- Novel non-metal catalyst for catalyzing asymmetric hydrogenation of ketone and alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone
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The invention discloses a novel non-metal catalyst for catalyzing asymmetric hydrogenation of ketone and alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone. The preparation method of a chiral alcohol compound shown as formula IV comprises the following step of: reacting a ketone compound shown as formula V with hydrogen under the catalysis of tri(4-hydrotetrafluorophenyl)boron and a chiral oxazoline compound to obtain the chiral alcohol compound shown as the formula IV; the preparation method of a chiral tetralone compound shown as formula VI comprises the following step of: under the catalysis of tri(4-hydrotetrafluorophenyl)boron and a chiral oxazoline compound, reacting an alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone compound shown as formula VII with hydrogen to obtain the chiral tetralone compound shown as the formula VI. The method has the advantages of easy synthesis of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, high stereoselectivity and the like, the ee value of the product is up to 92%, and the yield is up to 99%.
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Paragraph 0168-0173
(2021/04/26)
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- Enantioselective direct, base-free hydrogenation of ketones by a manganese amido complex of a homochiral, unsymmetrical P-N-P′ ligand
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The use of manganese in homogeneous hydrogenation catalysis has been a recent focus in the pursuit of more environmentally benign base metal catalysts. It has great promise with its unique reactivity when coupled with metal-ligand cooperation of aminophosphine pincer ligands. Here, a manganese precatalyst Mn(P-N-P′)(CO)2, where P-N-P′ is the amido form of the ligand (S,S)-PPh2CHPhCHPhNHCH2CH2PiPr2, has been synthesized and used for base-free ketone hydrogenation. This catalyst shows exceptionally high enantioselectivity and good activity, with tolerance for base-sensitive substrates. NMR structural analysis of intermediates formed by the reaction of the amido complex with hydrogen under pressure identified a reactive hydride with an NOE contact with the syn amine proton. Computational analysis of the catalytic cycle reveals that the heterolytic splitting of dihydrogen across the MnN bond in the amido complex has a low barrier while the hydride transfer to the ketone is the turnover-limiting step. The pro-S transition state is found to be usually much lower in energy than the pro-R transition state depending on the ketone structure, consistent with the high (S) enantiomeric excess in the alcohol products. The energy to reach the transition state is higher for the distortion of the in-coming ketone than that of the hydride complex. In a one-to-one comparison with the similar iron catalyst FeH2(CO)(P-NH-P′), the manganese catalyst is found to have higher enantioselectivity, often over 95% ee, while the iron catalyst has higher activity and productivity. An explanation of these differences is provided on the basis of the more deformable iron hydride complex due to the smaller hydride ligands.
- Seo, Chris S. G.,Tsui, Brian T. H.,Gradiski, Matthew V.,Smith, Samantha A. M.,Morris, Robert H.
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p. 3153 - 3163
(2021/05/25)
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- Highly Active Cooperative Lewis Acid—Ammonium Salt Catalyst for the Enantioselective Hydroboration of Ketones
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Enantiopure secondary alcohols are fundamental high-value synthetic building blocks. One of the most attractive ways to get access to this compound class is the catalytic hydroboration. We describe a new concept for this reaction type that allowed for exceptional catalytic turnover numbers (up to 15 400), which were increased by around 1.5–3 orders of magnitude compared to the most active catalysts previously reported. In our concept an aprotic ammonium halide moiety cooperates with an oxophilic Lewis acid within the same catalyst molecule. Control experiments reveal that both catalytic centers are essential for the observed activity. Kinetic, spectroscopic and computational studies show that the hydride transfer is rate limiting and proceeds via a concerted mechanism, in which hydride at Boron is continuously displaced by iodide, reminiscent to an SN2 reaction. The catalyst, which is accessible in high yields in few steps, was found to be stable during catalysis, readily recyclable and could be reused 10 times still efficiently working.
