13031-76-0Relevant articles and documents
Sulfone-Containing Methacrylate Homopolymers: Wetting and Thermal Properties
Fujii, Shota,McCarthy, Thomas J.
, p. 765 - 771 (2016)
Although the sulfonyl functional group has a large dipole moment and compounds containing them (sulfones) have correspondingly high dielectric constants, this chemical structure has been neglected for use as a functional group to render surfaces hydrophilic. We have prepared three methacrylate polymers containing side chains capped with sulfolane, methylsulfone, and ethylsulfone functionality. The sulfolane-containing polymer exhibits an unusually high glass transition temperature (Tg = 188 °C) for a methacrylate polymer and slightly different thermal degradation behavior than the other two sulfone-containing polymers, likely due to the bulky structure of the sulfolane group in the polymer side chain. At macroscopic polymer film/water interfaces, the sulfone-containing side chains exposed to the interface impart hydrophilic properties as assessed by contact angle analysis. The hydrophilicities of sulfolane and methylsulfone surfaces are similar, and greater than the ethylsulfone surface. Although the chemical compositions of the sulfolane and ethylsulfone polymers are almost identical, the five-membered ring structure of sulfolane allows the sulfonyl moiety to be exposed at the interface in a manner similar to that of the methylsulfone polymer. The sulfonyl group at the ethylsulfone polymer/water interface is slightly masked by the ethyl group. Interestingly, the sulfolane surface displays a higher affinity to methylene iodide and n-hexadecane probe fluids compared to the other sulfone surfaces, suggesting that the five-membered ring structure of the sulfolane moiety can orient in a manner that shelters the sulfonyl group at hydrophobic interfaces.
Erbium-Catalyzed Regioselective Isomerization-Cobalt-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation Sequence for the Synthesis of Anti-Markovnikov Alcohols from Epoxides under Mild Conditions
Liu, Xin,Longwitz, Lars,Spiegelberg, Brian,T?njes, Jan,Beweries, Torsten,Werner, Thomas
, p. 13659 - 13667 (2020/11/30)
Herein, we report an efficient isomerization-transfer hydrogenation reaction sequence based on a cobalt pincer catalyst (1 mol %), which allows the synthesis of a series of anti-Markovnikov alcohols from terminal and internal epoxides under mild reaction conditions (≤55 °C, 8 h) at low catalyst loading. The reaction proceeds by Lewis acid (3 mol % Er(OTf)3)-catalyzed epoxide isomerization and subsequent cobalt-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation using ammonia borane as the hydrogen source. The general applicability of this methodology is highlighted by the synthesis of 43 alcohols from epoxides. A variety of terminal (23 examples) and 1,2-disubstituted internal epoxides (14 examples) bearing different functional groups are converted to the desired anti-Markovnikov alcohols in excellent selectivity and yields of up to 98%. For selected examples, it is shown that the reaction can be performed on a preparative scale up to 50 mmol. Notably, the isomerization step proceeds via the most stable carbocation. Thus, the regiochemistry is controlled by stereoelectronic effects. As a result, in some cases, rearrangement of the carbon framework is observed when tri-and tetra-substituted epoxides (6 examples) are converted. A variety of functional groups are tolerated under the reaction conditions even though aldehydes and ketones are also reduced to the respective alcohols under the reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies and control experiments were used to investigate the role of the Lewis acid in the reaction. Besides acting as the catalyst for the epoxide isomerization, the Lewis acid was found to facilitate the dehydrogenation of the hydrogen donor, which enhances the rate of the transfer hydrogenation step. These experiments additionally indicate the direct transfer of hydrogen from the amine borane in the reduction step.
The solvent for the electrolyte, and the electrolyte for the electrochemical device.
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Paragraph 0044, (2017/06/02)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solvent for an electrolytic solution including a sulfone compound and having a relatively low melting point, excellent thermal stability and higher decomposition voltage characteristics; a lithium primary cell, a lithium secondary cell, a lithium ion cell, a fuel cell, and a solar cell using the solvent for an electrolytic solution; and an electrolytic solution for an electrochemical device such as an electric double layer capacitor.SOLUTION: A solvent for an electrolytic solution includes a sulfone compound represented by formula (1). In the formula (1); R, Rand Rare each independently a 1-4C alkyl group, a phenyl group or an allyl group.
