1310-66-3

Basic information

• Product Name: Lithium hydroxide monohydrate
• Synonyms: Lithium hydroxide, monohydrate or lithium hydroxide, solid;Lithium Hydroxide ];Lithium hydroxide, solution
• CAS NO: 1310-66-3
• Molecular Formula: HO*Li
• Molecular Weight: 41.96362
• EINECS: 215-183-4
• Mol File: 1310-66-3.mol
• Article Data: 8

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 462℃
• Boiling Point: 100 °C at 760 mmHg
• Appearance: colourless, hygroscopic crystals
• Density: 1.51 g/cm³
• Water Solubility: 109 g/L (20℃)
• CAS DataBase Reference: Lithium hydroxide monohydrate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Lithium hydroxide monohydrate(1310-66-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Lithium hydroxide monohydrate(1310-66-3)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: C:Corrosive
• Statements: R20/22:; R35:
• Safety Statements: S22:; S26:; S36/37/39:; S45:
• Hazardous Substances Data: 1310-66-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

General Description

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate is a chemical compound with the formula LiOH.H2O. It is a white hygroscopic crystalline material utilized widely in various industries. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It can absorb carbon dioxide from the air and reacts with water liberally to form lithium hydroxide and heat. In the industrial sector, it is deployed in the production of lithium greases, batteries, and ceramics. Moreover, in life science operations, it serves as a buffering agent for biological research. Its uses also extend to the aeronautic sector where it's used in spaceships and submarines as a carbon dioxide scrubber. However, it can be corrosive, hence needs to handled carefully and can cause severe skin burns and eye damage.

InChI:InChI=1/Li.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+1;;/p-1/i1+0;;

Synthetic route

water (7732-18-5) + lithium hydroxide (1310-65-2) → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
In ethanol; water boiling soln. of LiOH in 62.8 vol.-% alcohol, pptn. of hydrate on vaporization or cooling ;;
With sulfuric acid In water vaporization of cold. concd. LiOH soln. over H2SO4;;
In water aq. LiOH soln.; various conditions;;

water (7732-18-5) + lithium carbonate (554-13-2) → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In sulfuric acid Electrolysis; electrochemical conversion of LiCO3 into LiOH in aq. H2SO4 at temp. 30-40°C in membrane electrolyzer is suggested; soln. of LiOH cooled, evapd. and LiOH*H2O crystd.; product washed with LiOH soln. and dried; elem. anal.;

lithium chloride → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water Electrolysis; formation by electrolysis of aq. LiCl with a Hg-circulation cathode;; the formed LiOH*H2O is free of Cl(1-), SO4(2-), PO4(3-) and Fe(3+);;
In water

lithium hydroxide (1310-65-2) → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water formation as precipitate on evaporation a aq. soln. of LiOH;;
In water formation as precipitate on evaporation a aq. soln. of LiOH;;

lithium carbonate (554-13-2) → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
With caustic lime In water reaction of Li2CO3 with caustic lime in aq. soln.;;
With caustic lime In water

n-butyllithium (109-72-8, 29786-93-4) + potassium based lithium manganese oxyiodide → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + Li(x)Mn(x)O(x), cubic + potassium based lithium manganese oxyiodide

Conditions	Yield
In hexane 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane, 48 h; ppt. was washed thoroughly with hexane and EtOH, dried in vac., elem. anal., detected by X-ray powder diffractometry;	A n/a B 0% C n/a

n-butyllithium (109-72-8, 29786-93-4) + sodium-based lithium manganese oxyiodide → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + Li(x)Mn(x)O(x), cubic + sodium-based lithium manganese oxyiodide

Conditions	Yield
In hexane 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane, 48 h; ppt. was washed thoroughly with hexane and EtOH, dried in vac., elem. anal., detected by powder X-ray diffractometry;	A n/a B 0% C n/a

Li7.9MnN3.2O1.6 → lithium manganese oxide + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + manganese(II) oxide + lithium carbonate (554-13-2)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) stored in open air for 8 wk; detd. by X-ray diffraction;

Li11.9MnN3.7O3 → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + manganese(II) oxide

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) stored in open air for 8 wk; detd. by X-ray diffraction;