- Titze, Marvin,Heitk?mper, Juliane,Junge, Thorsten,K?stner, Johannes,Peters, René
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supporting information
p. 5544 - 5553
(2021/02/05)
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- Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones and Enones with Chiral Lewis Base Derived Frustrated Lewis Pairs
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The concept of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) has been widely applied in various research areas, and metal-free hydrogenation undoubtedly belongs to the most significant and successful ones. In the past decade, great efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of chiral boron Lewis acids. In a sharp contrast, chiral Lewis base derived FLPs have rarely been disclosed for the asymmetric hydrogenation. In this work, a novel type of chiral FLP was developed by simple combination of chiral oxazoline Lewis bases with achiral boron Lewis acids, thus providing a promising new direction for the development of chiral FLPs in the future. These chiral FLPs proved to be highly effective for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones, enones, and chromones, giving the corresponding products in high yields with up to 95 % ee. Mechanistic studies suggest that the hydrogen transfer to simple ketones likely proceeds in a concerted manner.
- Du, Haifeng,Feng, Xiangqing,Gao, Bochao,Meng, Wei
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supporting information
p. 4498 - 4504
(2020/02/05)
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- Enantioselective Hydroboration of Ketones Catalyzed by Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Containing Trost Ligands
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Four chiral dinuclear rare-earth metal complexes [REL1]2 (RE = Y(1), Eu(2), Nd(3), La (4)) stabilized by Trost proligand H3L1 (H3L1 = (S,S)-2,6-bis[2-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl]-4-methylphenol) were first prepared, and all were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Complex 4 was employed as the catalyst for enantioselective hydroboration reaction of substituted ketones, and the corresponding secondary alcohols with excellent yields and high ee values were obtained using reductant HBpin. The same result was also achieved using the combination of lanthanium amides La[N(SiMe3)2]3 with Trost proligand H3L1 in a 1:1 molar ratio. The experimental findings and DFT calculation revealed the possible mechanism of the enantioselective hydroboration reaction and defined the origin of the enantioselectivity in the current system.
- Lu, Chengrong,Sun, Yuli,Xue, Mingqiang,Zhao, Bei
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p. 10504 - 10513
(2020/09/23)
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- Asymmetric Magnesium-Catalyzed Hydroboration by Metal-Ligand Cooperative Catalysis
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Asymmetric catalysis with readily available, cheap, and non-toxic alkaline earth metal catalysts represents a sustainable alternative to conventional synthesis methodologies. In this context, we describe the development of a first MgII-catalyzed enantioselective hydroboration providing the products with excellent yields and enantioselectivities. NMR spectroscopy studies and DFT calculations provide insights into the reaction mechanism and the origin of the enantioselectivity which can be explained by a metal-ligand cooperative catalysis pathway involving a non-innocent ligand.
- Falconnet, Alban,Magre, Marc,Maity, Bholanath,Cavallo, Luigi,Rueping, Magnus
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supporting information
p. 17567 - 17571
(2019/11/13)
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- The open d-shell enforces the active space in 3d metal catalysis: Highly enantioselective chromium(ii) pincer catalysed hydrosilylation of ketones
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Bis(oxazolinyldimethylmethyl)pyrrol (PdmBox) stereodirecting ligands provided the key to the chromium(ii)-catalysed highly enantioselective hydrosilylation of ketones. A rare square planar, chiral chromium(ii) alkyl complex was found to serve as a potent precatalyst for the reduction of a broad range of aryl alkyl and dialkyl ketone derivatives. The stereoelectronic preference of the open d4 shell of chromium(ii) firmly locks the molecular catalyst in a square planar geometry giving rise to two blocked quadrants of the coordination sphere. This earth-abundant base metal catalytic platform produces the corresponding chiral alcohols in excellent isolated yields with up to 98 %ee under mild reaction conditions (-40 °C to rt) and at low catalyst loadings (as low as 0.5 mol%).
- Schiwek, Christian H.,Vasilenko, Vladislav,Wadepohl, Hubert,Gade, Lutz H.
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supporting information
p. 9139 - 9142
(2018/08/24)
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- P450 BM3-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Hydroxylation Aiming at the Synthesis of Phthalides and Isocoumarins
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Cytochrome P450 BM3 monooxygenases are able to catalyze the regio- and stereoselective oxygenation of a broad range of substrates, with promising potential for synthetic applications. To study the suitability of P450 BM3 variants for stereoselective benzylic hydroxylation of 2-alkylated benzoic acid esters, the biotransformation of methyl 2-ethylbenzoate, resulting in both enantiomeric forms of 3-methylphthalide, was investigated. In the case of methyl 2-propylbenzoate as a substrate the regioselectivity of the reaction was shifted towards β-hydroxylation, resulting in the synthesis of enantioenriched R- and S-configured 3-methylisochroman-1-one. The potential of P450 BM3 variants for regio- and stereoselective synthesis of phthalides and isocoumarins offers a new route to a class of compounds that are valuable synthons for a variety of natural compounds.
