- Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Chalcone Derivatives and Their Effect on α-Glucosidase
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Abstract: Five chalcone derivatives (E)-1-(2-(2-bromoethoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(1), (E)-1-(2-(3-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(2),(E)-1-(2-(4-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(3),(E)-1-(2-(5-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(4),(E)-1-(2-(6-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(5) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, HRMS. The crystalline structures of compounds 4 and 5 were further characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction. Among the five compounds, 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, but 4 and 5 increased the activity of α-glucosidase. Graphic Abstract: Five chalcone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by 1H MNR and HRMS. The crystalline structures of two compounds were further characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction. Two of the compounds have the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, and two different compounds have the ability to promote α-glucosidase. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Lin, Ping,Yin, Zhong-Ping,Wang, Meng,Liu, Jia,Yuan, En,Peng, Da-Yong,Nie, Xu-Liang,Shang-Guan, Xin-Chen
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- Stereoselective control in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones to substituted styrenes
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The stereochemistry of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C-methyl-N-phenylnitrone 1 with substituted styrenes has been investigated. The presence of an hydroxyl function at the ortho position in the dipolarophile completely controls the stereochemical course of the reaction with the exclusive formation of cis cycloadduct 7. MNDO calculations help to rationalise the obtained results on the basis of an intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which leads to changes in the FMO properties so improving a stabilizing secondary orbital interaction in the E-endo transition state leading to cis isomer.
- Chiacchio, Ugo,Casuscelli, Franco,Corsaro, Antonino,Rescifina, Antonio,Romeo, Giovannni,Uccella, Nicola
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- Control of the photoisomerization mode of carbon-carbon double bond by intramolecular hydrogen bond; one-way photoisomerization of 2′-hydroxychalcone induced by adiabatic intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer
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To investigate the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the photoisomerization of carbon-carbon double bond, photoisomerization of 2′-hydroxychalcone has been studied. Based on the quantum yield measurements and laser flash photolysis studies, it
- Norikane, Yasuo,Itoh, Hiroki,Arai, Tatsuo
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- Ruthenium organometallics of chloro-substituted 2′-hydroxychalcones – A story of catecholase biomimetics beyond copper
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Four new organoruthenium(II) compounds of 2’-hydroxychalcones, differing in the position of the chloro substituent at chalcone moiety, were prepared by solution synthesis and characterized by chemical analysis, infrared and electron spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, as biomimetic functional models of catechol oxidase. The molecular and crystal structures of three compounds were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The organometallics are neutral species having piano-stool pseudo octahedral geometry with ruthenium(II) coordinated by η6-cymene, bidentate monobasic 2’-hydroxychalcone ligand, and chloride ion. The catecholase activity of new organometallics was investigated by electron spectroscopy in three solvents at three temperatures. The kinetic measurements were done under pseudo first order conditions and vmax, kcat, KM, TON, TOF, and Ea values are determined. Compounds (1) – (4) have solvent-dependent catecholase activity with activity decreasing in order ethanol > methanol ? acetonitrile. The highest kcat value and the lowest activation energy were found for the reaction catalyzed by organometallic (4), having a chloro substituent at the B ring of the chalcone ligand in the para position. The kcat values of 104 h?1 and 105 h?1 order at 297 K and 307 K, respectively classify these organometallics among the best artificial functional models of catechol oxidase. The results indicate that the catechol oxidation mediated by organometallics (1) – (4) proceeds via semiquinone radical formation.
- Kahrovi?, Emira,Roca, Sun?ica,Vi?njevac, Aleksandar,Zahirovi?, Adnan
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- Convenient synthesis of flavanone derivatives via oxa-Michael addition using catalytic amount of aqueous cesium fluoride
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A total of 36 flavanones, which included polycyclic aromatic and heterocyclic rings, were readily synthesized via oxa-Michael addition from the corresponding hydroxychalcones with a catalytic amount of aqueous cesium fluoride solution under mild conditions. This method could be applied to the scalable synthesis of eriodictyol as a known potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
- Miura, Motofumi,Shigematsu, Karin,Toriyama, Masaharu,Motohashi, Shigeyasu
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supporting information
(2021/10/25)
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- Chapter Open for the Excited-State Intramolecular Thiol Proton Transfer in the Room-Temperature Solution
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We report here, for the first time, the experimental observation on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction of the thiol proton in room-temperature solution. This phenomenon is demonstrated by a derivative of 3-thiolflavone (3TF), namely, 2-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)-3-mercapto-4H-chromen-4-one (3NTF), which possesses an - S - H···O= intramolecular H-bond (denoted by the dashed line) and has an S1 absorption at 383 nm. Upon photoexcitation, 3NTF exhibits a distinctly red emission maximized at 710 nm in cyclohexane with an anomalously large Stokes shift of 12 230 cm-1. Upon methylation on the thiol group, 3MeNTF, lacking the thiol proton, exhibits a normal Stokes-shifted emission at 472 nm. These, in combination with the computational approaches, lead to the conclusion of thiol-type ESIPT unambiguously. Further time-resolved study renders an unresolvable (180 fs) ESIPT rate for 3NTF, followed by a tautomer emission lifetime of 120 ps. In sharp contrast to 3NTF, both 3TF and 3-mercapto-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (3FTF) are non-emissive. Detailed computational approaches indicate that all studied thiols undergo thermally favorable ESIPT. However, once forming the proton-transferred tautomer, the lone-pair electrons on the sulfur atom brings non-negligible nπ? contribution to the S1′ state (prime indicates the proton-transferred tautomer), for which the relaxation is dominated by the non-radiative deactivation. For 3NTF, the extension of π-electron delocalization by the diethylamino electron-donating group endows the S1′ state primarily in the ππ? configuration, exhibiting the prominent tautomer emission. The results open a new chapter in the field of ESIPT, covering the non-canonical sulfur intramolecular H-bond and its associated ESIPT at ambient temperature.