Li34.2MnN3.9O13.7 → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + manganese(II) oxide + lithium carbonate (554-13-2)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) stored in open air for 8 wk; detd. by X-ray diffraction;

Li34.2MnN3.9O13.7 → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) stored in open air for 1 wk; detd. by X-ray diffraction;

pentalithium ferrite + water (7732-18-5) → lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
With air for 1h;

Li1.97Co1.04Se1.05O0.93 + water (7732-18-5) → cobalt (II) selenide + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + cobalt diselenide

Conditions	Yield
With air at 20℃; for 0.5h;

Li1.97Mn1008S0.98O1.043 + water (7732-18-5) → manganese(II) sulfide + manganese(II) hydroxide + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3)

Conditions	Yield
With air at 20℃; for 0.5h;

Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + phosphoric acid (86119-84-8, 7664-38-2) + lithium nitrate → lithium iron(II) phosphate

Conditions	Yield
In water evpn. of stoich. soln. of Fe(NO3)3*9H2O and LiH2PO4 at 20°C; two-steps termal treatment at 350 and 700°C under N2/H2 during 10 h; WO 2002/099913 A1; sintered for 12 h at 800°C (under Ar) for electrical measurements; detd. by XRD;	100%

manganese (II) nitrate tetrahydrate + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + phosphoric acid (86119-84-8, 7664-38-2) + lithium nitrate → lithium manganese(II) phosphate

Conditions	Yield
In water pptd. in soln. of Mn(NO3)2*4H2O (0.1M), H3PO4 (0.1M), LiNO3 (1M) and LiOH*H2O (0.3M) after 5 d under refluxing and stirring (pH=10); Chem. Mater., 16, 93 (2004); sintered for 12 h at 900°C (under air) for electrical conductivity measurements; detd. by XRD;	100%

Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + 5-bromosalicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (94794-28-2, 16434-32-5) + water (7732-18-5) → Li[Fe(III)(5-bromosalicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone)2]*H2O

Conditions	Yield
In water LiOH and ligand were mixed at 100°C, soln. of Fe salt was added to refluxing mixt., stirring for 30 min; soln. was cooled to room temp. overnight, ppt. was filtered off, washed with water, dried in vac. first at room temp., then at 50°C overnight; elem. anal.;	100%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + tricarbonyl[tris(2-isocyanosuccinate methyl ester)]Mo(0) → tricarbonyl[tris(lithium 2-isocyanosuccinate)]Mo(0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃;	100%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + potassium benzophenone-2-yltrifluoroborate → benzophenon-2-ylboronic acid

Conditions	Yield
In water; acetonitrile at 22℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;	100%

ferrocenecarboxylic acid (1271-42-7) + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) → lithium ferrocenoate

Conditions	Yield
In water all manipulations under inert atm.; excess of complex suspended in waterand treated with hydroxide, stirred for 15 min; filtered, washed with water, filtrate evapd. to dryness;	99%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + Et3NH[Ni4(diacetylmonoxime(1-))4(ethanolamine)2(ethanolamine(1-))2](ClO4)3 → [Ni(2-(2-hydroxymethyl)amino-3-oximobutane(1-))3(μ3-O)]ClO4 (1246204-92-1)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol (under aerobic conditions); Ni-complex refluxed with LiOH*H2O in MeOH;	99%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + benzo[ghi]perylene 1,2,4,5,10,11-hexacarboxylic trianhydride (1321624-12-7) → benzoperylrene-1,2,4,5,10,11-hexacarboxylic acid hexa-lithium salt

Conditions	Yield
In methanol at 80℃; for 24h;	99%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + boric acid (11113-50-1) + oxalic acid dihydrate (6153-56-6) → lithium bis(oxalato)borate

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) mixed in stoich. ratio, heated at 60 °C for 2 h, pressed; dried at 120 °C for 7 h, at 150 °C for 16 h;	97%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + copper(II) nitrate dihydrate + ethanol (64-17-5) + water (7732-18-5) + 1‐ethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐(nitroacetyl)quinolin‐2‐(1H)‐one → C15H22CuN2O9*0.5H2O

