- A novel way to prepare n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation
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The synthesis of n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation in the presence of an inorganic salt ZnCl2 as a catalyst is reported. Using this specific catalyst for the synthesis of the n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation, not only shortens the reaction time, but also reduces the pollution from the use of concentrated sulfuric acid and prevents the complicated after-treatment handling problems. The reason for this type of microwave-assisted reaction is also demonstrated from the temperature profiles of the reaction. The ratio of the reactants for the better microwave energy efficiency is discussed. The use of microwave irradiation for the large-scale production of this type of food preservative is therefore feasible.
- Liao, Xiangjun,Raghavan,Yaylayan
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Read Online
- Zr-MOF-808 as Catalyst for Amide Esterification
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In this work, zirconium-based metal–organic framework Zr-MOF-808-P has been found to be an efficient and versatile catalyst for amide esterification. Comparing with previously reported homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, Zr-MOF-808-P can promote the reaction for a wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary amides with n-butanol as nucleophilic agent. Different alcohols have been employed in amide esterification with quantitative yields. Moreover, the catalyst acts as a heterogeneous catalyst and could be reused for at least five consecutive cycles. The amide esterification mechanism has been studied on the Zr-MOF-808 at molecular level by in situ FTIR spectroscopic technique and kinetic study.
- Villoria-del-álamo, Beatriz,Rojas-Buzo, Sergio,García-García, Pilar,Corma, Avelino
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supporting information
p. 4588 - 4598
(2020/12/25)
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- A recyclable cucurbit[6]uril-supported silicotungstic acid catalyst used in the esterification reaction
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The esterification reaction used to prepare butyl paraben (BP) and propyl gallate (PG) catalyzed using a cucurbit[6]uril-supported Keggin-type silicotungstic acid (Q[6]-STA) catalyst has been investigated. The Q[6]-STA catalyst has been characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, EDS, thermal analysis, and surface area studies. Q[6]-STA was easy to prepare in high yield and exhibited some advantageous properties, such as high catalytic activity and its convenient recovery. Moreover, a reusability study showed that the Q[6]-STA catalyst was stable and active.
- Xia, Wen,Nie, Yu-Mei,Lei, Na,Tao, Zhu,Zhu, Qiang-Jiang,Zhang, Yun-Qian
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- Method for preparing paraben
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The invention discloses a method for preparing paraben. The method comprises the following steps: adding p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Amol), an alcohol (Bmol) and a benzimidazole ionic liquid (Cmol) into adry three-neck flask, slowly heating, carrying out reflux reaction, and carrying out TLC monitoring until reaction is finished; carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove a solvent, washingresidues with ethyl acetate, carrying out suction filtration, and carrying out spin-drying on an obtained filtrate to obtain paraben. The yield can reach 90% or above; an obtained filter cake is the benzimidazole ionic liquid and can be recycled; the ratio of A to B to C is 1: 5: (0.2-0.5). The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the catalyst can be recycled, green and environment-friendly effects are realized, the cost is reduced, and the method is an efficient method for synthesizing paraben.
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Paragraph 0037-0040
(2020/03/25)
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- Proline ionic liquid and method for catalyzing synthesis of paraben by proline ionic liquid
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The invention discloses proline ionic liquid and a method for catalyzing synthesis of paraben by the proline ionic liquid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding N-butylbenzimidazole, a solvent and proline into a dry three-neck flask, carrying out reflux reaction until the reaction is complete (monitored by TLC), evaporating to remove the solvent to obtain a faint yellow oilyliquid, namely the proline ionic liquid, adding p-hydroxybenzoic acid, alcohol and a proline ionic liquid into a dry three-necked bottle, heating to reflux reaction, monitoring by TLC until the reaction is finished, evaporating under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, extracting residues with diethyl ether, evaporating the diethyl ether phase to remove the solvent to obtain the methylparabenwith the yield of 88% or above, wherein the remainder is the ionic liquid, and carrying out washing and drying so that the product can be recycled for many times. The method disclosed by the invention is efficient, environment-friendly and safe, the catalyst can be recycled, the cost is reduced, the requirement on equipment is low, and the method is an efficient method for synthesizing paraben.