- Chang, Chao-Che,Chen, Chao-Tsen,Chou, Pi-Tai,Huang, Chun-Hao,Li, Elise Y.,Liao, Yu-Chan,Liu, Yi-Hung,Liu, Zong-Ying,Meng, Fan-Yi,Wang, Chun-Hsiang
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supporting information
p. 12715 - 12724
(2021/08/30)
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- C3 amino-substituted chalcone derivative with selective adenosine rA1 receptor affinity in the micromolar range
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Abstract: To identify novel adenosine receptor (AR) ligands based on the chalcone scaffold, herein the synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in silico evaluation of 33 chalcones (15–36 and 37–41) and structurally related compounds (42–47) are reported. These compounds were characterized by radioligand binding and GTP shift assays to determine the degree and type of binding affinity, respectively, against rat (r) A1 and A2A ARs. The chalcone derivatives 24, 29, 37 and 38 possessed selective A1 affinity below 10?μM, and thus, are the most active compounds of the present series; compound 38 was the most potent selective A1 AR antagonist (Ki (r) = 1.6?μM). The structure–affinity relationships (SAR) revealed that the NH2-group at position C3 of ring A of the chalcone scaffold played a key role in affinity, and also, the Br-atom at position C3′ on benzylidene ring B. Upon in vitro and in silico evaluation, the novel C3 amino-substituted chalcone derivative 38—that contains an α,?-unsaturated carbonyl system and easily allows structural modification—may possibly be a synthon in future drug discovery. Graphic abstract: C3 amino-substituted chalcone derivative (38) with C3′ Br substitution on benzylidene ring B possesses selective adenosine rA1 receptor affinity in micromolar range.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Janse van Rensburg, Helena D.,Legoabe, Lesetja J.,Terre’Blanche, Gisella
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p. 1581 - 1605
(2020/11/20)
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- Spectroscopic analysis by NMR, FT-Raman, ATR-FTIR, and UV-Vis, evaluation of antimicrobial activity, and in silico studies of chalcones derived from 2-hydroxyacetophenone
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Six 2’-hydroxychalcones were synthesized and characterized by NMR, FT-Raman, ATR-FTIR, and UV-Vis. These chalcones alone and in combination with the ciprofloxacin, penicillin, and erythromycin antibiotics were tested against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. It was also verified by in vitro and in silico studeis the capacity of these chalcones to inhibit the NorA efflux pump. The MICs values of ciprofloxacin were reduced in the presence of all tested chalcones. For norfloxacin antibiotic, the chalcones A1, A4, A5 and A6 promoted the reduced in the MIC values. The A2 chalcone was the only one to reduce the MIC values when associated with penicillin. Any chalcones were not able to reduce MIC values when associated with erythromycin. These results indicate that the synergistic effects demonstrated for the synthesized chalcones were influenced by the introduction of a furanic ring (A1), a chlorine atom and a methoxy group at the C4 position (A2 and A4), a second double bond (A5), and a fluorine atom at the C2 position (A6). The ADMET analysis predicts that the chalcones A2, A3, A5 and A6 have easier cell permeation. The nucleophilic region makes the A5 chalcone capable of covalently bonding with plasma proteins, and the presence of oxygenated aromatic substitutions makes the chalcones A1 and A4 more water-soluble and consequently easier to excrete. On the other hand, the substitution of the methoxy group of the A4 chalcone makes it more susceptible to O-demethylation reactions by the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. The molecular docking revealed that all six chalcones could hinder the binding of norfloxacin to the NorA efflux pump.
- Xavier, Jayze da Cunha,de Almeida-Neto, Francisco W.Q.,Rocha, Janaína E.,Freitas, Thiago S.,Freitas, Priscila R.,de Araújo, Ana C.J.,da Silva, Priscila T.,Nogueira, Carlos E.S.,Bandeira, Paulo N.,Marinho, Márcia M.,Marinho, Emmanuel S.,Kumar, Nitin,Barreto, Ant?nio C.H.,Coutinho, Henrique D.M.,Juli?o, Murilo S.S.,dos Santos, Hélcio S.,Teixeira, Alexandre M.R.
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- Biocatalytic green alternative to existing hazardous reaction media: Synthesis of chalcone and flavone derivatives via the Claisen-Schmidt reaction at room temperature
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Owing to the increasing amount of waste materials around the globe, the conversion of waste or secondary by-products to value-added products for various applications has gained significant interest. Herein, two novel agro-food waste products, Musa sp. 'Malbhog' peel ash (MMPA) and Musa Champa Hort. ex Hook. F. peel ash (MCPA) are used as catalysts to promote an inexpensive, efficient and eco-friendly carbon-carbon bond forming crossed aldol reaction at room temperature in solvent free conditions. Furthermore, the resulting products were subjected to reactions with these promoters in an oxygen atmosphere and led to the formation of novel flavone derivatives. Moreover, the used catalysts were properly characterized using different sophisticated analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transition electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) along with element detection using atomic absorption spectroscopy and ion chromatographic methods. These two approaches are metal free, as well as being devoid of any extra additives, co-catalysts, harsh conditions, the use of column chromatography for purification and result in a higher yield of the product within a short space of time. The catalytic abilities of the promoter were also examined to synthesize important bioactive molecules such as butein and apigenin at room temperature. With gram scale synthesis of the chalcone derivatives, the used catalysts (MMPA and MCPA) were further reused for five cycles and did not demonstrate any loss in catalytic activity.
- Tamuli, Kashyap J.,Sahoo, Ranjan K.,Bordoloi, Manobjyoti
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supporting information
p. 20956 - 20965
(2020/12/31)
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- Organocatalytic Approach for Assembling Flavanones via a Cascade 1,4-Conjugate Addition/oxa-Michael Addition between Propargylamines with Water
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A DBU-catalyzed one-pot cascade reaction of propargylamines and water for the synthesis of flavanones has been developed. This process proceeds via a sequence of 1,4-conjugate addition of water to alkynyl o-quinone methide (o-AQM), followed by the alkyne-allene isomerization and subsequent intramolecular oxa-Michael addition. This strategy provides a convenient method for accessing a broad range of flavanones in good to excellent yields with good functional-group tolerance, in particular, the reactive halo functional groups.
- He, Xinwei,He, Xinwei,Xie, Mengqing,Li, Ruxue,Choy, Pui Ying,Tang, Qiang,Shang, Yongjia,Kwong, Fuk Yee
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supporting information
p. 4306 - 4310
(2020/06/05)
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- Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel (E)-2-phenylchroman-4-one-O-((1-substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl) oxime derivatives
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A series of new flavanone-triazole hybrids (7a–m) were synthesized from flavanone oximes (6a–c) via multistep synthetic strategy, involving Cu (I) catalyzed azide, alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition by Click reaction. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against HCT-15, HeLa, NCI-H522, and HEK-293 (normal cell line) cell lines. Compounds 6a, 7a, 7b, 7d, 7e, 7j, and 7m showed the significant cytotoxicity, wherein compound 7b showed potential cytotoxicity against NCI-H522 cell line and compounds 6a and 7a were offensive with HEK-293 in their toxicity profile.