- Holec, Claudia,Hartrampf, Ute,Neufeld, Katharina,Pietruszka, J?rg
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p. 676 - 684
(2017/04/11)
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- Mechanism-Based Enantiodivergence in Manganese Reduction Catalysis: A Chiral Pincer Complex for the Highly Enantioselective Hydroboration of Ketones
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A manganese alkyl complex containing a chiral bis(oxazolinyl-methylidene)isoindoline pincer ligand is a precatalyst for a catalytic system of unprecedented activity and selectivity in the enantioselective hydroboration of ketones, thus producing preparatively useful chiral alcohols in excellent yields with up to greater than 99 % ee. It is applicable for both aryl alkyl and dialkyl ketone reduction under mild reaction conditions (TOF >450 h?1 at ?40 °C). The earth-abundant base-metal catalyst operates at very low catalyst loadings (as low as 0.1 mol %) and with a high level of functional-group tolerance. There is evidence for the existence of two distinct mechanistic pathways for manganese-catalyzed hydride transfer and their role for enantiocontrol in the selectivity-determining step is presented.
- Vasilenko, Vladislav,Blasius, Clemens K.,Wadepohl, Hubert,Gade, Lutz H.
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supporting information
p. 8393 - 8397
(2017/07/11)
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- Chirality dihydrogen silane compound and synthetic method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a chirality dihydrogen silane compound. The chirality dihydrogen silane compound is as shown in the formula IV. In the formula IV, X represents a chiral carbon atom. The invention further discloses a synthetic method for the chirality dihydrogen silane compound. The method comprises the following steps: using olefin shown in the formula I and silane shown in the formula II as raw materials, and using a chiral CoX2-OIP complex compound as a catalyst, in the existence of a reducing agent, reacting to obtain the chirality dihydrogen silane compound shown in the formula IV. The synthetic method is suitable for different types of the olefins, the reaction condition is moderate, the operation is simple and convenient, and the atomic economy is high. The reaction does not need to be added with any other toxic transition metal ions, the reaction yield is better and is 53%-97% generally, and the enantio-selectivity is higher and is 81%-99% and gt generally. The provided chirality dihydrogen silane compound shown in the formula IV can be used for synthesizing a chiral alcohol compound, a chiral silicon alcohol compound, a chiral polysubstituted silane compound and so on.
- -
-
Paragraph 0208; 0209; 0210; 0211; 0212; 0213; 0214
(2017/10/22)
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- CGRP RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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The present invention provides a compound of Formula II: (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Page/Page column 45; 46
(2017/03/25)
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- The Asymmetric Piers Hydrosilylation
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An axially chiral, cyclic borane decorated with just one C6F5 group at the boron atom promotes the highly enantioselective hydrosilylation of acetophenone derivatives without assistance of an additional Lewis base (up to 99% ee). The reaction is an unprecedented asymmetric variant of Piers' B(C6F5)3-catalyzed carbonyl hydrosilylation. The steric congestion imparted by the 3,3′-disubstituted binaphthyl backbone of the borane catalyst as well as the use of reactive trihydrosilanes as reducing agents are keys to success.
- Süsse, Lars,Hermeke, Julia,Oestreich, Martin
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supporting information
p. 6940 - 6943
(2016/07/06)
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- Iminophenyl Oxazolinylphenylamine for Enantioselective Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Aryl Ketones
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A new family of chiral iminophenyl oxazolinylphenylamines (IPOPA) was designed and synthesized through three steps from commercially available starting materials. An efficient cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of simple ketones with a low catalyst loading of CoCl2 and IPOPA was developed to afford chiral alcohols in good yields with high enantioselectivities.
