- HARDENER AND CURE ACCELERANT WITH FLAME RETARDANCY EFFECT FOR CURING EPOXY RESINS (II)
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The present invention relates to novel hardeners for curing epoxy resins and to cure accelerants for the accelerated curing of epoxy resins comprising, in each case, at least one compound from the group of esters of phosphorus-containing acids according to Formula (I), wherein there applies to Formula (I): wherein there applies to the radicals R1, R2, R3, R6, X and indices m, n, p, simultaneously or independently of one another: R1, R2=simultaneously or independently of one another, hydrogen or alkyl, R3=alkyl, aryl, —O-alkyl, —O-aryl, —O-alkylaryl or —O-arylalkyl,R6=hydrogen, alkyl or —NHC(O)NR1R2,X=oxygen or sulphur,m=1, 2 or 3,n=0, 1 or 2, wherein there applies: m+n=3p=0, 1 or 2.
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Paragraph 0349-0354; 0364-0368
(2018/04/26)
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- Identification and formation pathway of laccase-mediated oxidation products formed from hydroxyphenylureas
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Hydroxyphenylureas are the first main metabolites formed in the environment from pesticide and biocide urea compounds. Because fungi release potent exocellular oxidases, we studied the ability of laccases produced by the white rot fungus, T. versicolor, to catalyze in vitro the transformation of five hydroxyphenylureas, to identify transformation pathways and mechanisms. Our results establish that the pH of the reaction has a strong influence on both the kinetics of the reaction and the nature of the transformation products. Structural characterization by spectroscopic methods (NMR, mass spectrometry) of eleven transformation products shows that laccase oxidizes the substrates to quinones or to polyaromatic oligomers. Slightly acidic conditions favor the formation of quinones as final transformation products. In contrast, at pH 5-6, the quinones further react with the remaining substrate in solution to give hetero-oligomers via carbon-carbon or carbon-oxygen bond formation. A reaction pathway is proposed for each of the identified products. These results demonstrate that fungal laccases could assist the transformation of hydroxyphenylureas.
- Jolivalt,Neuville,Boyer,Kerhoas,Mougin
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p. 5046 - 5054
(2007/10/03)
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- Transformation of fenuron induced by photochemical excitation of humic acids
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When neutral solutions containing the herbicide 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea (fenuron) and-a humic acid are irradiated at 365 nm, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and three biphenyl products are formed as main products. The apparent quantum yield of fenuron disappearance is evaluated as 6-2 x KT'moleE-1. Upon irradiation of the same mixture at 253-7 nm, both direct and induced phototransformations of fenuron occur. Direct photooxidation yields 2- and 4amino-N,AT-dimethylbenzamide. The induced phototransformation leads to 2and 4-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring in accordance with the fact that hydroxyl radicals are involved in the oxidation.
- Aguer, Jean-Pierre
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p. 151 - 155
(2007/10/03)
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