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Paragraph 0059-0062
(2020/09/16)
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- Novel Benzothiazole Ionic Liquids as Catalysts for the Synthesis of Parabens
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Abstract: A simple and green approach to the esterification of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and aliphatic alcohols to obtain parabens was developed. First, two novel benzothiazole ionic liquids [HBth]H2PW12O40 (IL1) and [HBth]H4PMo12O41 (IL2) were synthesized with benzothiazole and heteropolyacids as starting materials. The synthesized ionic liquids were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, PXRD analysis, and SEM. The application of IL1 and IL2 as catalysts for the synthesis of parabens was explored. The results showed that the ILs had a high catalytic activity in the synthesis of parabens, and, at the same time, they could be easily recovered and reused five times without loss of activity.
- Liu, B.,Liu, Y.,Sun, J.,Yin, D.
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p. 1476 - 1483
(2020/10/02)
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- Single-Step Dual Functionalization: One-Pot Bromination-Cross-Dehydrogenative Esterification of Hydroxy Benzaldehydes with CCl 3 Br - A Comparison with Selectfluor
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Bromination of phenolic compounds without directly using molecular bromine possesses much importance. In this article an Ir III /CCl 3 Br-assisted single-step double functionalization of hydroxy benzaldehydes is reported. It involves simultaneous esterification of the aldehyde group and bromination of the aryl ring of phenolic aldehydes in one-pot. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions in the presence of 445 nm blue LED light to obtain highly functionalized bromo hydroxy benzoates in moderate to good yields. In comparison, Selectfluor as an oxidant gives only non-bromo phenolic esters.
- Talukdar, Ranadeep
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supporting information
p. 1713 - 1718
(2019/08/28)
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- Method for preparing parabens
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The invention discloses a method for preparing parabens. The method comprises the following steps: adding an appropriate amount of methanol (A) into a reaction container, sequentially adding a benzothiazole ionic liquid (B) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (C) while stirring, slowly heating the obtained solution to a reflux temperature, and carrying out TLC monitoring until the reaction ends; and distilling off methanol, washing the obtained reaction product with ethyl acetate, carrying out suction filtration (the filter cake is the benzothiazole ionic liquid), carrying out rotary evaporation on thefiltrate, washing the product with water, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the product to obtain colorless crystals (methylparaben) at a yield of 91% or above. A ratio of A:B:C is 1:4:0.15, and a catalyst has a high activity and a good stability, and can be recycled. Additionally, the method also has a high esterification rate of 87%% or above to other parabens (ethylparaben, propylparaben, isopropylparaben, butylparaben and n-dodecyl 4-hydroxybenzoate), and provides a good method for industrial synthesis of parabens.
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Paragraph 0026; 0030-0032; 0048; 0050-0053
(2019/07/01)
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- A process for preparing Nepal jin zhi method (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a method for preparing Nepal jin zhi method: in a reaction container by adding of formula choline chloride (Amol) and methanesulfonic acid (Bmol), for 80 °C stirring to complete dissolution shall be low altogether [...]; cooling to room temperature, then added to the hydroxy benzoic acid of formula (Cmol) acrylic (Dmol), slow heating, reflux reaction, TLC monitoring until a reaction is finished (1 - 2 h); reaction liquid-cooled to the room temperature, precipitate solid, filtered, cake of a small amount of washing, get [...], a yield of 90% or more; recycling the filtrate to obtain low altogether [...]. Wherein A: B: C: D is 1: (1 - 4): 1: (1.1 - 1.5). The method of the invention short reaction time, efficiency is high, the catalyst can be recycled, environmental protection, and reducing the cost; to reduce the consumption of the stinging; low requirements on equipment, is an efficient method of synthesizing [...]. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0056; 0057; 0058; 0059; 0060; 0061; 0062
(2019/10/02)
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- Synthesis of Hydroxybenzoic Acids and Their Esters by Reaction of Phenols with Carbon Tetrachloride and Alcohols in the Presence of Iron Catalysts
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Alkyl esters of hydroxy-, methoxy-, and ethoxybenzoic and cresotic acids have been synthesized by reaction of phenols, anisole, phenetole, and cresols with carbon tetrachloride and alcohols in the presence of iron catalysts.