- Gutam, Madhu,Mokenapelli, Sudhakar,Yerrabelli, Jayaprakash Rao,Banerjee, Somesh,Roy, Partha,Chitneni, Prasad Rao
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p. 1883 - 1891
(2020/05/13)
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- Novel chalcones derivatives with potential antineoplastic activity investigated by docking and molecular dynamics simulations
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Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Is the most aggressive among infiltrative gliomas arising from the CNS. This tumor has low patient survival rate and several studies aiming at developing new drugs have increased. Patients with this cancer type face significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the antineoplastic activity of synthetic chalcones (3a-3f) using in vitro glioblastoma models and molecular modeling. Cytotoxicity assay showed that Astrocitoma Hospital Ofir Loyola No 1 (AHOL1) and Uppsala 87 neoplastic glioblastoma lines (U87) cellular viability were significantly reduced compared to Healthy human fibroblasts cell lines (AN27) when exposed to chalcones. Interaction with the serine amino acid was present in the most promising and the reference binder docking, suggesting its importance inhibiting cell growth. Comparative analysis between the reference ligands and the molecules showed that the amino acid LYS352 present in all fittings, suggesting that this is the main amino acid for interaction with tubulin and are consistent with those in cytotoxicity assay, suggesting antineoplastic potential in glioblastoma. Long trajectory molecular dynamics studies were also carried out in order to investigate stability and conformations amongst the chalcones bound tubulin as well, in comparison to doxorubicin (here used as control), however future studies are needed to further assess the mechanism of inhibition of chalcones used in this investigation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
- Neto, Raimundo de A. M.,Santos, Cleydson B. R.,Henriques, Shayanne V. C.,Machado, Letícia de O.,Cruz, Jorddy N.,da Silva, Carlos H. T. de P.,Federico, Leonardo B.,Oliveira, Edivaldo H. C. de,de Souza, Michel P. C.,da Silva, Patrícia N. B.,Taft, Carlton A.,Ferreira, Irlon M.,Gomes, Madson R. F.
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- Aurones and Analogues: Promising Heterocyclic Scaffolds for Development of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents
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Synthesis of some new multi-functional analogues of 2′-hydroxy chalcone containing isoxazole and pyrazole functions were synthesized, and their pharmacological activity was tested. Chalcone derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 2′-hydroxy acetophenone with various substituted benzaldehydes in a basic medium. Aurones were isolated upon treatment with mercuric acetate. Synthesized chalcones and aurones were converted into the corresponding isoxazole and pyrazole derivatives upon their reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or hydrazine hydrate, respectively. Structures of the compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. All synthesized compounds were tested for antioxidant and antibacterial potential. Some of those demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity, and one product was identified as a promising antimicrobial candidate.
- Irshad,Ali,Iram,Ahamad,Saleem,Saadia,Batool,Kanwal,Tabassum
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p. 1519 - 1527
(2019/08/21)
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- Small multitarget molecules incorporating the enone moiety
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Chalcones represent a class of small drug/druglike molecules with different and multitarget biological activities. Small multi-target drugs have attracted considerable interest in the last decade due their advantages in the treatment of complex and multifactorial diseases, since “one drug-one target” therapies have failed in many cases to demonstrate clinical efficacy. In this context, we designed and synthesized potential new small multi-target agents with lipoxygenase (LOX), acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities, as well as antioxidant activity based on 2-/4- hydroxy-chalcones and the bis-etherified bis-chalcone skeleton. Furthermore, the synthesized molecules were evaluated for their cytotoxicity. Simple chalcone b4 presents significant inhibitory activity against the 15-human LOX with an IC50 value 9.5 μM, interesting anti-AChE activity, and anti-lipid peroxidation behavior. Bis-etherified chalcone c12 is the most potent inhibitor of AChE within the bis-etherified bis-chalcones followed by c11. Bis-chalcones c11 and c12 were found to combine anti-LOX, anti-AchE, and anti-lipid peroxidation activities. It seems that the anti-lipid peroxidation activity supports the anti-LOX activity for the significantly active bis-chalcones. Our circular dichroism (CD) study identified two structures capable of interfering with the aggregation process of Aβ. Compounds c2 and c4 display additional protective actions against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and add to the pleiotropic profile of the chalcone derivatives. Predicted results indicate that the majority of the compounds with the exception of c11 (144 ?) can cross the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) and act in CNS. The results led us to propose new leads and to conclude that the presence of a double enone group supports better biological activities.
- Liargkova, Thalia,Eleftheriadis, Nikolaos,Dekker, Frank,Voulgari, Efstathia,Avgoustakis, Constantinos,Sagnou, Marina,Mavroidi, Barbara,Pelecanou, Maria,Hadjipavlou-Litina, Dimitra
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Helicobacter pylori inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (HpIMPDH) inhibitors
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Inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) catalyzes a crucial step in the biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides. Being a validated target for immunosuppressive, antiviral, and anticancer drug development, lately it has been exploited as a promising target for antimicrobial therapy. Extending our previous work on Mycobacterium tuberculosis IMPDH, GuaB2, inhibitor development, we screened a set of 23 new chemical entities (NCEs) with substituted flavone (Series 1) and 1,2,3-triazole (Series 2) core structures for their in vitro Helicobacter pylori IMPDH (HpIMPDH) and human IMPDH2 (hIMPDH2) inhibitory activities. All the NCEs possessed acceptable molecular, physicochemical, and toxicity property profiles. The ranges for HpIMPDH and hIMPDH2 inhibition were 9–99.9% and 16–57%, respectively, at 10 μM concentration. The most potent HpIMPDH inhibitor, 25c, exhibited IC50 value of 1.27 μM with no hIMPDH2 inhibitory activity. The moderately potent, structurally novel hit molecule, 25c, may serve as a lead for further design and development of highly potent HpIMPDH inhibitors.
- Sahu, Niteshkumar U.,Purushothaman, Gayathri,Thiruvenkatam, Vijay,Kharkar, Prashant S.
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p. 125 - 132
(2018/11/06)
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- 2′-Hydroxychalcones as an alternative treatment for trichomoniasis in association with metronidazole
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The treatment for trichomoniasis, based on 5′-nitroimidazol agents, has been presenting failures related to allergic reactions, side effects, and the emergence of resistant isolates. There are no alternative drugs approved for the treatment of these cases; thus, the search for new active molecules is necessary. In this scenario, chalcones have been extensively studied for their promising biological activities. Here, we presented the synthesis of three hydroxychalcones (3a, b, and c), in vitro and in silico analyses against Trichomonas vaginalis. The in vitro biological evaluation showed that hydroxychalcone 3c presented anti-T. vaginalis activity, with complete death in 12?h of incubation at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100?μM. 3c showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against mammalian VERO cell line, but the association of 3c at 12.5?μM and metronidazole (MTZ) at 40?μM showed 95.31% activity against T. vaginalis trophozoites after 24?h of exposure and did not affect the VERO cell growth, appearing to be a good alternative. In silico analysis by molecular docking showed that 3c could inhibit the activity of TvMGL (methionine gamma-lyase), TvLDH (lactate dehydrogenase), and TvPNP (purine nucleoside phosphorylase) affecting the T. vaginalis survival and also suggesting a different mechanism of action from MTZ. Therefore, these results propose that hydroxychalcones are promising anti-T. vaginalis agents and must be considered for further investigations regarding trichomoniasis treatment.
