- New triterpenoid saponin from the stems of Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W.Wight
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As part of our continuing study of apoptosis-inducing saponins from Cameroonian Albizia genus, one new triterpenoid saponin, named adianthifolioside J (1), together with the known gummiferaoside E (2), were isolated from Albizia adianthifolia stems. The s
- Toukea, Daniel Djou,Kamto, Eutrophe Le Doux,Simo, Line Made,Mbing, Joséphine Ngo,Antheaume, Cyril,Haddad, Mohamed,Noté, Olivier Placide,Pegnyemb, Dieudonné Emmanuel
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p. 780 - 788
(2020/08/19)
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- Oleanane-type saponins and prosapogenins from Albizia julibrissin and their cytotoxic activities
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Two undescribed oleanane-type saponins, julibrosides K–L, along with three undescribed oleanane-type prosapogenins, julibrosides M–O, were isolated from the stem bark of Albizia julibrissin Durazz. and the mild alkaline hydrolysate of the total saponin, r
- Han, Qinghua,Qian, Yi,Wang, Xuda,Zhang, Qingying,Cui, Jingrong,Tu, Pengfei,Liang, Hong
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- Chemical Constituents from the Roots of Polygala arillata and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities
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A new compound, named arillatanoside E, which was elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 - 3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 - 4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 - 2)-(4-O-acetyl)-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester, along with 11 known compounds was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Polygala arillata. The 11 known compounds were identified as oleanolic acid (2), 3′-E-3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamoyl-6-benzoyl sucrose (3), trans-ferulic acid (4), trans-feruloyl-glucoside (5), feruloyl-glucoside (6), 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1-O-β-D-glycoside (7), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), monopentadecanoin (9), sinapic acid (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), and palmitic acid (12). Among them, seven isolated compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10 exhibited little cytotoxic activity on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Then, the inhibitory effects of 7 isolates on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. As a result, 3 compounds have significant anti-inflammatory activity, and they were arillatanoside E (1), oleanolic acid (2), and 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1-O-β-D-glycoside (7).
- Xiang, Wei,Zhang, Guo-Dong,Li, Fang-Yi,Wang, Teng-Long,Suo, Tong-Chuan,Wang, Chun-Hua,Li, Zheng,Zhu, Yan
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- Melanogenesis-Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Triterpene Glycoside Constituents from the Bark of Albizia procera
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Five oleanane-type triterpene glycosides including three new ones, proceraosides E-G (1-3), were isolated from a MeOH-soluble extract of Albizia procera bark. The structures of 1-3 were determined by use of NMR spectra, HRESIMS, and chemical methods. Compounds 1-5 exhibited inhibitory activities against the proliferation of the A549, SKBR3, AZ521, and HL60 human cancer cell lines (IC50 0.28-1.8 μM). Additionally, the apoptosis-inducing activity of compound 2 was evaluated by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry, while the effects of 2 on the activation of caspases-9, -8, and -3 in HL60 cells were revealed by Western blot analysis.
- Zhang, Jie,Akihisa, Toshihiro,Kurita, Masahiro,Kikuchi, Takashi,Zhu, Wan-Fang,Ye, Feng,Dong, Zhen-Huan,Liu, Wen-Yuan,Feng, Feng,Xu, Jian
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supporting information
p. 2612 - 2620
(2019/01/04)
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- Acylated oleanane-type triterpene saponins from the flowers of Bellis perennis show anti-proliferative activities against human digestive tract carcinoma cell lines
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Seven oleanane-type triterpene saponin bisdesmosides, perennisaponins N–T (1–7), were newly isolated from a methanol extract of daisy, the flowers of Bellis perennis L. (Asteraceae). The structures were determined based on chemical and physicochemical data and confirmed using previously isolated related compounds as references. The isolates, including 13 previously reported perennisaponins A–M (8–20), exhibited anti-proliferative activities against human digestive tract carcinoma HSC-2, HSC-4, and MKN-45 cells. Among them, perennisaponin O (2, IC50?=?11.2, 14.3, and 6.9?μM, respectively) showed relatively strong activities. The mechanism of action of 2 against HSC-2 was found to involve apoptotic cell death.