- Bayguzina,Tarisova,Khusnutdinov
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p. 208 - 215
(2018/03/26)
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- Preparation method of butyl p-hydroxybenzoate
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The invention discloses a preparation method of butyl p-hydroxybenzoate. The method comprises the following steps: adding p-hydroxybenzoic acid, normal butanol and 732 macroporous resin into a 3-mouth flask, uniformly mixing, adding an electromagnetic stirrer into a microwave oven, starting stirring, ensuring that reaction is begun, and timely discharging water separated from a water separator; turning off a power supply after reaction is performed for 2 to 3h, pouring reaction fluid into a clean 3-mouth flask, distilling off excess normal butanol through water vapor, pouring still residue into a clean beaker, performing cooling crystallization, performing washing with 10 percent sodium carbonate solution till the pH value is 7.0 to 8.0, performing suction filtration, washing a filter cake through distilled water, drying, and performing refining, so as to obtain the white solid product butyl p-hydroxybenzoate. According to the method, 732 macroporous resin serves as a catalyst, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and normal butanol serve as raw materials, the butyl p-hydroxybenzoate is prepared through a microwave method, excess normal butanol can be recycled and reutilized, the corrosion to equipment is small, the environmental pollution is small, the yield is high, the purity is good, the preparation technology is simple, and the method is suitable for industrial mass production.
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Paragraph 0014; 0015; 0016; 0017; 0018; 0019; 0020-0025
(2017/10/20)
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- Preparation method of butylparaben
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The invention belongs to the field of food additives and particularly relates to a preparation method of butylparaben. With the method, home-made solid super acid is used as a catalyst, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and n-butyl alcohol are used as reaction raw materials, and a product is obtained through an esterification reaction. The home-made catalyst is the solid super acid obtained by roasting ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate. Ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate is ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate waste after catalysis of the esterification reaction. With the method, industrial waste is recycled, the discharge of the solid waste is reduced, and the method has the good environmental protection benefit; and meanwhile, the catalyst prepared with the method has the advantages of being good in catalytic activity, high in selectivity, capable of recycled repeatedly and the like.
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Paragraph 0013
(2017/06/29)
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- Gibbilimbol analogues as antiparasitic agents - Synthesis and biological activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania (L.) infantum
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The essential oils from leaves of Piper malacophyllum (Piperaceae) showed to be mainly composed by two alkenylphenol derivatives: gibbilimbols A and B. After isolation and structural characterization by NMR and MS data analysis, both compounds were evaluated against promastigote/amastigote forms of Leishmania (L.) infantum as well as trypomastigote/amastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The obtained results indicated that gibbilimbol B displayed potential against the tested parasites and low toxicity to mammalian cells, stimulating the preparation of several quite simple synthetic analogues in order to improve its activity and to explore the preliminary structure-activity relationships (SAR) data. Among the prepared derivatives, compound LINS03003 (n-octyl-4-hydroxybenzylamine) displayed the most potent IC50 values of 5.5 and 1.8 μM against amastigotes of T. cruzi and L. (L.) infantum, respectively, indicating higher activity than the natural prototype. In addition, this compound showed remarkable selectivity index (SI) towards the intracellular forms of Leishmania (SI = 13.1) and T. cruzi (SI = 4.3). Therefore, this work indicated that preparation of synthetic compounds structurally based in the bioactive natural products could be an interesting source of novel and selective compounds against these protozoan parasites.
- Varela, Marina T.,Dias, Roberto Z.,Martins, Ligia F.,Ferreira, Daiane D.,Tempone, Andre G.,Ueno, Anderson K.,Lago, Jo?o Henrique G.,Fernandes, Jo?o Paulo S.