- Alves, Mirna Samara Dié,Borsuk, Sibele,Casaril, Angela Maria,Ramos, Daniela Fernandes,Savegnago, Lucielli,Sena-Lopes, ?ngela,da Rocha Fonseca, Bárbara,da Silva, Caroline Carapina,das Neves, Raquel Nascimento,de Pereira, Claudio Martin Pereira
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- Highly Chemoselective Deprotection of the 2,2,2-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) Protecting Group
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Nonreducing, pH-neutral conditions for the selective cleavage of the 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl (Troc) protecting group are reported. Using trimethyltin hydroxide in 1,2-dichloroethane, Troc-protected alcohols, thiols, and amines can be selectively unmasked in the presence of various functionalities that are incompatible with the reducing conditions traditionally used to remove the Troc group. This mild deprotection protocol tolerates a variety of other hydrolytically sensitive and acid/base-sensitive moieties as well.
- Trost, Barry M.,Kalnmals, Christopher A.,Tracy, Jacob S.,Bai, Wen-Ju
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supporting information
p. 8043 - 8046
(2019/01/04)
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- Pyrazoline aminopeptidase N inhibitor and its preparation method and application (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a pyrazoline aminopeptidase N inhibitor and its preparation method and application. The invention relates to compounds having the general formula (I) or (II) the structure of the shown. The invention also provides a preparation method of the cardiovascular diseases and in preparation for preventing or treating the abnormal activity of aminopeptidase diseases associated with application of the medicament. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0116; 0117
(2018/05/16)
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- Chalcone and flavonol copper(II) complexes containing schiff base co-ligand: Synthesis, crystal structures and catecholase-like activity
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Four new heteroleptic copper(II) complexes having chalcone or flavonol ligands and Schiff base (N-phenyl-5-chlorosalicylideneimine) as co-ligand were prepared, chemically and structurally characterized and investigated as functional biomimetic catecholase models. The complexes were prepared by the solution synthesis and crystal and molecular structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. Complexes were chemically characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic absorption spectroscopy as well as by electrochemical measurements. Copper(II) chalcone complexes, with square-pyramidal CuO4N core, are binuclear, featuring phenolate oxygen from the Schiff base as a bridging atom, while copper(II) flavonol complexes are mononuclear, and reveal a square planar CuO3N coordination core. Catalytic activity of the complexes in 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol oxidation was confirmed by spectrophotometric and electrochemical measurements. Kinetic measurements revealed that the binuclear (chalcone-containing) complexes have enhanced catalytic activity as compared to the mononuclear Cu(II) flavonol complexes. Relatively high kcat values (300 – 750 h–1) confirmed their respectable biomimetic catecholase-like activity.
- Kahrovi?, Emira,Zahirovi?, Adnan,Vi?njevac, Aleksandar,Osmankovi?, Irnesa,Turku?i?, Emir,Kurtagi?, Harun
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p. 195 - 207
(2018/08/06)
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- Synthesis of a series of chalcones and related flavones and evaluation of their antibacterial and antifungal activities
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Background: A series of chalcones and flavones were synthesized from 2’-hydroxyacetophenone and substituted aromatic aldehydes via Simmons-Schmidt condensation followed by oxidative cyclization. Methods: Characterization of the obtained structures was established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against five bacterial strains (Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella braenderup, Escherichia coli.) and two fungal strains (Candida albicans, Candida krusei). Results: The in vitro bioassay results indicated that some target compounds displayed moderate (4d, 4e) to high (4a) antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungi C. albicans and C. krusei. Conclusion: For the antibacterial activity, only products 3d and 4d showed a weak antibacterial activity. These compounds can lead to the design of new drugs with specific antifungal activity.
- Benouda, Hind,Bouchal, Btissam,Challioui, Allal,Oulmidi, Abdelkader,Harit, Tarik,Malek, Fouad,Riahi, Abdelkhalek,Bellaoui, Mohammed,Bouammali, Boufelja
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- In Vitro and in Vivo Antischistosomal Activities of Chalcones
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In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo schistosomicidal activities of chalcones against Schistosoma mansoni worms. In vitro assays revealed that chalcones 1 and 3 were the most active compounds, without affecting significantly mammalian cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies revealed reduction on the numbers of tubercles and morphological alterations in the tegument of S. mansoni worms after in vitro incubation with chalcones 1 and 3. In a mouse model of schistosomiasis, the oral treatment (400 mg/kg) with chalcone 1 or 3 significantly caused a total worm burden reduction in mice. Chalcone 1 showed significant inhibition of the S. mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase activity, which was corroborated by molecular docking studies. The results suggested that chalcones could be explored as lead compounds with antischistosomal properties.
- Pereira, Vinícius R. D.,Junior, Ismael J. Alves,da Silveira, Lígia S.,Geraldo, Reinaldo B.,de F. Pinto, Priscila,Teixeira, Fernanda S.,Salvadori, Maria C.,Silva, Marcos P.,Alves, Lara A.,Capriles, Priscila V. S. Z.,das C. Almeida, Ayla,Coimbra, Elaine S.,Pinto, Pedro L. S.,Couri, Mara R. C.,de Moraes, Josué,Da Silva Filho, Ademar A.
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- Synthesis of Enones and Enals via Dehydrogenation of Saturated Ketones and Aldehydes
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A general, efficient and economic palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation to form enones or enals has been developed. The approach possesses extremely broad substrate scope including various linear or cyclic saturated ketones and aldehydes. The protocol is ligand-free, and molecular oxygen is used as the sole clean oxidant in the reaction. Due to mild reaction conditions, good functional group compatibility, and versatile utilities of enones and enals, the method can be applied in the late-stage synthesis of natural products, pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. (Figure presented.).
- Pan, Gao-Fei,Zhu, Xue-Qing,Guo, Rui-Li,Gao, Ya-Ru,Wang, Yong-Qiang
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p. 4774 - 4783
(2018/11/10)
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- From Carbamate to Chalcone: Consecutive Anionic Fries Rearrangement, Anionic Si → C Alkyl Rearrangement, and Claisen-Schmidt Condensation
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A highly efficient one-pot procedure was developed for the synthesis of various 2′-hydroxychalcones from phenyl diethylcarbamate, featuring consecutive Snieckus-Fries rearrangement, anionic Si a?' C alkyl rearrangement, and Claisen-Schmidt condensation in a single operation. The applicability of this protocol was demonstrated by the highly efficient synthesis of the anti-inflammatory natural product lonchocarpin. The mechanism insight is also provided.
