141-97-9 Usage
Description
The organic compound ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is the ethyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is mainly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of compounds, such as amino acids, analgesics, antibiotics, antimalarial agents, antipyrine and amino pyrine, and vitamin B1; as well as the manufacture of dyes, inks, lacquers, perfumes, plastics, and yellow paint pigments. Alone, it is used as a flavoring for food.
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 141-97-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Ethyl acetoacetate has a characteristic ether-like, fruity, pleasant, refreshing odor.
2. Ethyl 3-Oxobutanoate is a colorless liquid with
a fruity, ethereal, sweet odor reminiscent of green apples. It is used to create fresh, fruity top notes in feminine fine fragrances. Ethyl acetoacetate occurs in flavors of
natural materials such as coffee, strawberries, and yellow passion fruits.
Occurrence
Naturally occurring in strawberry, coffee, sherry, passion fruit juice (yellow), babaco fruit (Carica pentagona
Heilborn) and bread.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 141-97-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is used as starting material for the syntheses of alpha-substituted acetoacetic esters and cyclic compounds, e.g. pyrazole, pyrimidine and coumarin derivatives as well as intermediate for vitamins and pharmaceuticals. Product Data Sheet
2. Ethyl acetoacetate is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and as a co-promoter for unsaturated polyester resins. It is widely used in the production of dyes, inks, perfumes, plastics and flavoring agents. It is an important starting material for the syntheses of alpha-substituted acetoacetic esters and cyclic compounds like pyrazole, pyrimidine and coumarin derivatives. It acts as an intermediate in the synthesis of vitamins and pharmaceuticals. It finds application as a formaldehyde scavenger.
Definition
This compound is a tautomer at room temperature
consisting of about 93% keto form and 7% enol
form.
Production Methods
Ethyl acetoacetate is manufactured through a reaction of
high-purity ethyl acetate with sodium, followed by neutralization
with sulfuric acid.
Preparation
Ethyl acetoacetate is produced industrially by treatment of diketene with ethanol. The preparation of ethyl acetoacetate is a classic laboratory procedure . It is prepared via the Claisen condensation of ethyl acetate. Two moles of ethyl acetate condense to form one mole each of ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol.
Aroma threshold values
Detection: 520 ppb. Aroma characteristics at 10%: sweet fruity apple, fermented, slightly fusel-like and
rummy, fruity banana with tropical nuances.
Taste threshold values
Taste characteristics at 100 ppm: fruity banana, apple and white grape with slightly green estry and tropical
nuances.Taste characteristics at 300 ppm: estery, fatty, fruity and tutti-frutti
Synthesis Reference(s)
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 58, p. 793, 1993 DOI: 10.1021/jo00055a046
General Description
A colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 185°F. Boiling point 365°F. May cause adverse health effects if ingested or inhaled. May irritate to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used in organic synthesis and in lacquers and paints.
Air & Water Reactions
Flammable.
Reactivity Profile
Ethyl acetoacetate, a beta-keto ester, is more reactive than many esters. Undergoes an exothermic cleavage reaction in the presence of concentrated base. Reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Mixing with 2,2,2-tris(bromomethyl)ethanol and zinc led to an explosion [US Patent 3 578 619, Crotonaldehyde may rapidly polymerize with Ethyl acetoacetate (Soriano, D.S. et al. 1988. Journal of Chemical Education 65:637.).1971].
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation; irritant
to skin and eyes.
Health Hazard
Liquid may cause mild irritation of eyes.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Chemical Reactivity
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Reactivity of 141-97-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
2. Ethyl acetoacetate is subject to Keto - enol tautomerism. Ethyl acetoacetate is often used in the acetoacetic ester synthesis similar to diethyl malonate in the malonic ester synthesis or the Knoevenagel condensation. The protons alpha to carbonyl groups are acidic, and the resulting carbanion can undergo nucleophilic substitution. A subsequent thermal decarboxylation is also possible.Similar to the behavior of acetylacetone, the enolate of ethyl acetoacetate can also serve as a bidentate ligand. For example, it forms purple coordination complexes with iron (III) salts : Ethyl acetoacetate can also be reduced to ethyl 3-hydroxy butyrate.
Safety Profile
eye irritant.
Combustible liquid when exposed to heat
or flame; can react with oxidzing materials.