- Ninomiya, Kiyofumi,Motai, Chiaki,Nishida, Eriko,Kitagawa, Niichiro,Yoshihara, Kazuya,Hayakawa, Takao,Muraoka, Osamu,Li, Xuezheng,Nakamura, Seikou,Yoshikawa, Masayuki,Matsuda, Hisashi,Morikawa, Toshio
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p. 435 - 451
(2016/07/16)
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- Leptocarposide: A new triterpenoid glycoside from Ludwigia leptocarpa (Onagraceae)
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A new triterpenoid bidesmoside (leptocarposide) possessing an acyl group in their glycosidic moiety (1), together with the known luteolin-8-C-glucoside (2) and 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,8E)-2-[(R)-2-hydroxypalmitoylamino]-8- octadecen-1,3- diol (3) was isolated from the n-butanol-soluble fraction of whole plant of Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt) Hara (Onagraceae). Structure of compound 1 has been assigned on the basis of spectroscopic data (1H and 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY), mass spectrometry, and by comparison with the literature. This compound was further screened for its potential antioxidant properties by using the radical scavenging assay model 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and reveals non-potent antioxidant activities, while compound 2 shows SC50 of 0,038 mM.
- Mabou, Florence Declaire,Tebou, Perrin Lanversin Foning,Ngnokam, David,Haraka, Dominique,Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, Laurence
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING L-FUCOSE
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Method for producing L-fucose includes in a first aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from pectin and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; in a second aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from D-galacturonic acid of a salt thereof, and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; and an L-fucose precursor as shown in Formula A, wherein R is a linear or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group with 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-hexyl, etc., preferably a methyl group.
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING L-FUCOSE
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The present invention provides: in a first aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from pectin and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; in a second aspect, a method for the preparation of L-fucose from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, wherein L-fucose precursors are produced from D-galacturonic acid or a salt thereof, and L-fucose is produced from the L-fucose precursors; and an L-fucose precursoras shown in Formula A below, wherein R is a linear or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group with 1-6 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-hexyl, etc., preferably a methyl group.
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- Triterpene saponins of Maesa lanceolata leaves
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Chemical investigation of Maesa lanceolata leaves aqueous MeOH extract has led to the isolation of eight new triterpene glycosides identified as 16-oxo-28-hydroxyolean-12-ene 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl-(1''→6')-β- glucopyranoside 1, 16α, 28-dihydroxyolean-12-ene 3-O-β-[(6"-O- galloylglucopyranosyl-(1"→2')][β-glucopyranosyl-(1'''→6')] -β-glucopyranoside 2, 16α, 22α, 28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene 3-O-[β-glucopyranosyl-(1"→2')] [α-rhamnopyranosyl- (1'''→6']-β-glucopyranoside 3, 22α-acetyl-16α- hydroxyolean-12-en-28-al 3-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl- (1""→6"')-β-glucopyranosyl-(1"'→3')] [β-glucopyranosyl-(1"→2')]-β-arabinopyranoside 4, 22α-acetyl-16α,21 β-dihydroxyoleanane-13β:28-olide 3-O-[β-glucopyranosyl-(1'''→6')] [6''-O-coumaroylglucopyranosyl- (1''→2')]-β-glucopyranoside 5, 16α,22α-diacetyl-21β- angeloyloleanane-13β:28-olide 3 β-O-[β-glucopyranosyl- (1''→2')][β-glucopyranosyl-(1'''→4')]-β-glucopyranoside 6, 16α, 22α, 28-trihydroxy-21β-angeloyloleanan-12-ene 3 β-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1'''→6'')][β-glucopyranosyl- (1''→2')]-β-xylopyranoside 7, 16α, 28-dihydroxy-22α- acetyl-21β-angeloylolean-12-ene 3-O-[β-galactopyranosyl- (1"→2')] [α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1'"→4')]-α- arabinopyranoside 8. Together with these were known compounds quercetin, myricetin, quercetin 3-O-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, gallic acid, sistosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, rutin, myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1"→3')-β-glucopyranoside and quercetin 3,7-O-β-diglucopyranoside. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic methods as well as comparison with data from known compounds. The in vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous MeOH extract of the leaves of M. lanceolata was also investigated and zones of inhibition ranging from 28±0.1 to 10±0.2 mm were observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the extract ranged between 100 to 1000 μg/ml with the highest activity being observed with Vibro cholerae. Among the pure isolates, compound 6 was the most active and its highest recorded MIC value was 62.5 μg/ml against V. cholerae. ARKAT-USA, Inc.