- Kumar, Singam Naveen,Bavikar, Suhas Ravindra,Pavan Kumar, Chebolu Naga Sesha Sai,Yu, Isaac Furay,Chein, Rong-Jie
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p. 5362 - 5366
(2018/09/12)
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- Chalcone derivatives enhance ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 in human THP-1 macrophages
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Atherosclerosis is a process of imbalanced lipid metabolism in the vascular walls. The underlying pathology mainly involves the deposition of oxidized lipids in the endothelium and the accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages. Macrophages export excessive cholesterol (cholesterol efflux) through ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) to counter the progression of atherosclerosis. We synthesized novel chalcone derivatives and assessed their effects and the underlying mechanisms on ABCA1 expression in macrophages. Human THP-1 macrophages were treated with synthetic chalcone derivatives for 24 h. In Western blot and flow cytometry analyses, a chalcone derivative, (E)-1-(3,4-diisopropoxyphenyl)-3-(4-isopropoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop- 2-en-1-one (1m), was observed to significantly enhance ABCA1 protein expression in THP-1 cells (10 μM, 24 h). Levels of mRNA of ABCA1 and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) were quantified using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique and were found to be significantly increased after treatment with the novel chalcone derivative 1m. Several microRNAs, including miR155, miR758, miR10b, miR145, miR33, and miR106b, which functionally inhibit ABCA1 expression were suppressed after treatment with 1m. Collectively, 1m increases ABCA1 expression in human THP-1 macrophages. The mechanisms involve the activation of the LXRα-ABCA1 pathway and suppression of certain microRNAs that regulate ABCA1 expression.
- Teng, I-Jou,Tsai, Min-Chien,Shih, Shao-Fu,Tsuei, Bi-Feng,Chang, Hsin,Chuang, Yi-Ping,Lin, Chin-Sheng,Chern, Ching-Yuh,Chen, Sy-Jou
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- Synthesis and evaluation of hydroxychalcones as multifunctional non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia
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A series of hydroxychalcone derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for human xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. Most of the tested compounds acted moderate XO inhibition with IC50 values in the micromolar rang. Molecular docking and kinetic studies have been performed to explain the binding modes of XO with the selected compounds. In addition, in vitro antioxidant screening results indicated that some of the hydroxychalcones possessed good anti-free radical activities. Furthermore, the preferred compounds 16 and 18 were able to significantly inhibit hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and reduced serum uric acid level of hyperuricemic mice in vivo. In summary, compounds 16 and 18 with balanced activities of antioxidant, XO inhibition and serum uric acid reduction, which are promising candidates for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
- Xie, Zhaodi,Luo, Xiaoting,Zou, Zhuan,Zhang, Xiao,Huang, Feifei,Li, Ruishan,Liao, Shijie,Liu, Yun
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supporting information
p. 3602 - 3606
(2017/07/07)
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- Synthesis of pyrazole-substituted chromene analogues with selective anti-leukemic activity
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We report design and synthesis of a series of flavanone/chromene derivatives containing pyrazoles 6a–6h and 8a–8e with potent anti-leukemic activity. Anti-leukemic activity of novel flavanone derivatives was tested using the K562 cell line. The parental flavanone was selected as the reference compound in identification of analogues with superior anti-leukemic activity. More than two-thirds of the derivatives displayed higher activity than the initial flavanone. Positions of substituents that promoted anti-leukemic activity were identified on both the chromene and pyrazole fragments. Compounds 6b and 6c showed the highest activity against K562 cell line, with IC50 values 3.0 and 0.5 μM respectively. Notably, compounds 6b and 6c displayed very high selectivity in inhibition of leukemic cells (K562) but not of healthy HEK293 cells or solid cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF7 and BT474. Moreover, both the 6b and 6c compounds were predicted to have good ADME properties.
- Madhu,Sudhakar,Santosh Kumar,Rajashekher Reddy,Sravani,Ramakrishna,Prasad Rao, Ch.
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p. 2421 - 2428
(2017/11/24)
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- Synthesis of 5-subsituted flavonols via the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction: The mechanistic implication
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Herein, we report a synthetic method with improved selectivity for 5-substituted flavonols via the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada reaction (AFO), by using of sodium carbonate/hydrogen peroxide A series of 5-substituted flavonols was obtained with moderate to high yields. The mechanism of the AFO reaction was elucidated. LCMS analysis and in situ 1H NMR analysis indicated that the epoxide was involved in the transformation from chalcone to flavonol and/or aurone under alkaline base/peroxide conditions.
- Shen, Xianyan,Zhou, Qiang,Xiong, Wei,Pu, Wenchen,Zhang, Wei,Zhang, Guolin,Wang, Chun
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p. 4822 - 4829
(2017/07/17)
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- A facile microwave-assisted synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one and its derivatives via a novel approach
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The presented research work demonstrates a new methodology for generating a petite library of novel flavonol derivatives via Algar-Flynn-Oyamada reaction. Amongst oxygen-containing heterocycles, flavonoids are versatile scaffolds due to their manifestation as crucial components in various natural products and encompassing massive biological activities. Thus, in view of the immense significance of flavonols and the pronounced effect of microwave-assisted protocol, a systematic and efficient scheme is put together for constructing the target motive and its derivatives by both classical and novel method. Initially, 2-hydroxy chalcones are assembled through an innovative conventional technique, later followed by the formation of flavonols. This methodical protocol results in enhanced yield with reduced reaction times under benign and environmental friendly conditions. (Chemical Equation Presented).
- Ehsan, Shahana,Faisal, Saniya,Akbar, Wajiha
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p. 1190 - 1195
(2017/01/25)
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- Hydroxylated chalcones with dual properties: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors and radical scavengers
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In this study, we evaluated the abilities of a series of chalcones to inhibit the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) and to scavenge radicals. 20 mono- and polyhydroxylated chalcone derivatives were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation reactions and then tested for inhibitory potency against XO, a known generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In parallel, the ability of the synthesized chalcones to scavenge a stable radical was determined. Structure-activity relationship analysis in conjunction with molecular docking indicated that the most active XO inhibitors carried a minimum of three hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the most effective radical scavengers had two neighboring hydroxyl groups on at least one of the two phenyl rings. Since it has been proposed previously that XO inhibition and radical scavenging could be useful properties for reduction of ROS-levels in tissue, we determined the chalcones' effects to rescue neurons subjected to ROS-induced stress created by the addition of β-amyloid peptide. Best protection was provided by chalcones that combined good inhibitory potency with high radical scavenging ability in a single molecule, an observation that points to a potential therapeutic value of this compound class.