Conditions	Yield
for 15h; Heating;	96%

manganese(IV) oxide (1313-13-9) + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + lithium nitrate → lithium manganate

Conditions	Yield
In melt mixing of LiOH*H2O, LiNO3 and MnO2 by grinding in a mortar, heating at 280°C for 12 h in air, cooling to room temp.; washing with distd. water, centrifuging, drying at 80°C under vac.;	95%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ammonium salt (114601-77-3) → bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide lithium salt

Conditions	Yield
at -5℃; for 0.5h; Temperature;	95%
In isopropyl alcohol at 20℃; for 7h; Solvent;	91%
In water at 20℃; for 1.5h; Inert atmosphere;	89%
In Isopropyl acetate at 31 - 35℃; under 65.0315 Torr; for 4h; Temperature; Solvent; Pressure; Reflux;	114.8 g

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + ethyl 2,2-bis(3,5-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetate (1414813-93-6) → 2,2-bis(3,5-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃;	94%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + methyl 4-(3-methylbutan-2-yl)benzoate → 4-(3-methylbutan-2-yl)benzoic acid

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran; methanol; water at 20℃; for 3h;	94%

gallium(III) oxide + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + hydrated silica → δ-eucryptite (15652-24-1)

Conditions	Yield
In water lithium hydroxide slurried in a small amt. of water, gallia added; mixt. stirred at ca. 40°C (40 min); addn. of silica; boiling, evapn. to dryness; residue dried at 120°C (2 h); addn. of water, heating at 180°C (4-5 d); filtration, washing, drying; elem. anal.;	92%

gallium(III) oxide + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + hydrated silica → LiGaSiO4*H2O (57565-11-4)

Conditions	Yield
In water lithium hydroxide slurried in a small amt. of water, gallia added; mixt. stirred at ca. 40°C (40 min); addn. of silica; boiling, evapn. to dryness; residue dried at 120°C (2 h); addn. of water, heating at 180°C (6 d); filtration, washing, drying; elem. anal.;	92%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + [7,8,12,13-tetraethyl-2,18-bis(methoxycarbonylethyl)-3,17dimethylcorrolato]manganese(III) semihydrate → [7,8,12,13-tetraethyl-2,18-dipropionyl-3,17dimethylcorrolato]manganese(III)

Conditions	Yield
With CH3COOH In tetrahydrofuran; water under N2; soln. of Mn compd. in THF treated with aq. soln. of LiOH (1:10molar ratio), mixt. stirred for 25 h, Et2O and water added, phases sepd ., glacial acetic acid added dropwise to aq. soln.; ppt. sepd., washed with water; elem. anal.;	92%

lead(II) nitrate + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) → 16Pb(2+)*16NO3(1-)*16HO(1-)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 200℃; for 72h;	92%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + tin(IV) chloride (7646-78-8) → lithium hexahydroxostannate(IV) dihydrat

Conditions	Yield
In water heating (80°C), pptn.; filtn., washing (H2O, EtOH), drying (air atm.);	91.2%

cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + ethanol (64-17-5) + 1-(5-acetyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-ethanone (2161-85-5) + water (7732-18-5) + acetylacetone (123-54-6) → [(HL)2Co2(acetylacetone)2]*1.5H2O

Conditions	Yield
for 7h; Reflux;	90%

borax + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) → Li2Na[B5O8(OH)2]

Conditions	Yield
With strontium(II) hydroxide octahydrate; potassium hydroxide In water at 180℃; for 24h; High pressure; Autoclave;	90%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + ethanol (64-17-5) + 1-(5-acetyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-ethanone (2161-85-5) + water (7732-18-5) + copper(II) sulfate (7758-99-8) → [(H2L)Cu2(SO4)2(H2O)6]*4H2O

Conditions	Yield
for 7h; Reflux;	89%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + L-Tartaric acid (87-69-4) + bis{tris(1,2-ethanediamine)iridium(III) chloride} lithium chloride, hexahydrate → Li(1+)*{Ir(NH2(CH2)2NH2)3}(3+)*2((COOCHOH)2)(2-)*3H2O=Li{Ir(NH2(CH2)2NH2)3}((COOCHOH)2)2*3H2O + {Ir(NH2(CH2)2NH2)3}(3+)*3Cl(1-)={Ir(NH2(CH2)2NH2)3}Cl3

