directly from 2-arylindoles by combining visible light photocatalysis and organocatalysis is described. In this reaction, 2-substituted indoles undergo photocatalyzed oxidative dearomatization, followed by an organocatalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction with ketones or aldehydes. Products with opposite configurations are easily obtained in satisfactory yields with excellent enantio- A nd diastereoselectivity by employing readily available l- A nd d-proline as chiral organocatalysts.
- Dong, Chun-Lin,Ding, Xuan,Huang, Lan-Qian,He, Yan-Hong,Guan, Zhi
-
supporting information
p. 1076 - 1080
(2020/02/15)
-
- Highly enantioselective electrosynthesis of C2-quaternary indolin-3-ones
-
A highly enantioselective and direct synthesis of C2-quaternary indolin-3-ones from 2-arylindoles by combining electrochemistry and organocatalysis is described. Excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) and diastereoselectivities (>20 : 1) can be obtained through anodic oxidation in combination with asymmetric proline-catalyzed alkylation in an undivided cell under constant-current conditions.
- Chen, Yu-Jue,Chen, Yuan,Ding, Xuan,Guan, Zhi,He, Yan-Hong,Lu, Fo-Yun
-
supporting information
p. 623 - 626
(2020/01/28)
-
- Indole fluorescence probe as well as preparation method and application thereof
-
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and particularly relates to an indole fluorescence probe and a preparation method and application. thereof, and provides an indole fluorescence probe, of formula I as shown, in the formu
- -
-
Paragraph 0050-0051; 0058-0060
(2020/03/17)
-
- Discovery of novel multi-substituted benzo-indole pyrazole schiff base derivatives with antibacterial activity targeting DNA gyrase
-
The design and synthesis of novel multi-substituted benzo-indole pyrazole Schiff base derivatives of potent DNA gyrase inhibitory activity were the main aims of this study. All the novel synthesized compounds were examined for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. In addition, we selected 20 compounds for the in vitro antibacterial activities assay of 6 drug-resistant bacteria strains. The result revealed compound 8I-w exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against 4 drug-resistant E. coli bacteria strains with IC50 values of 7.0, 17.0, 13.5, and 1.0 μM, respectively. In vitro enzyme inhibitory assay showed that compound 8I-w displayed potent inhibition against DNA gyrase with IC50 values of 0.10 μM. The molecular docking model indicated that compounds 8I-w can bind well to the DNA gyrase by interacting with various amino acid residues. This study demonstrated that the compound 8I-w can act as the most potent DNA gyrase inhibitor in the reported series of compounds and provide valuable information for the commercial DNA gyrase inhibiting bactericides.
- Cao, Hai-Qun,Chu, Zhi-Wen,Liu, Hao,Lv, Xian-Hai,Xia, Dong-Guo
-
-
- Iridium(I)-Catalyzed C?H Borylation in Air by Using Mechanochemistry
-
Mechanochemistry has been applied for the first time to an iridium(I)-catalyzed C?H borylation reaction. By using either none or just a catalytic amount of a liquid, the mechanochemical C?H borylation of a series of heteroaromatic compounds proceeded in air to afford the corresponding arylboronates in good-to-excellent yields. A one-pot mechanochemical C?H borylation/Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling sequence for the direct synthesis of 2-aryl indole derivatives is also described. The present study constitutes an important milestone towards the development of industrially attractive solvent-free C?H bond functionalization processes in air.
- Pang, Yadong,Ishiyama, Tatsuo,Kubota, Koji,Ito, Hajime
-
supporting information
p. 4654 - 4659
(2019/03/17)
-
- Synthetic method of 2-substituted indoles compounds
-
The invention discloses a synthetic method of 2-substituted indoles compounds, and belongs to the organic synthesis field. 2-fluorotoluene compound shown in formula 1 and nitrile compound shown in formula 2 mix with an organic solvent in the presence of strong alkali and cesium salt additives, and react to synthesize the 2-substituted indoles compounds shown in formula 3. The synthesis method of 2-substituted indoles compounds is simple, economical and has wider applicability, is suitable for large-scale production, and has a very important influence on the synthesis of indoles compounds.