- Hofmann, Emily,Webster, Jonathan,Do, Thuy,Kline, Reid,Snider, Lindsey,Hauser, Quintin,Higginbottom, Grace,Campbell, Austin,Ma, Lili,Paula, Stefan
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p. 578 - 587
(2016/02/09)
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- Carbon-carbon bond formation in acid deep eutectic solvent: Chalcones synthesis: Via Claisen-Schmidt reaction
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One of the most studied properties of novel organic solvents is represented by their use as media for many chemical reactions. In this field Ionic Liquids (ILs) and more recently Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have been playing significant roles for their smart properties. DESs are increasing their relevance thanks to their low toxicity, and because of their simple and cheap preparation that can be carried out by simply mixing two compounds. In this work we present the studies of the use of an acid DES obtained from 3-(cyclohexyldimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate and (1S)-(+)-10-camphorsulfonic acid (SB3-Cy/CSA) as reaction media and catalyst for carbon-carbon bond formation reaction via Claisen-Schmidt condensation. This powerful and widely used aldol condensation was performed without the use of any catalysts that are usually needed in this reaction, because of the presence of acid CSA in the DES components. We synthesised fourteen substituted chalcones from benzaldehydes and substituted benzaldehydes in combination with acetophenone and substituted acetophenones as probe reactions. The advantages of the use of this DES in this relevant reaction are represented by: the green properties of the media and its low toxicity; the absence of harmful acids to catalyse the aldol condensation because of the camphorsulfonic acid composing the DES mixture; the recycling and the re-use of the DES in subsequent reaction cycles; the mild conditions and the excellent conversions and yields observed.
- Tiecco, Matteo,Germani, Raimondo,Cardellini, Fabio
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p. 43740 - 43747
(2016/05/24)
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- Fast and efficient synthesis of flavanones from cinnamic acids
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A fast and efficient synthesis of flavanones from cinnamic acids in three steps has been developed. First, the cinnamic acid was converted to cinnamyol chlorides using SOCl2. The acid chlorides were then treated with substituted phenols in BF3· OEt2to furnish corresponding chalcones in 42(75% yields. Base-catalyzed cyclization of the chalcones at room temperature afforded corresponding flavones in 85–95% yields. The conversion of the cinnamic acid derivatives to corresponding chalcones was found to be sensitive to the position and nature of the substituents on the aromatic rings.
- Bedane, Kibrom Gebreheiwot,Majinda, Runner R. T.,Masesane, Ishmael B.
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p. 1803 - 1809
(2016/11/18)
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- A novel chalcone derivative and composition for anticancer comprising the same
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The present invention relates to a novel chalcone derivative and an anticancer composition including the chalcone derivative. In the present invention, provided are an anticancer drug for treating ovarian cancer cells and another anticancer drug for treating ovarian cancer cells having resistance to cisplatin. For this, in the present invention, provided is a compound denoted by chemical formula 1 in which R^1 is H or OCH_3, R^2 is OCH_3 or H, R^3 is OCH_3, R^4 is H, R^5 is OCH_3, R^6 is H and R^7 is OCH_3.
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Paragraph 0052-0055; 0064-0065
(2020/05/06)
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- Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 2-Aryl Chromenes and Related Phosphoramidite Ligands and Catalyst Compounds
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Methods to access 2-aryl chromene compounds via an asymmetric catalytic process.
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Paragraph 0035
(2015/11/24)
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- Impact of mono- and disubstitution on the colorimetric dynamic covalent switching chalcone/flavanone scaffold
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The effect of aryl substitution on various aspects of the interconversion of ortho-hydroxychalcones and flavanones has been studied using multiple spectroscopic techniques. Derivatization of the core scaffold predictably alters the midpoint pH of this equilibration process suggesting its viability for application as a functional colorimetric molecular switch.
- Muller, Brian M.,Mai, Jesse,Yocum, Reid A.,Adler, Marc J.
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p. 5108 - 5114
(2014/07/08)
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- Total synthesis and assignment of the absolute stereochemistry of xanthoangelol J: Development of a highly efficient method for Claisen-Schmidt condensation Dedicated to Late (Dr.) Jadab C. Sarma on his 55th birthday on first May 2013
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The first total synthesis of cancer chemopreventive terpenyl hydroxychalcone xanthoangelol J isolated from Angelica keiskei was accomplished with asymmetric epoxidation, aromatic C-alkylation and Claisen-Schmidt condensation via enol mode as key steps. The crucial Claisen-Schmidt condensation has been accomplished by a novel green method using KHSO 4-SiO2 as a recyclable catalyst under microwave activation. The absolute configuration of the molecule was also determined.
- Kakati, Dwipen,Barua, Nabin C.
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p. 637 - 642
(2014/02/14)
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- Discovery of 2′-hydroxychalcones as autophagy inducer in A549 lung cancer cells
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A series of 2′-hydroxychalcone derivatives was synthesized and the effects of all the compounds on growth of A549 lung cancer cell were investigated. The results showed that all compounds had inhibitory effects on the growth of A549 lung cancer cells and compound 2-7 possessed the highest growth inhibitory effect and induced autophagy of A549 lung cancer cells.
- Wang, Fang-Wu,Wang, Sheng-Qing,Zhao, Bao-Xiang,Miao, Jun-Ying
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p. 3062 - 3070
(2014/05/06)
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- Chalcones with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents: Anticancer activity against TRAIL resistant cancer cells, structure-activity relationship analysis and regulation of apoptotic proteins
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In the present study, a series of 46 chalcones were synthesised and evaluated for antiproliferative activities against the human TRAIL-resistant breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), cervical (HeLa), ovarian (Caov-3), lung (A549), liver (HepG2), colorectal (HT-29), nasopharyngeal (CNE-1), erythromyeloblastoid (K-562) and T-lymphoblastoid (CEM-SS) cancer cells. The chalcone 38 containing an amino (-NH2) group on ring A was the most potent and selective against cancer cells. The effects of the chalcone 38 on regulation of 43 apoptosis-related markers in HT-29 cells were determined. The results showed that 20 apoptotic markers (Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-w, Bid, Bim, CD40, Fas, HSP27, IGF-1, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, Livin, p21, Survivin, sTNF-R2, TRAIL-R2, XIAP, caspase-3 and caspase-8) were either up regulated or down regulated.
- Mai, Chun Wai,Yaeghoobi, Marzieh,Abd-Rahman, Noorsaadah,Kang, Yew Beng,Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao
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supporting information
p. 378 - 387
(2014/04/17)
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- COMPOSITION FOR TREATING DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISEASES AND A PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF
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Disclosed is a chalcone composition for treating diabetes and metabolic syndromes. In particular, the chalcone compound bound with 2-halogen in ring A significantly decreases the blood glucose level in the in vitro anti-diabetic effect experiment. In the in vivo animal model, the leading chalcone compound can prevent the progression of diabetes and control the blood glucose level, and there is no significant difference in the gains in body weight. Throughout the seven-week administration, there are no hepatic or renal toxicity observed.
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Paragraph 0029
(2013/03/26)
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- Biological and structure-activity evaluation of chalcone derivatives against bacteria and fungi
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The present work describes the antibacterial and antifungal activities of several chalcones obtained by a straight Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation determined by the minimal inhibitory concentration against different microorganisms (Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi). Solid state crystal structures of seven chalcones were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Chemometric studies were carried out in order to identify a potential structureactivity relationship.