Conditions	Yield
In ethanol; water the components were dissolved in boiling water, after cooling EtOH was added and the solution was reheated to boiling, allowed to stand for one day at room temp. with occasional shaking; filtrated, washed with 96% EtOH, dried in air, recrystd. from H2O/ethanol; elem. anal., crude (+)-Ir(en)3Cl3 was sepd. by evapn., dissoln. in 12 M HCl, pptn. by ethanol, 1 h, heating at 160°C;	A 87% B n/a

bis(acetylacetonate)nickel(II) + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + meso-tris(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-mono-ortho-carbomethoxyphenylporphyrin → (((CH3)3C)2C6H3)3C27H11N4ONi (437653-43-5)

Conditions

Yield

With (COCl)2; SnCl4 In benzene Ni compd. added to toluene soln. of porphyrin; 24 h at 100°C; evapd.; chromd. (slica gel, CH2Cl2); LiOH*H2O and water added to dioxane soln.; refluxed (24 h); evapd.; toluene added; evapd.; chromd. (silica gel, CH2Cl2-hexane, CH2Cl2-AcOH); evapd.; benzene and (COCl)2 added; stirred (room temp., 2 h); solvent distd.; SnCl4 added; 1 h at room temp.; CH2Cl2 added; aq. NaOH added; org. phase washed (water); dried (Na2SO4); evapd.; chromd.(silica gel, hexane-CH2Cl2); crystd. (CH2Cl2-MeOH); elem. anal.;

87%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + europium(III) chloride hexahydrate + N,N'-ethylenebis(L-aspartic acid) tetramethyl ester (185514-39-0) → Li(Eu(N,N'-ethylenebis(L-aspartate)))*5H2O

Conditions	Yield
In water aq. LiOH added to a soln. of the ligand in MeOH; stirred overnight untilcomplete hydrolysis (checked by TLC) and evapd.; residue dissolved in a small amt. of water, and aq. soln. of Eu salt added; left to stand for 8 h; ppt. removed by filtration; filtrate evapd.; residue purified by repptn.in H2O-EtOH and gel filtration; elem. anal.;	87%

molybdic acid + lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) → lithium molybdate (13568-40-6)

Conditions	Yield
In water H2MoO4*H2O (1 mmol) added to aq. soln. of LiOH*H2O (2 mmol), stirred for20 min; filtered, allowed to stant (air) at room temp. for 1 week;	87%

lithium hydroxide monohydrate (1310-66-3) + ethanol (64-17-5) + 1-(5-acetyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-ethanone (2161-85-5) + water (7732-18-5) + copper diacetate (142-71-2) + acetylacetone (123-54-6) → [(HL)2Cu2(acetylacetone)2]*2.5H2O

Conditions	Yield
for 7h; Reflux;	87%

Upstream product

• 7732-18-5 water 
• 1310-65-2 lithium hydroxide 
• 554-13-2 lithium carbonate 
• 109-72-8 n-butyllithium 
• 80937-33-3 oxygen 

Downstream Products

• 860344-19-0 lithium 4-{2-[1(S)-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl}benzoate hydrochloride 
• 860344-31-6 4-[2-(S)-(1-dimethylamino-ethyl)-thiazol-5-yl]-benzoic acid lithium salt 
• 860344-35-0 4-[2-(1-dimethylamino-2-methoxy-ethyl)-thiazol-4-yl]-benzoic acid lithium salt 
• 860344-38-3 4-[2-(4-fluoro-1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-thiazol-4-yl]-benzoic acid lithium salt 
• 915770-80-8 3-{[2-fluoro-1-(fluoromethyl)ethyl]oxy}-5-[(phenylmethyl)oxy]benzoic acid 
• 1313-99-1 nickel(II) oxide 
• 554-13-2 lithium carbonate 
• 13568-40-6 lithium molybdate 
• 437653-43-5 (((CH₃)3C)2C₆H₃)3C₂₇H₁₁N₄ONi 
• 1013318-07-4 (2S,3'S)-2-{4-[3-hydroxythiolan-(Z)-2-ylidenemethyl]phenyl}propionic acid lithium salt 

Relevant articles and documents

Preparation of high-purity lithium hydroxide monohydrate from technical-grade lithium carbonate by membrane electrolysis

A scheme for preparing high-purity lithium hydroxide monohydrate from technical-grade lithium carbonate is suggested.