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p. 1180 - 1183
(2016/02/23)
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- Structure–activity relationships of vanillic acid ester analogs in inhibitory effect of antigen-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells
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Methyl vanillate (1) showed strong degranulation inhibitory activity among vanillin derivatives tested. In order to find structure–activity relationships for developing anti-allergic agents with simple structures and potent activity, we synthesized several vanillic acid (VA) ester derivatives with C1–C4and C8alkyl chains and evaluated their degranulation inhibitory activities. The most active compound of VA ester derivatives was derivative 5 with a C4straight alkyl chain, and derivative 5 exhibited approximately three-fold greater inhibitory activity than that of 1. Moreover, we designed 8 types of analogs based on 5, and we found that the minimum structure for potent degranulation inhibitory activity requires direct connection of the butyl ester moiety on the benzene ring and at least one hydroxyl group on the benzene ring. Butyl meta or para hydroxyl benzoate (10 or 11) has a simpler structure than that of 5 and exhibited more potent degranulation inhibitory activity than that of 5.
- Ishimata, Nao,Ito, Hideyuki,Tai, Akihiro
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supporting information
p. 3533 - 3536
(2016/07/22)
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- An efficient one-pot oxidative esterification of aldehydes to carboxylic esters using B(C6F5)3-TBHP
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A simple and efficient protocol for oxidative esterification of diverse aldehydes with alcohols was accomplished with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 1 mol % of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C6F5)3] to generate the corresponding esters in good to excellent yields. The present protocol represents compatibility with wide range of functional groups as well as exceptional tolerance toward acid labile protecting groups such as TBDPS, TBDMS, acetonide, and Boc.
- Guggilapu, Sravanthi Devi,Prajapti, Santosh Kumar,Babu, Bathini Nagendra
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supporting information
p. 889 - 892
(2015/02/05)
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- Mesomorphism of binary systems of nonmesogenic compounds
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Three binary systems, each consisting of two nonmesogenic compounds, viz. p-tolual-p-phenetidine (M.P. 108.5C) [A] as the common component, and Methyl p-(p-n-butyloxy benzoyloxy) benzoate (M.P. 119.0C) [B1], Ethyl-p-(p-n-butyloxy benzoyloxy) benzoate (M.P. 94.0C) [B2], and n-Butyl p-(p-n-butyloxy benzoyloxy) benzoate (M.P. 130.0C) [B3] as the second component, respectively, are studied with a view to understand the effect of terminal groups on nematic and/or smectic mesomorphism. Latent transition temperatures (LTT) of the constituent components A, B1, B2, and B3 were determined by extrapolation. Binary system (A + B1) induces a nematogenic mesophase while binary systems (A + B2) and (A + B3) both induce a smectic mesophase in addition to a nematic mesophase. Phase diagrams of the binary systems under investigation are plotted for the mole percent of component (A) versus the transition temperatures of each binary system as determined from polarizing optical microscopy. The texture of the nematic mesophase is of threaded type and that of the smectic mesophase is focal-conic fan shaped of the type smectic-A. Components A, B1, B2, and B3 were prepared by established methods. Analytical data support the structure of molecules under investigation. Melting points of the constituent components match with data reported earlier.
- Doshi,Odedara,Patel
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scheme or table
p. 97 - 103
(2012/05/04)
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- Esterification of carboxylate-based ionic liquids with alkyl halides
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A facile reaction of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIm]Ac) with dichloromethane at room temperature was observed with esters among the products. This esterification can be exploited for mild solvent-free esterification with a range of other carboxylate-based ionic liquids and alkyl halides. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Zhao, Bin,Greiner, Lasse,Leitner, Walter
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scheme or table
p. 2973 - 2975
(2011/04/24)
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- Synthesis of Nipagin esters using acidic functional ionic liquids as catalysts
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Several Bronsted acidic functional ionic liquids (FILs) with an alkane sulfonic acid group were synthesized. These FILs as dual solvent-catalysts for Nipagin esterification reactions were investigated. The results indicated that [HSO3-pMIM]HSO4 has the best catalytic activity and recyclability among the various kinds of FILs investigated, and its structure was characterized by infrared and NMR. The [HSO3-pMIM]HSO4 could be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused without noticeably decreasing the catalytic activity. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Wang, Guohua,Li, Lu,Xie, Congxia,Yu, Shitao,Liu, Fusheng,Ye, Xiaoling
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experimental part
p. 945 - 952
(2011/04/25)
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- Transesterification of various methyl esters under mild conditions catalyzed by tetranuclear zinc cluster
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A new catalytic transesterification promoted by a tetranuclear zinc cluster was developed. The mild reaction conditions enabled the reactions of various functionalized substrates to proceed in good to high yield. A large-scale reaction under solvent-free conditions proceeded with a low E-factor value (0.66), indicating the high environmental and economical advantage of the present catalysis.