- Manguro, Lawrence Onyango A.,Midiwo, Jacob O.,Tietze, Lutz F.,Hao, Pang
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experimental part
p. 172 - 198
(2011/06/09)
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- Synthesis of 6-deoxy-d-altrose used as an authentic sample to identify an unknown monosaccharide isolated from the fruiting body of an edible mushroom
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Here, we describe the synthesis of 6-deoxy-D-altrose and its subsequent use as an authentic sample to verify the structure of a monosaccharide newly isolated from the fruiting body of an edible mushroom. D-Rhamnopyranoside, converted from D-mannopyranosid
- Yamada, Masashi,Yoshida, Fumi,Ando, Hiromune,Ishida, Hideharu,Kiso, Makoto,Tako, Masakuni
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experimental part
p. 1699 - 1704
(2011/06/17)
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- Triterpenoid saponins from the seeds of Celosia argentea and their anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities
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Three new triterpenoid saponins, named celosin E (1), celosin F (2) and celosin G (3), together with a known compound cristatain (4), were isolated from the seeds of Celosia argentea L. (Amaranthaceae). All the isolated compounds were obtained for the first time from this plant. The structures of new compounds were characterized on the basis of extensive NMR experiments and mass spectrometry data. The antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of the four compounds were tested in vitro.
- Wu, Qingbin,Wang, Yan,Guo, Meili
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body text
p. 666 - 671
(2011/06/28)
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- New triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Gypsophila pacifica Kom.
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Six new triterpenoid saponins (1-6) have been isolated from the roots of Gypsophila pacifica Kom. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive NMR (1H, 13C, TOCSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and ESIMS studies.
- Nie, Wei,Luo, Jian-Guang,Kong, Ling-Yi
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experimental part
p. 68 - 73
(2011/03/19)
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- Gallic acid esters from the stem bark of Mimusops elengi L.
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Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Mimusops elengi L. (Sapotaceae) led to the isolation of new gallic acid esters, characterised as phenyl propanoxyl gallate (1), β-D-glucopyranosyl (6′→1″)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4″-(4″-e
- Akhtar, Nida,Ali, Mohd.,Alam, Mohd. Sarwar
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experimental part
p. 962 - 972
(2010/08/07)
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- Microbial metabolism part 9.1 Structure and antioxidant significance of the metabolites of 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin), and 5- and 6-hydroxyflavones
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5,7-Dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) (1) when fermented with fungal cultures, Aspergillus alliaceous (ATCC 10060), Beauveria bassiana (ATCC 13144) and Absidia glauco (ATCC 22752) gave mainly 4′-hydroxychrysin (4), chrysin 7-O-β-D-4-O-methylglucopyranoside (5) and chrysin 7-sulfate (6), respectively. Mucore ramannianus (ATCC 9628), however, transformed chrysin into six metabolites: 4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxychrysin (chrysoeriol) (7), 4′-hydroxychrysin (apigenin) (4) 3′,4′-dihydroxychrysin (luteolin) (8), 3′-methoxychrysin 4′-O-α-D-6- deoxyallopyranoside (9), chrysin 4′-O-α-D-6-deoxyallopyranoside (10), and luteolin 3′-sulfate (11). Cultures of A. alliaceous (ATCC 10060) and B. bassiana (ATCC 13144) metabolized 5-hydroxyflavone (2) into 5,4′-dihydroxyflavone (12) and 4′-hydroxyflavone 5-O-β-D-4-O-methylglucopyranoside (13), respectively. 6-Hydroxyflavone (3) was transformed into 6-hydroxyflavanone (14), flavone 3-O-β-D-4-O- methylglucopyranoside (15) and (±)-flavanone 6-O-β-D-4-O- methylglucopyranoside (16) by cultures of Beauveria bassiana (ATCC 13144). The structures of the metabolic products were elucidated by means of spectroscopic data. The significance of the metabolites as antioxidants in relation to their structure is briefly discussed.
- Herath, Wimal,Mikell, Julie Rakel,Hale, Amber Lynn,Ferreira, Daneel,Khan, Ikhlas Ahmad
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experimental part
p. 418 - 422
(2009/04/11)
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- Morning glory-derived anticancer agents, and novel ipomoeassin compounds
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Ipomoeassin compounds derived from morning glory plant material (especially Ipomoea sp. from Suriname) are useful as anti-cancer agents. The novel compounds also are useful for treating neurodegenerative disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease) in human patients.