- Chen, Xu,Lu, Zhan
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supporting information
p. 4658 - 4661
(2016/09/28)
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- Iron achieves noble metal reactivity and selectivity: Highly reactive and enantioselective iron complexes as catalysts in the hydrosilylation of ketones
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Chiral iron alkyl and iron alkoxide complexes bearing boxmi pincers as stereodirecting ligands have been employed as catalysts for enantioselective hydrosilylation reactions with unprecedented activity and selectivity (TOF = 240 h-1 at -40 °C, ee up to 99% for alkyl aryl ketones), which match the performance of previously established noble-metal-based catalysts. This shows the potential of earth-abundant metals such as iron for replacing platinum-metals without any drawbacks for the reaction design.
- Bleith, Tim,Wadepohl, Hubert,Gade, Lutz H.
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supporting information
p. 2456 - 2459
(2015/03/04)
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- Cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric hydroboration of aryl ketones with pinacolborane
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The highly enantioselective cobalt-catalyzed hydroboration reaction of aryl ketones with HBpin was developed using iminopyridine oxazoline ligands. Halides, amines, ethers, sulfides, esters and amides are well tolerated under the mild reaction conditions, demonstrating its synthetic advantage. Substituted diaryl ketones could also be hydroborated with high enantioselectivity.
- Guo, Jun,Chen, Jianhui,Lu, Zhan
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supporting information
p. 5725 - 5727
(2015/03/30)
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- Modulators of methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof
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Agents for modulating methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof are provided herein.
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Page/Page column 132; 133; 200; 201
(2015/12/26)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution of unactivated and activated secondary alcohols with air as the hydrogen acceptor at room temperature
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Enantiopure alcohols are versatile building blocks for asymmetric synthesis and the kinetic resolution (KR) of racemic alcohols is a reliable method for preparing them. Although many KR methods have been developed, oxidative kinetic resolution (OKR), in which dioxygen is used as the hydrogen acceptor, is the most atom-efficient. Dioxygen is ubiquitous in air, which is abundant and safe to handle. Therefore, OKR with air has been intensively investigated and the OKR of benzylic alcohols was recently achieved by using an Ir catalyst without any adjuvant. However, the OKR of unactivated alcohols remains a challenge. An [(aqua)Ru(salen)] catalyzed OKR with air as the hydrogen acceptor was developed, in which the aqua ligand is exchanged with alcohol and the Ru complex undergoes single electron transfer to dioxygen and subsequent alcohol oxidation. This OKR can be applied without any adjuvant to activated and unactivated alcohols with good to high enantioselectivity. The unique influence of substrate inhibition on the enantioselectivity of the OKR is also described. Alcohol resolution: An (aqua)ruthenium salen complex catalyzes the efficient oxidative kinetic resolution of both activated and unactivated secondary alcohols with air as the hydrogen acceptor at room temperature. The reaction is compatible with various functional groups, including halogen, ether, silyl ether, and ester groups. The reaction rate is lower at higher substrate concentrations as a result of substrate inhibition.
- Mizoguchi, Hirotaka,Uchida, Tatsuya,Katsuki, Tsutomu
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supporting information
p. 3178 - 3182
(2014/04/03)
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- Biphasic glycerol/2-MeTHF, ruthenium-catalysed enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of ketones using sodium hypophosphite as hydrogen donor
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Sodium hypophosphite has been used as an efficient hydrogen donor in the transfer hydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic ketones in the presence of [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 and 2,2′-bipyridine in water. The corresponding alcohols were isolated in moderate to excellent yields (39-95 %). Good chemoselectivity was observed with ester, nitrile and halide functionalities in the ketones not being reduced. An enantioselective version of the reaction using [RuCl(p-cymene){(R,R)-TsDPEN}] as catalyst in a glycerol/2-MeTHF biphasic solvent mixture has been developed and allowed the reduction of (hetero)aromatic ketones with excellent chemo- and enantioselectivities (up to 97 % ee). Sodium hypophosphite has been used in the reduction of ketones in water (nine examples, 40-95 % yield). An original glycerol/2-MeTHF biphasic solvent system has been developed for the enantioselective version of the reaction. This system allows the preparation of aryl alkyl alcohols with up to 97 % ee (22 examples). Copyright
- Guyon, Carole,Metay, Estelle,Duguet, Nicolas,Lemaire, Marc
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supporting information
p. 5439 - 5444
(2013/09/02)
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- MODULATORS OF METHYL MODIFYING ENZYMES, COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF
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Agents for modulating methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof are provided herein
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-
Paragraph 00243; 00245
(2013/06/05)
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- Enantioselective zinc-catalyzed hydrosilylation of ketones using pybox or pybim ligands
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The combination of ZnEt2 and chiral pyridinebisoxazoline (pybox) or pyridinebisimidazoline (pybim) ligands catalyzed the asymmetric hydrosilylation of aryl, alkyl, cyclic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic ketones. Under mild conditions, high yields and good enantioselectivities were achieved. ESI measurements allowed for the characterization of the active catalyst. Zincing outside of the pybox: A ZnEt2/pybox catalyst promotes the hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds under mild conditions to afford high yields and good ee values for a broad range of aryl, alkyl, cyclic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic ketones.