Explosive reaction when heated with Zn +
tribromoneopentyl alcohol or 2,2,2
tris(bromomethy1)ethanol. To fight fire, use
alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When
heated to decomposition it emits acrid
smoke and irritating fumes. See also
ESTERS.
Synthesis
Ethyl acetoacetate is a mixture of two tautomer forms: the enolic and the ketonic; the liquid ester at equilibrium contains
approximately 70% of the enolic form. It is prepared by Claisen condensation of ethyl acetate in the presence of sodium ethylate;
also by reacting diketene with ethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid or triethylamine and sodium acetate, with or without solvent.
Purification Methods
Shake the ester with small amounts of saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (until no further effervescence), then with water. Dry it with MgSO4 or CaCl2 and distil it under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 3 IV 1528.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 141-97-9 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,4 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 141-97:
(5*1)+(4*4)+(3*1)+(2*9)+(1*7)=49
49 % 10 = 9
So 141-97-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C6H10O3/c1-3-5(4(2)7)6(8)9/h5H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/p-1
141-97-9Relevant articles and documents
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Roberts,McElvain
, p. 2007 (1937)
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Cristol,Ragsdale,Meek
, p. 1863 (1949)
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McElvain
, p. 3124 (1929)
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Frampton,Nobis
, p. 404 (1953)
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Susuki,Tsuji
, p. 1954,1957 (1968)
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Dauben,Bradlow
, p. 5204 (1952)
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Wasserman,H.H.,Wentland,S.H.
, p. 1 - 2 (1970)
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Tanimoto et al.
, p. 665 (1978)
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Revisiting ageless antiques; synthesis, biological evaluation, docking simulation and mechanistic insights of 1,4-Dihydropyridines as anticancer agents
Sidhom, Peter A.,El-Bastawissy, Eman,Salama, Abeer A.,El-Moselhy, Tarek F.
supporting information, (2021/06/21)
The historic DHP nucleus was serendipitously discovered by Arthur Hantzsch about 130 years ago and is still considered a hidden treasure for various pharmacological activities. Twenty-one DHP analogues were synthesized using the expedient one pot Hantzsch synthesis for screening as anticancer agents. Initially, the in vitro anti-proliferative single dose against a panel of 18 cancer cell lines showed that compounds 11b and 8f were the superlative candidates regarding their antitumor effect (GI% mean = 66.40% and 50.42%, correspondingly) compared to cisplatin (GI% mean = 65.58%) and doxorubicin (GI% mean = 74.56%). Remarkably, compound 11b showed a remarkable MDA-MB-468 anticancer activity (GI%=80.81%), higher than cisplatin (64.44%) and doxorubicin (76.72%), as well as strong antitumor activity against lung cancer A549 (GI%= 83.02%), more powerful than both cisplatin and doxorubicin. Compound 11b exhibited an exceptional anticancer activity against lung cancer cell line (A549) as its GI50 in nanomolar was (540 nM) with a 9-fold increase greater than cisplatin (GI50 = 4.93 μM) and with a selectivity index = 131 to cancer cells over normal cells. Further mechanistic investigations proved that DHPs anticipate simultaneously TOPI and RTKs (VEGFR-2, HER-2 and BTK) which can stimulate BAX/BAK and the executioner caspases via rtPCR studies.
A straightforward synthesis of 5-sulfonamidomethyl substituted 4,7-dihydroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
Shvets, Elena H.,Pidvorotnia, Anastasiia V.,Kulyk, Olesia G.,Mazepa, Alexander V.,Kolosov, Maksim A.
, p. 114 - 122 (2020/10/02)
4,7-Dihydroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-ylmethanesulfonamides are side-products of the three-component Biginelli-like reaction of aminoazoles, aldehydes and N,N-dialkyl-2-ketomethanesulfonamides. Herein, we report a straightforward synthesis of 5-sulfonamidomethyl substituted 4,7-dihydroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines by a two-component condensation of aminoazoles and N,N-dialkyl(cinnamoyl)methanesulfonamides in DMF at reflux. The starting N,N-dialkyl-2-ketomethanesulfonamides can be obtained by either lithiation of N,N-dialkylmethanesulfonamides and reaction with aldehydes followed by oxidation of the resulting alcohols or by Claisen condensation of N,N-dialkylmethanesulfonamides with the corresponding esters. The chemical structures of all synthesized compounds are supported by 1H and 13C NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis.
