- Ambient measurement of nitrotriphenylenes and possibility of nitrotriphenylene formation by atmospheric reaction
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Environmental nitration of PAHs by nitrogen oxides on airborne particulates and identification and quantification of nitro-PAHs in them have been studied on fluoranthene and pyrene because of their large abundance. However, the direct mutagenic activity of these nitro-PAHs can account for only up to about 20% of the total direct mutagenic activity of airborne particulate samples, and the presence of unknown mutagenic nitro-PAHs was suggested. 1- and 2-Nitrotriphenylenes were first identified and quantified in ambient particulate samples collected in Tokyo. Their mutagenicity and formation by laboratory reactions of triphenylene deposited on a filter with NO2/NO3/N2O5 were also investigated. The concentrations of 1- and 2- nitrotriphenylenes were much higher than that of 1-nitropyrene in the same samples. 2-Nitrotriphenylene showed over 2 orders of magnitude greater mutagenic activity than 1-nitrotriphenylene in both strains TA98 and YG1024 (18 and 480 revertants/nmol for 1-nitrotriphenylene and 3800 and 101 700 revertants/nmol for 2-nitrotriphenylene in TA98 and YG1024). The mutagenic 2- nitrotriphenylene was expected to contribute largely to the total mutagenic activity of the extracts from airborne particulates. In addition, more effective formation of nitrotriphenylenes by the nighttime reaction of triphenylene in the presence of O3 in the dark can explain the observation of high nitrotriphenylene concentration in the nighttime samples. Environmental nitration of PAHs by nitrogen oxides on airborne particulates and identification and quantification of nitro-PAHs in them have been studied on fluoranthene and pyrene because of their large abundance. However, the direct mutagenic activity of these nitro-PAHs can account for only up to about 20% of the total direct mutagenic activity of airborne particulate samples, and the presence of unknown mutagenic nitro-PAHs was suggested. 1-and 2-Nitrotriphenylenes were first identified and quantified in ambient particulate samples collected in Tokyo. Their mutagenicity and formation by laboratory reactions of triphenylene deposited on a filter with NO2/NO3/N2O5 were also investigated. The concentrations of 1- and 2-nitrotriphenylenes were much higher than that of 1-nitropyrene in the same samples. 2-Nitrotriphenylene showed over 2 orders of magnitude greater mutagenic activity than 1-nitrotriphenylene in both strains TA98 and YG1024 (18 and 480 revertants/nmol for 1-nitrotriphenylene and 3800 and 101700 revertants/nmol for 2-nitrotriphenylene in TA98 and YG1024). The mutagenic 2-nitrotriphenylene was expected to contribute largely to the total mutagenic activity of the extracts from airborne particulates. In addition, more effective formation of nitrotriphenylenes by the nighttime reaction of triphenylene in the presence of O3 in the dark can explain the observation of high nitrotriphenylene concentration in the nighttime samples.
- Ishii, Satoko,Hisamatsu, Yoshiharu,Inazu, Koji,Kadoi, Morio,Aika, Ken-Ichi
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- Two-in-One Strategy for the Pd(II)-Catalyzed Tandem C-H Arylation/Decarboxylative Annulation Involved with Cyclic Diaryliodonium Salts
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We report here a two-in-one strategy for the Pd(II)-catalyzed tandem C-H arylation/decarboxylative annulation between readily available cyclic diaryliodonium salts and benzoic acids. The carboxylic acid functionality can be used as both a directing group for the ortho-C-H arylation and the reactive group for the tandem decarboxylative annulation. By a step-economical double cross-coupling annulation procedure, the privileged triphenylene frameworks were efficiently constructed, which have potential applications in material chemistry.
- Hu, Tao,Xu, Kai,Ye, Zenghui,Zhu, Kai,Wu, Yanqi,Zhang, Fengzhi
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supporting information
p. 7233 - 7237
(2019/10/02)
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- Synthesis of triphenylene derivatives by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling/intramolecular C–H activation between arylboronic acids and dibromobiphenyls
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An efficient and regioselective synthesis of functionalized triphenylenes via palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and subsequent intramolecular C–H activation between arylboronic acids and dibromobiphenyls was developed. This methodology showed excellent atomic economy and regiospecificity as well as synthetic feasibility of unsymmetrical triphenylenes.
- Tu, Jingxuan,Li, Gaoqiang,Zhao, Xiaoqian,Xu, Feng
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- Aromatic amine derivative and organic light-emitting device thereof
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The invention provides an aromatic amine derivative and an organic light-emitting device thereof, and relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials. The aromatic amine derivative has a bipolar structure, so the aromatic amine derivativ
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- Derivative of triaromatic amines and organic electroluminescence device thereof
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The invention discloses a derivative of triaromatic amines and organic electroluminescent device thereof, which relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric material, the derivative of triaromatic amines provided by the invention has bipolar structure, which has good carrier transport characteristics so that electrons and holes can be effectively combined in the luminescent layer, the luminescent efficiency is high. In addition, the derivative of triaromatic amines provided by the invention has relatively high vitrification temperature and thermal stability, which is helpful for material film formation. The electroluminescence device provided by the invention includes a cathode, an anode and one or more organics layers, at least one organic layer contains derivatives of triaromatic amines provided by the invention, the organic electroluminescence device provided by the invention has relatively low driving voltage, relatively high luminous efficiency and luminosity and relatively long service life.
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Paragraph 0079; 0080; 0083
(2018/11/22)
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- Chemistry of Peri-Condensed Pyrroles. Synthesis of 4H-Naphthocarbazole. A New Route to Nitrotriphenylenes
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Reaction of 1-nitrotriphenylene (7a) with triethylphosphite (Cadogan reaction) produces 4H-naphthocarbazole, a likely component of fossil fuels.Surprisingly 7a and its 2-isomer are obtained from treatment of triphenylene with sulfuric acid/trifluoroacetic anhydride in nitromethane.Correlation between ultraviolet spectra and substitution reactions in peri-condensed pyrroles and thiophenes is presented.
- Klemm, L. H.,Hall, Eliot,Sur, Sandip K.
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p. 1427 - 1429
(2007/10/02)
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- Nitration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Dinitrogen Tetraoxide. II. Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects
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Treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by dinitrogen tetraoxide in dichloromethane solution leads to the clean production of mononitro derivatives with high positional selectivity in almost quantitative yields.For substrates less reactive than chrysene the addition of catalytic amounts of acid is required for the reaction to proceed at convenient rates.Being very easily performed, the method should be regarded as the best yet found for the synthesis of small amount of these, in many cases, mutagenic mononitro compounds.From studies on relative reactivities, isomer distributions, and the effect of acid, base and nitrosonium ion on the reaction, a mechanism involving initial attack of a novel electrophile, nitrosated dinitrogen tetraoxide, is proposed.The initially formed ?-complex is suggested to be transformed into the nitro ?-complex via a pathway involving radical pairs, thus explaining the observation by others of CIDNP effects on the reaction path of nitrous acid catalyzed nitration, a reaction proposed to follow the same reaction scheme.
- Eberson, Lennart,Radner, Finn
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p. 343 - 356
(2007/10/02)
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