- -
-
Paragraph 0010; 0035-0037; 0041; 0043; 0052
(2019/05/02)
-
- Synthesis of Indoles through Domino Reactions of 2-Fluorotoluenes and Nitriles
-
Indoles are essential heterocycles in medicinal chemistry, and therefore, novel and efficient approaches to their synthesis are in high demand. Among indoles, 2-aryl indoles have been described as privileged scaffolds. Advanced herein is a straightforward, practical, and transition-metal-free assembly of 2-aryl indoles. Simply combining readily available 2-fluorotoluenes, nitriles, LiN(SiMe3)2, and CsF enables the generation of a diverse array of indoles (38 examples, 48–92 % yield). A range of substituents can be introduced into each position of the indole backbone (C4 to C7, and aryl groups at C2), providing handles for further elaboration.
- Mao, Jianyou,Wang, Zhiting,Xu, Xinyu,Liu, Guoqing,Jiang, Runsheng,Guan, Haixing,Zheng, Zhipeng,Walsh, Patrick J.
-
supporting information
p. 11033 - 11038
(2019/07/08)
-
- Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation of Imines toward Diverse Indoles
-
An efficient nickel-catalyzed intramolecular direct arylation of imines with challenging aryl chlorides has been developed. The versatile nickel catalysis made use of easily accessible imines and delivered diversely decorated 2-arylindoles of considerable importance to biological and medicinal chemistry.
- Long, Han,Xu, Kunhua,Chen, Shanshan,Lin, Jin,Wu, Dan,Wu, Bo,Tian, Xu,Ackermann, Lutz
-
supporting information
(2019/05/08)
-
- Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation of Imines toward Diverse Indoles
-
An efficient nickel-catalyzed intramolecular direct arylation of imines with challenging aryl chlorides has been developed. The versatile nickel catalysis made use of easily accessible imines and delivered diversely decorated 2-arylindoles of considerable importance to biological and medicinal chemistry.
- Long, Han,Xu, Kunhua,Chen, Shanshan,Lin, Jin,Wu, Dan,Wu, Bo,Tian, Xu,Ackermann, Lutz
-
supporting information
p. 3053 - 3056
(2019/05/10)
-
- One-Pot Reaction between N-Tosylhydrazones and 2-Nitrobenzyl Bromide: Route to NH-Free C2-Arylindoles
-
A one-pot Barluenga coupling between N-tosylhydrazones and nitro-benzyl bromide, followed by deoxygenation of ortho-nitrostyrenes, and subsequent cyclization has been developed, providing a new way to synthesize various C2-arylindoles. This method exhibits a good substrate scope and functional group tolerance, and it allows an access to NH-free indoles, which can present a potential utility in medicinal chemistry applications.
- Bzeih, Tourin,Zhang, Kena,Khalaf, Ali,Hachem, Ali,Alami, Mouad,Hamze, Abdallah
-
p. 228 - 238
(2019/01/04)
-
- A Reusable MOF-Supported Single-Site Zinc(II) Catalyst for Efficient Intramolecular Hydroamination of o-Alkynylanilines
-
The exploitation of new and active earth-abundant metal catalysts is critical for sustainable chemical production. Herein, we demonstrate the design of highly efficient, robust, and reusable ZnII-bipyridine-based metal–organic framework (MOF) catalysts for the intramolecular hydroamination of o-alkynylanilines to indoles. Under similar conditions homogeneous catalytic systems mainly provide hydrolysate. Our results prove that MOFs support unique internal environments that can affect the direction of chemical reactions. The ZnII-catalyzed hydroamination reaction can be conducted without additional ligands, base, or acid, and is thus a very clean reaction system with regard to its environmental impact.