- Iwasaki, Takanori,Maegawa, Yusuke,Hayashi, Yukiko,Ohshima, Takashi,Mashima, Kazushi
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p. 5147 - 5150
(2008/09/21)
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- An efficient and selective deprotecting method for methoxymethyl ethers
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Methoxymethyl ethers were selectively deprotected to the corresponding phenols in high yields by CBr4 and PPh3 in aprotic solvent (ClCH2CH2Cl) under slightly thermal reaction conditions.
- Peng, Yungui,Ji, Changyun,Chen, Yingchun,Huang, Chengzhi,Jiang, Yaozhong
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p. 4325 - 4330
(2007/10/03)
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- Inhibition of estrone sulfatase (ES) by alkyl and cycloalkyl ester derivatives of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid
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In our search for potent inhibitors of the enzyme estrone sulfatase (ES), we have undertaken the synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of esters of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid. The results of the study show that the synthesised compounds possess potent inhibitory activity, indeed the cyclooctyl derivative was found to be more potent than 667-COUMATE, which is currently undergoing clinical trials.
- Patel, Chirag K.,Owen, Caroline P.,Ahmed, Sabbir
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p. 605 - 609
(2007/10/03)
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- Regioselective Carboxylation of Phenols with Carbon Dioxide
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A few novel methods were developed for the regioselective preparation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) and its amino derivative by means of the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. Thus, the carboxylation of tetraalkylammonium phenoxide at 125°C under the CO2 pressure of 5.0 MPa in the presence of K2CO3 gave pHBA in a maximum yield of 56% with the regioselectivity of 97-100%. The carboxylation of potassium phenoxide (PhOK) at 230°C under the CO2 pressure of 0.5 MPa also gave pHBA regioselectively in a 39% yield, together with unaltered phenol (61%) Under such conditions, the potassium salt of salicylic acid (SA) once formed was transformed into pHBA. Heat treatment of the dipotassium salt of 13C labeled SA indicated that the transformation occurs via two pathways, i.e., the intramolecular rearrangement of the salicylate (66%) and the decarboxylation of the salicylate followed by the recarboxylation of the resulting PhOK (34%). Furthermore, the carboxylation of cesium m-aminophenoxide and 5-amino-1-naphthoxide with CO2 gave regioselectively 4-hydroxyanthranilic and 8-amino-4-hydroxy-1-naphthoic acids, respectively, in good yields. This is a simple one-pot reaction giving these industrially useful acids with good yields.
- Rahim, Mohammad Abdur,Matsui, Yoshihisa,Matsuyama, Takanori,Kosugi, Yoshio
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p. 2191 - 2195
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of some novel benzoic acid based esters as potential inhibitors of oestrone sulphatase
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Oestrone sulphatase is an important target in the fight against hormone-dependent breast cancer. In an effort to investigate the reported definitive pharmacophore for oestrone sulphatase and continue our search for potent inhibitors of this enzyme, we have undertaken extensive synthesis, biochemical evaluation and physicochemical property determination of a range of benzoic acid based esters. Here, we report the initial results of our study into a series of straight chain alkyl esters of 4-sulphonylbenzoic acid. Using these compounds, we have investigated the involvement of two physicochemical properties, namely logP and pKa. The results of this study show that there was a strong correlation between the inhibitory activity and the logP of the parent compound. Within the series of compounds studied, hydrophobicity appears to be a more important factor than pKa in determining the overall inhibitory activity. In a previous report, we showed that pKa plays an important role in stabilizing the phenoxide ion resulting from the hydrolysis of the sulphamate group. Here, we propose that although pKa is an important factor in determining the overall inhibitory activity when a wide range of compounds are considered, both hydrophobicity and pKa need to be considered in the design of potential inhibitors of oestrone sulphatase.