Scalable integration of Li5FeO4 towards robust, high-performance Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors have attracted great interest due to their high specific energy relative to conventional electrical double-layer capacitors. Nevertheless, the safety issue still remains a drawback for lithium-ion capacitors in practical operational environments because of the use of metallic lithium. Herein, single-phase Li5FeO4 with an antifluorite structure that acts as an alternative lithium source (instead of metallic lithium) is employed and its potential use for lithium-ion capacitors is verified. Abundant Li+ amounts can be extracted from Li5FeO4 incorporated in the positive electrode and efficiently doped into the negative electrode during the first electrochemical charging. After the first Li+ extraction, Li+ does not return to the Li5FeO4 host structure and is steadily involved in the electrochemical reactions of the negative electrode during subsequent cycling. Various electrochemical and structural analyses support its superior characteristics for use as a promising lithium source. This versatile approach can yield a sufficient Li+-doping efficiency of >90% and improved safety as a result of the removal of metallic lithium from the cell.

The effect of 3D carbon nanoadditives on lithium hydroxide monohydrate based composite materials for highly efficient low temperature thermochemical heat storage

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate based thermochemical heat storage materials were modified with in situ formed 3D-nickel-carbon nanotubes (Ni-CNTs). The nanoscale (5-15 nm) LiOH·H2O particles were well dispersed in the composite formed with Ni-CNTs. These composite materials exhibited improved heat storage capacity, thermal conductivity, and hydration rate owing to hydrogen bonding between H2O and hydrophilic groups on the surface of Ni-CNTs, as concluded from combined results of in situ DRIFT spectroscopy and heat storage performance test. The introduction of 3D-carbon nanomaterials leads to a considerable decrease in the activation energy for the thermochemical reaction process. This phenomenon is probably due to Ni-CNTs providing an efficient hydrophilic reaction interface and exhibiting a surface effect on the hydration reaction. Among the thermochemical materials, Ni-CNTs-LiOH·H2O-1 showed the lowest activation energy (23.3 kJ mol-1), the highest thermal conductivity (3.78 W m-1 K-1) and the highest heat storage density (3935 kJ kg-1), which is 5.9 times higher than that of pure lithium hydroxide after the same hydration time. The heat storage density and the thermal conductivity of Ni-CNTs-LiOH·H2O are much higher than 1D MWCNTs and 2D graphene oxide modified LiOH·H2O. The selection of 3D carbon nanoadditives that formed part of the chemical heat storage materials is a very efficient way to enhance comprehensive performance of heat storage activity components.

Anti-Perovskite Li-Battery Cathode Materials

Through single-step solid-state reactions, a series of novel bichalcogenides with the general composition (Li2Fe)ChO (Ch = S, Se, Te) are successfully synthesized. (Li2Fe)ChO (Ch = S, Se) possess cubic anti-perovskite crystal structures, where Fe and Li are completely disordered on a common crystallographic site (3c). According to Goldschmidt calculations, Li+ and Fe2+ are too small for their common atomic position and exhibit large thermal displacements in the crystal structure models, implying high cation mobility. Both compounds (Li2Fe)ChO (Ch = S, Se) were tested as cathode materials against graphite anodes (single cells); They perform outstandingly at very high charge rates (270 mA g-1, 80 cycles) and, at a charge rate of 30 mA g-1, exhibit charge capacities of about 120 mA h g-1. Compared to highly optimized Li1-xCoO2 cathode materials, these novel anti-perovskites are easily produced at cost reductions by up to 95% and, yet, possess a relative specific charge capacity of 75%. Moreover, these iron-based anti-perovskites are comparatively friendly to the environment and (Li2Fe)ChO (Ch = S, Se) melt congruently; the latter is advantageous for manufacturing pure materials in large amounts.