- Silva, Wender A.,Andrade, Carlos Kleber Z.,Napolitano, Hamilton B.,Vencato, Ivo,Lariucci, Carlito,De Castro, Miria M. R. C.,Camargo, Ademir J.
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p. 133 - 144
(2013/04/24)
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- Superior anticancer activity of halogenated chalcones and flavonols over the natural flavonol quercetin
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A series of chalcone and flavonol derivatives were synthesized in good yield by an eco-friendly approach. A pharmacological evaluation was performed with the human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116 and revealed that the anticancer activity of flavonols was higher when compared with that of the respective chalcone precursors. The antiproliferative activity of halogenated derivatives increases as the substituent in the 3- or 4-positon of the B-ring goes from F to Cl and to Br. In addition, halogens in position 3 enhance anticancer activity in chalcones whereas for flavonol derivatives the best performance was registered for the 4-substituted derivatives. Flow cytometry analysis showed that compounds 3p and 4o induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as demonstrated by increased S, G2/M and sub-G1 phases. These data were corroborated by western blot and fluorescence microscopy analysis. In summary, halogenated chalcones and flavonols were successfully prepared and presented high anticancer activity as shown by their cell growth and cell cycle inhibitory potential against HCT116 cells, superior to that of quercetin, used as a positive control.
- Dias, Tatiana A.,Duarte, Cecília L.,Lima, Cristovao F.,Proen?a, M. Fernanda,Pereira-Wilson, Cristina
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p. 500 - 510
(2013/10/01)
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- NHC-catalyzed reaction of enals with hydroxy chalcones: Diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized coumarins
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The N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed annulation of enals with 2′-hydroxy chalcones afford cyclopentane-fused coumarin derivatives with an excellent level of diastereocontrol. The reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups; 25 examples are given, and a preliminary mechanistic investigation is provided.
- Bhunia, Anup,Patra, Atanu,Puranik, Vedavati G.,Biju, Akkattu T.
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supporting information
p. 1756 - 1759
(2013/06/27)
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- Towards a dynamic covalent molecular switch: Substituent effects in chalcone/flavanone isomerism
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Chalcone/flavanone interconversion occurs facilely under aqueous alkaline conditions making it a promising scaffold for the development of a covalent molecular switch. In this study, a single methoxy substituent is shown to have a significant impact on the equilibrium dynamics of this reaction; this impact is dependent on the site of substitution. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Mai, Jesse,Hoxha, Ermal,Morton, Caitlin E.,Muller, Brian M.,Adler, Marc J.
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supporting information
p. 3421 - 3423
(2013/07/04)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of flavones and benzoflavones as inhibitors of BCRP/ABCG2
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Multidrug resistance (MDR) often leads to a failure of cancer chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP/ABCG2), a member of the superfamily of ATP binding cassette proteins has been found to confer MDR in cancer cells by transporting molecules with amphiphilic character out of the cells using energy from ATP hydrolysis. Inhibiting BCRP can be a solution to overcome MDR.We synthesized a series of flavones, 7,8-benzofl avones and 5,6-benzo flavones with varying substituents at positions 3, 3′ and 4′ of the (benzo)fl avone structure. All synthesized compounds were tested for BCRP inhibition in Hoechst 33342 and pheophorbide A accumulation assays using MDCK cells expressing BCRP. All the compounds were further screened for their P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) inhibitory activity by calcein AM accumulation assay to check the selectivity towards BCRP. In addition most active compounds were investigated for their cytotoxicity. It was observed that in most cases 7,8-benzoflavones are more potent in comparison to the 5,6-benzoflavones. In general it was found that presence of a 3-OCH3 substituent leads to increase in activity in comparison to presence of OH or no substitution at position 3. Also, it was found that presence of 3′,4′-OCH3 on phenyl ring lead to increase in activity as compared to other substituents. Compound 24, a 7,8-benzoflavone derivative was found to be most potent being 50 times selective for BCRP and showing very low cytotoxicity at higher concentrations.
- Juvale, Kapil,Stefan, Katja,Wiese, Michael
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p. 115 - 126
(2013/10/01)
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- 1H and 13C NMR spectral assignments of 2′-hydroxychalcones
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Chalcones are of interest to medicinal chemists because their structures can be easily modified with various functional groups. The syntheses and biological activities of chalcones from natural sources are well known. In this study, 24 2′-hydroxychalcones bearing methoxy substituents were synthesized, among which five are new. The NMR data for all synthesized chalcones are described for the first time. The complete assignments of the 1H and 13C NMR data can be used for the identification of newly discovered and widely isolated, synthesized chalcones. Copyright
- Yong, Yeonjoong,Ahn, Seunghyun,Hwang, Doseok,Yoon, Hyuk,Jo, Geunhyeong,Kim, Young Hwa,Kim, Sang Ho,Koh, Dongsoo,Lim, Yoongho
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p. 364 - 370
(2013/07/28)
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- Microbial synthesis of dihydrochalcones using Rhodococcus and Gordonia species
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Chalcones are important compounds in food and cosmetics industry, and in food chemistry research. We have developed a method of synthesis of dihydrochalcones from flavanone and α,β-unsaturated chalcones by microbial hydrogenation. It has been found that bacterial strains of Rhodococcus sp. and Gordonia sp. can be successfully used in the key step of dihydrochalcones synthesis. This kind of activity has not been previously examined. Twelve microorganisms were initially screened for their ability to catalyze biotransformation reactions of selected flavonoid compounds. Of these, Rhodococcus sp. and Gordonia sp. transformed flavanone and chalcones to hydrogenation products in good isolated yield of 13-94%.
- Stompor, Monika,Potaniec, Bartomiej,Szumny, Antoni,Zielinski, Pawe,Zonierczyk, Anna Katarzyna,Aniol, Miroslaw
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p. 283 - 288
(2013/10/22)
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- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2,4,6-Trihydroxychalcone Derivatives as Novel Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors
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A series of 2,4,6-trihydroxychalcone derivatives were synthesized and identified as reversible and competitive protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B inhibitors with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Compound 4a had the greatest in vitro inhibition activity against PTP1B (IC50=0.27± 0.01μm) and the best selectivity (6.9-fold) for PTP1B relative to T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatases. The compounds identified herein provide a foundation on which to design specific inhibitors of PTP1B and other PTPs.