- Owen, Caroline,James, Karen,Sampson, Luther,Ahmed, Sabbir
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- Inhibition of estrone sulfatase (ES) by derivatives of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid
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In our search for potent inhibitors of the enzyme estrone sulfatase (ES), we have undertaken the synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of straight chain alkyl esters of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid. The results of the study show that the synthesised compounds possess greater inhibitory activity when compared to COUMATE, although they were all found to possess lower inhibitory activity with respect to EMATE. Furthermore, the data suggest a strong correlation between logP and IC50 and therefore adds further support to our previous report where we suggested a link between inhibitory activity and hydrophobicity.
- Ahmed, Sabbir,James, Karen,Owen, Caroline P
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p. 2391 - 2394
(2007/10/03)
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- One billionhertz microwave athermal action on the synthesis of aromatic esters at normal pressure
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Benzoic acid or p-hydroxybenzoic acid undergoes rapid reaction with alcohol using H2SO4 as catalyst at normal pressure, under irradiating continuously of the 1 GHz and 50 mW microwave for 22-60 minutes to afford aromatic esters in 76-90% yields.
- Zhang,Zhou,Zhang,Wu,Chen
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p. 2435 - 2439
(2007/10/03)
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- Glucopyranoside recognition by polypyridine-macrocyclic receptors possessing a wide cavity with a flexible linkage
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New polypyridine-macrocyclic receptors for glucopyranosides were designed and synthesized. The artificial receptors possess a terpyridine skeleton as a hydrogen-bonding site and a flexible polyoxyethylene chain as a bridge for the macrocyclic structure, in which the cavity of the receptors is large enough to incorporate pyranosides. The receptors showed high affinities for n-octyl ?2-(D)-glucopyranoside, and selective binding of the receptors was observed between epimeric pyranosides. The results obtained in this paper demonstrated versatility of the terpyridine skeleton as a hydrogenbonding site for saccharides.
- Inouye, Masahiko,Chiba, Junya,Nakazumi, Hiroyuki
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p. 8170 - 8176
(2007/10/03)
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- Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O in synthesis: A convenient and efficient catalyst for the esterification of aromatic carboxylic acids with alcohols
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Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O has been used for the catalyst in the esterification of aromatic carboxylic acids with alcohols. The method offers mild reaction condition, easy work-up, and high yields of the esterification products.
- Zhang, Gui-Sheng
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p. 607 - 611
(2007/10/03)
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- An efficient general method for esterification of aromatic carboxylic acids
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Treatment of a variety of aromatic carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of thionyl chloride results in excellent yields of corresponding esters. This esterification system is compatible with a wide assortment of functional groups.
- Hosangadi, Bhaskar D.,Dave, Rajesh H.
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p. 6375 - 6378
(2007/10/03)
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- Water-containing external preparations
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Water-containing external preparations are disclosed, which contain, as essential ingredients, (a) 0.05-1 wt. % of deprodone propionate and (b) 1-20 wt. % of a polyhdric alcohol.
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- Method for the manufacture of hydroxy aromatic monocarboxylic acids
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A method for preparing hydroxy aromatic carboxylic acids, or the ester derivatives thereof, comprises the carbonylation of a hydroxy aromatic bromide in the presence of a catalytic amount of a transition element of group VIII of the Periodic Table on a carbon support, at a pH of above 8, in the absence of any promoter.The reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of between 140oC to 200oC. The resulting products are obtained in high yields and of high purity. The method has particular applicability to the manufacture of 6-carboxy-2-naphthol and 4-hydroxy-4'-carboxy-biphenyl.
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- Preparative Scale Organic Synthesis using a Kitchen Microwave Oven
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A new and practical continuous flow procedure for preparative scale organic synthesis using a kitchen microwave oven as the heat source has been developed and successfully applied to five different organic reactions.
- Chen, Shui-Tein,Chiou, Shyh-Horng,Wang, Kung-Tsung
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p. 807 - 809
(2007/10/02)
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