- Junge, Kathrin,Moeller, Konstanze,Wendt, Bianca,Das, Shoubhik,Goerdes, Dirk,Thurow, Kerstin,Beller, Matthias
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experimental part
p. 314 - 320
(2012/04/18)
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- Nickel(II)-dipyridylphosphine-catalyzed enantioselective hydrosilylation of ketones in air
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Out of thin air: Catalytic amounts of nickel(II) salt and non-racemic dipyridylphosphine ligand, as well as the stoichiometric hydride source PhSiH3, formed an effective catalyst system for the Ni II-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylat
- Wu, Fei-Fei,Zhou, Ji-Ning,Fang, Qiang,Hu, Yi-Hu,Li, Shijun,Zhang, Xi-Chang,Wu, Jing,Chan, Albert S. C.
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supporting information
p. 2527 - 2530,4
(2020/09/02)
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- Enantioselective hydrosilylation of aromatic alkenes catalyzed by chiral bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl-rhodium acetate complexes
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Highly efficient and enantioselective hydrosilylation of aromatic alkenes catalyzed by the chiral rhodium acetate complexes with the bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl ligands has been reported that afforded chiral silane derivatives with up to 99% ee. Georg Thieme Ve
- Naito, Tatsuo,Yoneda, Takuma,Ito, Jun-Ichi,Nishiyama, Hisao
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p. 2957 - 2960
(2013/02/22)
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- Iron- and cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones and enones with bis(oxazolinylphenyl)amine ligands
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Chiral bis(oxazolinylphenyl)amines proved to be efficient auxiliary ligands for iron and cobalt catalysts with high activity for asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones and asymmetric conjugate hydrosilylation of enones.
- Inagaki, Tomohiko,Phong, Le Thanh,Furuta, Akihiro,Ito, Jun-Ichi,Nishiyama, Hisao
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3090 - 3096
(2010/08/05)
-
- SUBSTITUTED PIPERAZINES AS CB1 ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Page/Page column 160
(2009/03/07)
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- Identification of a nonpeptidic and conformationally restricted bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity
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We report the discovery of chroman 28, a potent and selective antagonist of human, nonhuman primate, rat, and rabbit bradykinin B1 receptors (0.4-17 nM). At 90 mg/kg s.c., 28 decreased plasma extravasation in two rodent models of inflammation. A novel met
- D'Amico, Derin C.,Aya, Toshi,Human, Jason,Fotsch, Christopher,Chen, Jian Jeffrey,Biswas, Kaustav,Riahi, Bobby,Norman, Mark H.,Willoughby, Christopher A.,Hungate, Randall,Reider, Paul J.,Biddlecome, Gloria,Lester-Zeiner, Dianna,Van Staden, Carlo,Johnson, Eileen,Kamassah, Augustus,Arik, Leyla,Wang, Judy,Viswanadhan, Vellarkad N.,Groneberg, Robert D.,Zhan, James,Suzuki, Hideo,Toro, Andras,Mareska, David A.,Clarke, David E.,Harvey, Darren M.,Burgess, Laurence E.,Laird, Ellen R.,Askew, Benny,Ng, Gordon
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p. 607 - 610
(2007/10/03)
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- Enantioselective addition of methyl group to aldehydes catalyzed by titanium complex of fluorous ligand
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Titanium complex of fluorous axially dissymmetric ligand ((Ra*)-2,2′-bis[(R*)-perfluoro-1H-1-hydroxyoctyl]biphenyl, ((Ra*)-(R*)2-1)) having perfluoroheptyl carbinol moieties catalyzed enantioselective addition of a methyl group to aldehydes. Dimethylzinc prepared in situ by mixing ZnCl2 and methyl magnesium bromide without removal of magnesium salt was more reactive for addition of methyl group than dimethylzinc without magnesium salt, and gave up to 99% ee of the products. The high fluorine content of 1 enables it to be recoverable by the selective extraction with perfluorohexane.