- Sun, Liang-Peng,Gao, Li-Xin,Ma, Wei-Ping,Nan, Fa-Jun,Li, Jia,Piao, Hu-Ri
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p. 584 - 590
(2012/11/07)
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- Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of new bispyrazolines linked via 3-aryl ring with aliphatic chains
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The bispyrazolines 4a(a′-f′) and 4b(a′-f′) built around the aliphatic chains of varying lengths have been prepared by refluxing bischalcones 3a(a′-f′) and 3b(a′-f′) with phenyl hydrazine in alcoholic medium. The reactions of chalcones 2a and 2b with suitable 1,ω-dibromoalkanes in the presence of anhydrous K 2CO3/dry acetone and Bu4N+I - (PTC) provided 3a(a′-f′) and 3b(a′-f′), respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against five bacterial and four fungal strains. The compounds 3ba′, 3bc′, 3bd′, 3be′, 3af′, 4aa′ and 4ba′ showed better MIC (μg/mL) against the tested microorganisms.
- Yusuf, Mohamad,Jain, Payal
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p. 295 - 304
(2012/11/13)
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- Pd-catalyzed C-H oxygenation with TFA/TFAA: Expedient access to oxygen-containing heterocycles and late-stage drug modification
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Functionalized phenols are valuable industrial chemicals related to pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers. Therefore, the direct catalytic hydroxylation of arenes to produce phenols has attracted much attention. Although tremendous progress has been made in this field, there are still difficult substrates which remain unmet challenges for direct hydroxylation in terms of regio- and chemoselectivity, as well as the practicality of current methods (Scheme 1). For example, 2-hydroxy aromatic ketones are useful synthetic intermediates for the preparation of various oxygen-containing heterocycles such as benzofuranone, chromanone, benzoxazole, and dibenzooxazepine; they also serve as key building blocks for drugs such as celiprolol, acebutolol, and propafenone. Traditional strategies for accessing 2-hydroxy aromatic ketones have mainly involved the oxidation of benzylic alcohols, the hydrolysis of aromatic halides, Fries rearrangement of esters or the demethylation of methyl phenyl ether. These methods generally suffer from one limitation or another, such as tedious reaction procedures, harsh reaction conditions, low yields, or the formation of side products. Hence, direct transformation of readily available aromatic ketones into valuable 2-hydroxylated products by transition metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization is arguably a highly efficient and atom-economic method to access these compounds. Moreover, developing a more general strategy for the regio- and chemoselective C-H oxygenation of a variety of challenging arenes would be especially desirable for phenol synthesis (Scheme 1).
- Shan, Gang,Yang, Xinglin,Ma, Linlin,Rao, Yu
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supporting information
p. 13070 - 13074
(2013/02/26)
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- Investigation of chalcones and benzochalcones as inhibitors of breast cancer resistance protein
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Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) belongs to the ATP binding cassette family of transport proteins. BCRP has been found to confer multidrug resistance in cancer cells. A strategy to overcome resistance due to BCRP overexpression is the investigation of potent and specific BCRP inhibitors. The aim of the current study was to investigate different multi-substituted chalcones for their BCRP inhibition. We synthesized chalcones and benzochalcones with different substituents (viz. OH, OCH3, Cl) on ring A and B of the chalcone structure. All synthesized compounds were tested by Hoechst 33342 accumulation assay to determine inhibitory activity in MCF-7 MX and MDCK cells expressing BCRP. The compounds were also screened for their P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) inhibitory activity in the calcein AM accumulation assay and were found to be selective towards inhibition of BCRP. Substituents at position 2′ and 4′ on chalcone ring A were found to be essential for activity; additionally there was a great influence of substituents on ring B. Presence of 3,4-dimethoxy substitution on ring B was found to be optimal, while presence of 2- and 4-chloro substitution also showed a positive effect on BCRP inhibition.
- Juvale, Kapil,Pape, Veronika F.S.,Wiese, Michael
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experimental part
p. 346 - 355
(2012/03/09)
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- Synthesis and anti Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity of substituted chalcones alone and in combination with non-beta-lactam antibiotics
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A total of 30 chalcone analogues was synthesized via a base catalyzed Claisen Schmidt condensation and screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) alone or in combination with non beta-lactam antibiotics namely ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, vancomycin, doxycycline and gentamicin. In the checkerboard technique, fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) show that the following combinations like ciprofloxacin with 25 (4′-bromo-2-hydroxychalcone); doxycycline with 21 (4-hydroxychalcone); doxycycline with 25; and doxycycline with 4 (2′,2-dihydroxychalcone) were synergistic against MRSA. In term SAR study, the relationship between chalcone structure and their antibacterial activity against S. aureus and synergy with tested antibiotics were discussed. Possible mechanisms for antibacterial activity of chalcones alone as well as the synergistic effect in combinations were proposed by molecular modeling studies, respectively. Combinations of chalcones with conventional antibiotics could be an effective alternative in the treatment of infection caused by MRSA.
- Tran, Thanh-Dao,Do, Tuong-Ha,Tran, Ngoc-Chau,Ngo, Trieu-Du,Huynh, Thi-Ngoc-Phuong,Tran, Cat-Dong,Thai, Khac-Minh
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experimental part
p. 4555 - 4560
(2012/08/07)
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- In vitro inhibitory properties of ferrocene-substituted chalcones and aurones on bacterial and human cell cultures
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Two series of ten chalcones and ten aurones, where ferrocene replaces the C ring and with diverse substituents on the A ring were synthesized. The compounds were tested against two antibiotic-sensitive bacterial strains, E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, and two antibiotic-resistant strains, S. aureus SA-1199B and S. epidermidis IPF896. The unsubstituted compound and those with methoxy substitution showed an inhibitory effect on all bacterial strains at minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging between 2 and 32 mg L -1. For four of these compounds, the effect was bactericidal, as opposed to bacteriostatic. The corresponding organic aurones did not show growth inhibition, underscoring the role of the ferrocene group. The methoxy-substituted aurones and the unsubstituted aurone also showed low micromolar (IC50) activity against MRC-5 non-tumoral lung cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, suggesting non-specific toxicity.
- Tiwari, Keshri Nath,Monserrat, Jean-Philippe,Hequet, Arnaud,Ganem-Elbaz, Carine,Cresteil, Thierry,Jaouen, Gerard,Vessieres, Anne,Hillard, Elizabeth A.,Jolivalt, Claude
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experimental part
p. 6451 - 6457
(2012/09/21)
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- Rhodium(III)-catalyzed dehydrogenative Heck reaction of salicylaldehydes
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Your CHOice! An efficient RhIII-catalyzed dehydrogenative Heck reaction (DHR) of salicylaldehydes with different classes of olefins extends the oxidative Heck reaction to aldehyde C-H bonds. Several structural motifs similar to natural products and bioactive molecules such as aurones, flavones, 2'-hydroxychalcones, and flavanones could be efficiently produced. Initial mechanistic studies give insight into the reaction mechanism. Copyright
- Shi, Zhuangzhi,Schr?der, Nils,Glorius, Frank
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 8092 - 8096
(2012/08/29)
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