- Li, Beibei,Ju, Zhanfeng,Zhou, Mi,Su, Kongzhao,Yuan, Daqiang
-
supporting information
p. 7687 - 7691
(2019/05/15)
-
- 2-Phenylindole derivatives as anticancer agents: synthesis and screening against murine melanoma, human lung and breast cancer cell lines
-
Indole derivatives have attractive anticancer properties and may be a future hope for better anticancer drug(s) of low toxicity and high potency. In this paper, syntheses of 2-phenylindole derivatives have been described via Fischer indole synthesis through a one-pot solvent-free method. The synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer potential in vitro against murine melanoma (B16F10), human lung cancer (A549), and human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. The results highlighted that 2-phenylindole derivatives are also promising anticancer agents in case of melanoma and lung cancer along with the breast cancer. Molecular docking analyses with possible targets for melanoma (NEDD4-1) and lung cancer (EGFR) were also performed to understand specific interactions of 2-phenylindole derivatives with the amino acid residues of the receptors.
- Gaikwad, Ruchi,Bobde, Yamini,Ganesh, Routholla,Patel, Tarun,Rathore, Anju,Ghosh, Balaram,Das, Kalpataru,Gayen, Shovanlal
-
p. 2258 - 2269
(2019/06/27)
-
- Green approach for the synthesis of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-4-((2-phenyl-1H-indol 3-yl)methylene)-1H-pyrazole-5(4H)-ones and their DNA Cleavage, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities
-
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-4-((2-phenyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-ones (5a-i) was prepared by the condensation reaction of different 3-formyl-2-phenylindole derivatives (2a-i) and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one in quantitative yield by applying various green synthetic methods as grinding, microwave irradiation using different catalysts under solvent-free mild reaction conditions with high product yields. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, infrared, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. The synthesized compounds were screened for free radical scavenging, antimicrobial, and DNA cleavage activities. Most of the tested compounds belonging to the 3-methyl-1-phenyl-4-((2-phenyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-ones series exhibited promising activities.
- Modi, Madhuri,Jain, Meenakshi
-
p. 3303 - 3312
(2019/11/03)
-
- Stereoselective synthesis of 3-spiropiperidino indolenines via SN2-type ring opening of activated aziridines with 1H-indoles/Pd-catalyzed spirocyclization with propargyl carbonates
-
3-Spiropiperidino indolenines have been synthesized via novel Lewis acid-catalyzed SN2-type ring opening of activated aziridines with 1H-indoles followed by Pd-catalyzed dearomative spirocyclization with propargyl carbonates in up to 88% yields
- Pradhan, Sajan,Shahi, Chandan Kumar,Bhattacharyya, Aditya,Ghorai, Manas K.
-
supporting information
p. 8583 - 8586
(2018/08/06)
-
- Synthesis of 2-Aminobenzonitriles through Nitrosation Reaction and Sequential Iron(III)-Catalyzed C-C Bond Cleavage of 2-Arylindoles
-
A variety of 2-aminobenzonitriles were prepared from 2-arylindoles in good to excellent yields through tert-butylnitrite (TBN)-mediated nitrosation and sequential iron(III)-catalyzed C-C Bond cleavage in a one-pot fashion. The 2-aminobenzonitriles can be used to rapidly synthesize benzoxazinones by intramolecular condensation. The present method features an inexpensive iron(III) catalyst, gram scalable preparations, and novel C-C bond cleavage of indoles.
- Chen, Wei-Li,Wu, Si-Yi,Mo, Xue-Ling,Wei, Liu-Xu,Liang, Cui,Mo, Dong-Liang
-
p. 3527 - 3530
(2018/06/26)
-
- Copper-Catalyzed Radical Sulfonylation of N-Propargylindoles with Concomitant 1,2-Aryl Migration
-
A novel copper-catalyzed cascade radical sulfonylation of N-propargyl-substituted indoles with concomitant 1,2-aryl migration was described. The protocol, which has good functional-group tolerance, provides practical, versatile and atom-economical method of accessing a new class of fascinating 2-sulfonated pyrrolo[1,2-α]indole derivatives in moderate to good yields through the formation of the new C?S, C?C and C=O bonds in a one-step. (Figure presented.).