- Omote, Masaaki,Tanaka, Naoya,Tarui, Atsushi,Sato, Kazuyuki,Kumadaki, Itsumaro,Ando, Akira
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p. 2989 - 2991
(2008/02/04)
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- The importance of alkali cations in the [{RuCl2(p-cymene)} 2]-pseudo-dipeptide-catalyzed enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of ketones
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We studied the role of alkali cations in the [{RuCl2(p-cymene)} 2]-pseudo-dipeptide-catalyzed enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of ketones with isopropanol. Lithium salts were shown to increase the enantioselectivity of the reaction when iPrONa or iPrOK was used as the base. Similar transfer-hydrogenation systems that employ chiral amino alcohol or monotosylated diamine ligands are not affected by the addition of lithium salts. These observations have led us to propose that an alternative reaction mechanism operates in pseudo-dipeptide-based systems, in which the alkali cation is an important player in the ligand-assisted hydrogen-transfer step. DFT calculations of the proposed transition-state (TS) models involving different cations (Li+, Na+, and K+) confirm a considerable loosening of the TS with larger cations. This loosening may he responsible for the fewer interactions between the substrate and the catalytic complex, leading to lower enantiodifferentiation. This mechanistic hypothesis has found additional experimental support; the low ee obtained with [BnNMe 3]OH (a large cation) as base can be dramatically improved by introducing lithium cations into the system. Also, the complexation of Na +, K+, and Li+ cations by the addition of [15]crown-5 and [18]crown-6 ethers and cryptand 2.1.1 (which selectively bind to these cations and, thus, increase their bulkiness), respectively, to the reaction mixture led to a significant drop in the enantioselectivity of the reaction. The lithium effect has proved useful for enhancing the reduction of different aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones.
- Vaestilae, Patrik,Zaitsev, Alexey B.,Wettergren, Jenny,Privalov, Timofei,Adolfsson, Hans
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p. 3218 - 3225
(2008/09/19)
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- TRIAZOLES AND THEIR USE AS BRADYKININ B1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I): are effective for treatment of pain and diseases, such as inflammation mediated diseases. The invention encompasses novel compounds, analogs, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases and other maladies or conditions involving pain, inflammation, and the like. The subject invention also relates to processes for making such compounds as well as to intermediates useful in such processes.
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Page/Page column 50
(2008/06/13)
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- Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Compounds Having a Chiral Diretly Connected to the Core Aromatic Ring. Synthesis of Chiral 4-(1-Propoxyethyl)benzenol and -benzoic Acid, 4-(1-Carboxyethyl)benzeneol and the Esters Derived Therefrom
-
The title compounds were prepared through asymmetric reductions and derivatized into the ester compounds which were shown to be potent dopants for ferroelectric liquid crystal materials.
- Kusumoto, Tetsuo,Ueda, Tomoko,Hiyama, Tamejiro,Takehara, Sadao,Shoji, Tadao,et al.
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p. 523 - 526
(2007/10/02)
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- Reduction of 4-Substituted Acetophenones by Yeast
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The velocity of reduction of 4-substituted acetophenones by baker's yeast is decreased by electron donating substituents.The steric course, howewer, is little influenced and (S)-1-arylethanols 2 are generally formed with over 90percent enantiomeric excess. - Keywords: Stereoselective reduction; (S)-1-Phenylethanol; Yeast
- Eichberger, Guenter,Faber, Kurt,Griengl, Herfried
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p. 1233 - 1236
(2007/10/02)
-