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Page/Page column 12
(2008/06/13)
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- Separation of sugars
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The invention relates to the recovery of deoxy sugars, such as fucose from biomass-derived solutions, such as spent liquors obtained from pulping processes. The invention is based on the use of chromatographic fractionation with specific column packing materials and combinations thereof. The deoxy sugar product obtained from the chromatographic fractionation may be further purified by crystallization. The invention also provides a novel crystalline fucose product and a novel process for the crystallization of fucose.
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Page/Page column 12-17; 20-23
(2008/06/13)
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- Hydrolytic activity of α-galactosidases against deoxy derivatives of p- nitrophenyl α-D-galactopyranoside
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The four possible monodeoxy derivatives of p-nitrophenyl (PNP) α-D- galactopyranoside were synthesized, and hydrolytic activities of the α- galactosidase of green coffee bean, Mortierella vinacea and Aspergillus niger against them were elucidated. The 2- and 6-deoxy substrates were hydrolyzed by the enzymes from green coffee bean and M. vinacea, while they scarcely acted on the 3- and 4-deoxy compounds. On the other hand, A. niger α- galactosidase hydrolyzed only the 2-deoxy compound in these deoxy substrates, and the activity was very high. These results indicate that the presence of two hydroxyl groups (OH-3 and -4) is essential for the compounds to act as substrates for the enzymes of green coffee bean and M. vinacea, while the three hydroxyl groups (OH-3, -4, and -6) are necessary for the activity of the A. niger enzyme. The kinetic parameters (K(m) and V(max)) of the enzymes for the hydrolysis of PNP α-D-galactopyranoside and its deoxy derivatives were obtained from kinetic studies. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Hakamata, Wataru,Nishio, Toshiyuki,Oku, Tadatake
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p. 107 - 115
(2007/10/03)
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- A β-D-FUCOSIDASE FROM ASCLEPIAS CURASSAVICA LATEX
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A β-D fucosidase was isolated from Asclepias curassavica latex by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography.The enzyme was purified 136-fold.The enzyme is a monomer and its Mr is close to 50000.It shows optimal activity at pH 5.5 and at
- Giordani, Roger,Lafon, Laurence
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p. 1327 - 1332
(2007/10/02)
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- Two New Flavone Glycosides From The Leaves of Argyreia speciosa (Convolvulaceae)
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We report the isolation and characterization of two new flavone glycosides, 7,8,3',4',5'-pentahydroxyflavone 5-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and 7,8,3',4',5'-pentahydroxyflavone 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), from the leaves of Argyreia speciosa.
- Ahmad, Mansoor,Shafiullah,Khan, M. Sohrab,Ilyas, M.,Jain, Neern
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p. 1552 - 1561
(2007/10/02)
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- Structure of mimengosides A and B, new triterpenoid glycosides from Buddlejae flos produced in China
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Two new triterpenoid glycosides, named mimengosides A (1) and B (2), along with acteoside (3) were isolated from the Buddlejae Flos (flower and bud of Buddleja officinalis). The structures of 1 and 2 were determined as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-D-fucopyranoside of 16 dehydroxysaikogenin G and that of 3,23,28-trihydroxy-11-methoxy-olean-12-ene, respectively, by spectral and chemical methods.
- Ding,Yahara,Nohara
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p. 780 - 782
(2007/10/02)
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- STRUCTURE OF DESACETYLSAPONINS OBTAINED FROM THE BARK OF QUILLAJA SAPONINARIA
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A triterpenoid saponin mixture (so-called quillajasaponin) obtained from the bark of Quillaja saponaria was treated with weak alkali and two major desacetylsaponins were isolated.On the basis of chemical and spectral evidence, they were determined as 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3)>-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-β-D-fucopyranoside and 28-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-3)>-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-β-D-fucopyranoside.Diazomethane degradation providing selectively the 28-O-glycoside from the 3,28-O-bisglycoside was a useful method for the structure elucidation. key Word Index--Quillaja saponaria; Rosaceae; quillaja bark; quillajasaponin; triterpenoid saponin; desacylsaponin; diazomethane degradation; quillaic acid 3,28-O-bisglycoside; quillaic acid
- Higuchi, Ryuichi,Tokimitsu, Yoshinori,Fujioka, Toshihiro,Komori, Tetsuya,Kawasaki, Toshio,Oakenful, David G.