- Zhu, Xin-Yu,Han, Ya-Ping,Li, Ming,Li, Xue-Song,Liang, Yong-Min
-
p. 3460 - 3465
(2018/05/30)
-
- Palladium-Catalyzed C2?H Arylation of Unprotected (N?H)-Indoles “On Water” Using Primary Diamantyl Phosphine Oxides as a Class of Primary Phosphine Oxide Ligands
-
We present the Pd-catalyzed arylation of (N?H)-indoles with functionalized haloarenes “on water” using hitherto untested primary diamantyl phosphine oxides (PPO) as ligands. Remarkable C2?H arylation selectivity was achieved by employing functionalized iodoarenes and N-unprotected indoles. We provide evidence that the in situ generated oxide of (9-hydroxydiamant-4-yl)phosphine L1 is key for the reaction efficiency by comparing a set of diamantane-based compounds structurally related to L1. Our results demonstrate the power of the new PPO ligands for the C?H functionalization of unprotected (N?H)-heterocycles.
- Moncea, Oana,Poinsot, Didier,Fokin, Andrey A.,Schreiner, Peter R.,Hierso, Jean-Cyrille
-
p. 2915 - 2922
(2018/05/14)
-
- Design and applications of new phosphine-free tetradentate Pd-catalyst: Regioselective C–H activation on 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles and indoles(NH-Free)
-
This article describes the synthesis of a new phosphine free tetradentate Pd catalyst using dl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid. The complex was characterized by Mass, IR, and 1H NMR. The catalyst is air stable at room temperature and non-hygroscopic. Application of this new catalyst to regioselective C–H activation on 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazole and indoles with aryl iodides to get corresponding C-5 and C-2 arylated products with satisfactory yields. All the products were characterized by spectroscopic studies.
- Markandeya, Sarma V.,Renuka, Ch.,Lakshmi, Parvathi K.,Rajesh,Sridhar, Chidara,Babu, Korupolu Raghu
-
p. 135 - 145
(2017/12/28)
-
- Structure-activity relationships and docking studies of synthetic 2-arylindole derivatives determined with aromatase and quinone reductase 1
-
In our ongoing effort of discovering anticancer and chemopreventive agents, a series of 2-arylindole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated toward aromatase and quinone reductase 1 (QR1). Biological evaluation revealed that several compounds (e.g., 2d, IC50 = 1.61 μM; 21, IC50 = 3.05 μM; and 27, IC50 = 3.34 μM) showed aromatase inhibitory activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the low micromolar concentrations. With regard to the QR1 induction activity, 11 exhibited the highest QR1 induction ratio (IR) with a low concentration to double activity (CD) value (IR = 8.34, CD = 2.75 μM), while 7 showed the most potent CD value of 1.12 μM. A dual acting compound 24 showed aromatase inhibition (IC50 = 9.00 μM) as well as QR1 induction (CD = 5.76 μM) activities. Computational docking studies using CDOCKER (Discovery Studio 3.5) provided insight in regard to the potential binding modes of 2-arylindoles within the aromatase active site. Predominantly, the 2-arylindoles preferred binding with the 2-aryl group toward a small hydrophobic pocket within the active site. The C-5 electron withdrawing group on indole was predicted to have an important role and formed a hydrogen bond with Ser478 (OH). Alternatively, meta-pyridyl analogs may orient with the pyridyl 3′-nitrogen coordinating with the heme group.
- Prior, Allan M.,Yu, Xufen,Park, Eun-Jung,Kondratyuk, Tamara P.,Lin, Yan,Pezzuto, John M.,Sun, Dianqing
-
p. 5393 - 5399
(2017/11/20)
-
- Gold(i)-catalyzed synthesis of 2-substituted indoles from 2-alkynylnitroarenes with diboron as reductant
-
An efficient method for the synthesis of 2-substituted indoles via a diboron/base promoted tandem reductive cyclization of o-alkynylnitroarene under Au catalysis conditions has been disclosed. This reaction is efficient and convenient, affording 2-substituted indoles with broad functional groups tolerance and excellent yields.