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p. 229 - 236
(2007/10/02)
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- Isolation of Triterpenoid Glycosides (Saikosaponins) from Bupleurum kunmingense and Their Chemical Structures
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Five new triterpenoid glycosides named S3, S4, S8, S9 and S10 were isolated from the root of Bupleurum kunmingense, and their structures were elucidated by NMR spectral analysis as 16-epi-chikusaikoside I, 3''-O-acetylsaikosapoin-a, 4''-O-acetylsaikosaponin-a, 2''-O-acetylsaikosaponin-d, and 2''-O-acetylsaikosaponin-a, respectively.
- Seto, Haruo,Otake, Noboru,Luo, Si-Qi,Qian, Fu-Gang,Xu, Guang-Yi,Pan, Sheng-Li
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p. 943 - 948
(2007/10/02)
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- Comparative Studies on the Constituents of Ophiopogonis Tuber and Its Congeners. I. Studies of the Constituents of the Subterranean Part of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang.
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Eight steroidal glycosides, tentatively named glycosides A(1), B(2), C(3), D(4), E(5), F(6), G(7) and H(8), were isolated from the methanol extract of the subterranean part of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang (Liliaceae).The structures of these glycosides were established as ruscogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), 25(S)-ruscogenin 1-O-β-D-fucopyranosido-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), 25(S)-ruscogenin 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (3), ruscogenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1->3)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), a mixture of 3-O-2)>3)>-β-D-glucopyranosides of diosgenin and yamogenin (=a mixture of ophiopogonin D' and its 25(S)-isomer, 5), a mixture of 3-O-β-chacotriosides of diosgenin and yamogenin (= a mixture of dioscin and its 25(S)-isomer, 6), ruscogenin 1-sulfate 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (7), and 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22-O-methylfurost-5-ene-3β,26-diol 3-O-β-chacotrioside (=methyl proto-dioscin, 8).
- Watanabe, Yoshiaki,Sanada, Shuichi,Ida, Yoshiteru,Shoji, Junzo
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p. 1980 - 1990
(2007/10/02)
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- FLAVONOID GLYCOSIDES OF KALANCHOE SPATHULATA
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Key Word Index - Kalanchoe spathulata; Crassulaceae; flavonoids; quercetin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside; kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside; patuletin 3,7-di-O-rhamnoside. A new glycoside, patuletin 3,7-O-rhamnoside, together with patuletin, quercetin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol and kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside were identified from leaves and flowers of Kalanchoe spathulata.
- Gaind, K. N.,Singla, Anil K.,Wallace, James W.
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p. 530 - 531
(2007/10/02)
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- TIRUMALIN, A NEW PRENYLATED DIHYDROFLAVONOL FROM RHYNCHOSIA CYANOSPERMA
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A new dihydroflavonol has been isolated together with the known flavonol-O-glycosides, rutin and kaempferol-3-rutinoside, and (+)-pinitol from the leaves of R. cyanosperma Benth.The dihydroflavonol was identified as (+)-(2R, 3R)-8-C-prenyltaxifolin-7,4'-dimethyl ether on the basis of spectroscopic studies and the compound given the trivial name tirumalin.Key Word Index - Rhynchosia cyanosperma; Leguminosae; prenylated dihydroflavonol; tirumalin; flavonol-O-glycosides; rutin; kaempferol-3-rutinoside; pinitol.
- Adinarayana, Dama,Gunasekar, Duvvuru,Ramachandraiah, Pasupulati,Seligmann, Otto,Hildebert, Wagner
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p. 478 - 480
(2007/10/02)
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- Studies on the Constituents of Apocynacae Plants. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Determination of New Flavanoid Triglycosides from the Leaves of Cerbera manghas L.
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Two new flavonol triglycosides, named manghaslin(I) and clitorin(II), were isolated from the leaves of Cerbera manghas L. (Apocynaceae).The structures of I and II were elucidated as quertecin-3-O-L-rhamnosyl-(12)-O6)> D-glucoside(I) and kaempferol-3-O-L-rhamnosyl-(12)-O-6)> D-glucoside(II), respectively, by chemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric studies.Keywords-Cerbera manghas L.; Apocynaceae; flavonol triglycerides; manghaslin; clitorin; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; photohydrolysis; mass spectrum; methanolysis.
- Sakushima, Akiyo,Hisada, Sueo,Ogihara, Yukio,Nishibe, Sansei
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p. 1219 - 1223
(2007/10/02)
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