- Fu, Wenqiang,Yang, Kai,Chen, Jinglong,Song, Qiuling
-
p. 8354 - 8360
(2017/10/19)
-
- Method for synthesizing aryl-substituted indole compound serving as drug intermediate
-
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing an indole compound which is shown as the following formula (III) and is capable of serving as a drug intermediate. The method comprises the steps of in the atmosphere of neutralizing an inert gas by using a solvent and in the presence of a catalyst, a nitrogen-containing ligand and an acid accelerator, reacting a compound shown as the following formula (I) with a compound shown as the following formula (II), and carrying out aftertreatment after completing the reaction, thereby obtaining the compound shown as the following formula (III), wherein the R1 is selected from H or halogen; the R2 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy or halogen; or the R2 is together with R2-substituted phenyl to form naphthyl. The method has the advantages that through the comprehensive selection and the synergy of appropriate substrate, catalyst, nitrogen-containing ligand, acid accelerator, solvent and the like, the range of the substrate is expanded and the aryl-substituted indole compound with good yield can be obtained, so that the method has good application prospect and research value in the field of organic chemical synthesis and a novel method for synthesizing the compounds is provided.
- -
-
Paragraph 0058-0061
(2017/09/01)
-
- Synthesis method of nitrogenous medicine intermediate indole derivative
-
The invention relates to a synthesis method of an indole derivative shown by a nitrogenous medicine intermediate (III). The method comprises the following steps of in a solvent and in the insert gas atmosphere, under the existence of catalysts, nitrogenous ligands and acid promoters, a compound shown by a formula (I) and a compound shown by a formula (II) take a reaction; after the reaction is completed, post treatment is performed, so that a compound shown by the formula (III) is obtained. The formulas (I), (II) and (III) are shown as the accompanying drawing, wherein the R1 is selected from H or halogen; the R2 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyls, C1-C6 alkoxy or halogen; or R2 and the substituted phenyl jointly form naphthyl. The method has the advantages that through the comprehensive selection and cooperation of the proper substrates, catalysts, nitrogenous ligands, acid promoters, solvents and the like, the range of the substrates is expanded; the aryl-substituted indol compound can be obtained at a good yield, so that the good application prospects and study values are realized in the field of organic chemical synthesis. The fire-new method is provided for the synthesis of the compounds of the kind.
- -
-
Paragraph 0050; 0051; 0052; 0053; 0054; 0071; 0072-0096
(2017/07/21)
-
- Synthetic method of medical intermediate 2-arylindole compound
-
The invention relates to a synthetic method of a 2-arylindole compound shown as a formula (III) and capable of being used as a medical intermediate. The method comprises the following steps that in a solvent and inert gas atmosphere, a compound shown as a formula (I) and a compound shown as a formula (II) take a reaction under the existence of the solvent, a nitrogen-containing ligand and an acidic accelerator; after the reaction is finished, aftertreatment is performed, so that a compound shown as a formula (III) is obtained; the formulas are shown in the description, wherein R1 is selected from H or halogen; R2 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyls, C1-C6 alkoxys or halogen, or the R2 and the substituted phenyl form a naphthyl. The method has the advantages that through the comprehensive selection and cooperation of a proper substrate, the catalyst, the nitrogen-containing ligand, the acidic accelerator, the solvent and the like, so that the 2-arylindole compound with good yield can be obtained; good application prospects and research values are realized in the field of organic chemical synthesis; a bran-new method is provided for the compound synthesis.
- -
-
Paragraph 0058; 0059; 0060; 0061
(2017/08/31)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed tandem addition/cyclization in aqueous medium: Synthesis of 2-arylindoles
-
An efficient protocol to construct 2-arylindoles was developed through palladium-catalyzed tandem addition/cyclization of potassium aryltrifluoroborates with aliphatic nitriles in aqueous medium. The use of water as the reaction medium makes the synthesis process environmentally benign. A plausible mechanism for the formation of 2-arylindoles involving sequential nucleophilic addition followed by an intramolecular cyclization is proposed. Moreover, the utility of this catalytic tandem transformation was also demonstrated in an efficient gram-scale synthesis. This method provides an alternative synthetic tool for accessing a more diverse array of 2-arylindoles.
- Yu, Shuling,Hu, Kun,Gong, Julin,Qi, Linjun,Zhu, Jianghe,Zhang, Yetong,Cheng, Tianxing,Chen, Jiuxi
-
p. 4300 - 4307
(2017/07/10)
-
- The Development of a Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Addition/Cyclization for the Construction of Indole Skeletons
-
A palladium-catalyzed tandem addition/cyclization of 2-(2-aminoaryl)acetonitriles with arylboronic acids has been developed for the first time, achieving a new strategy for direct construction of indole skeletons. This system shows good functional group tolerance and remarkable chemoselectivity. In particular, the halogen (e.g., bromo and iodo) substituents are amenable to further synthetic elaborations thereby broadening the diversity of the products. Preliminary mechanistic experiments indicate that this transformation involves sequential nucleophilic addition followed by an intramolecular cyclization.
- Yu, Shuling,Qi, Linjun,Hu, Kun,Gong, Julin,Cheng, Tianxing,Wang, Qingzong,Chen, Jiuxi,Wu, Huayue
-
p. 3631 - 3638
(2017/04/11)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed direct C2-arylation of free (N–H) indoles via norbornene-mediated regioselective C–H activation
-
A palladium-catalyzed direct C2-arylation reaction of free (N–H) indoles has been developed. This reaction relies on a norbornene-mediated C–H activation process on the indole ring, which features high regioselectivity and excellent functional group tolerance.
- Gao, Yadong,Zhu, Wangying,Yin, Long,Dong, Bo,Fu, Jingjing,Ye, Zhiwen,Xue, Fengtian,Jiang, Chao
-
supporting information
p. 2213 - 2216
(2017/05/16)
-
- Palladium/Copper Cocatalyzed Coupling Reaction of Aroyl Hydrazides with Indoles
-
An unprecedented palladium/copper cocatalyzed coupling reaction of indoles with simple aroyl hydrazides has been developed under aerobic conditions. A range of aroyl hydrazides underwent palladium/copper cocatalyzed oxidative arylation with indoles open to air in a 1:1 mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and nitromethane to give structurally diverse 2-arylindoles or 3-arylindoles in moderate to good yields. The reaction well tolerates a wide variety of functional groups such as alkoxy, halo, ester.
- Liu, Congrong,Yang, Fulai
-
supporting information
p. 1213 - 1217
(2016/12/28)
-
- Method for synthesizing indole derivative
-
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing an indole derivative shown in the formula (III) (please see the specification). The method includes the steps that in a solvent and inertia gas atmosphere, when a catalyst, a nitrogen-containing ligand, an acid accelerator and KF exist, a compound in the formula (I) (please see the specification) and a compound in the formula (II) (please see the specification) are reacted, aftertreatment is carried out after the reaction is completed, and therefore the compound in the formula (III) is obtained, wherein R1 is selected from H or halogen, and R2 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy or halogen. According to the method, as a proper substrate, the proper catalyst, the proper nitrogen-containing ligand, the proper acid accelerator, the proper KF, the proper solvent and the like are comprehensively selected and cooperated, the range of the substrate is expanded accordingly, the indole derivative can be obtained with the good yield, the method has good application prospects and research value in the field of organic chemistry synthesis, and a brand new method is provided for synthesis of the compound.
- -
-
Paragraph 0047; 0048; 0049; 0050; 0051
(2016/10/10)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of indoles with arylsulfonyl hydrazides
-
A novel method to synthesise 2-arylindoles is demonstrated via direct arylation of indoles with arylsulfonyl hydrazides. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the reaction well tolerates a wide variety of functional groups to afford structurally diverse 2-arylindoles in good to excellent yields at 70 °C.
- Liu, Congrong,Ding, Lianghui,Guo, Guang,Liu, Weiwei,Yang, Fu-Lai
-
supporting information
p. 2824 - 2827
(2016/03/12)
-
- Commercial Supported Gold Nanoparticles Catalyzed Alkyne Hydroamination and Indole Synthesis
-
Commercial gold nanoparticles supported on titanium dioxide (TiO2) were found to be a highly efficient catalyst for alkyne hydroamination. Terminal alkynes could easily undergo intermolecular hydroamination with low catalyst loadings (0.2 mol% Au) under solvent-free conditions. Indoles were efficiently synthesized using microwave heating through intramolecular hydroamination. (Figure presented.).
- Liang, Shengzong,Hammond, Luisa,Xu, Bo,Hammond, Gerald B.
-
supporting information
p. 3313 - 3318
(2016/10/21)
-