1577-96-4Relevant articles and documents
Control Mechanism for cis Double-Bond Formation by Polyunsaturated Fatty-Acid Synthases
Hayashi, Shohei,Satoh, Yasuharu,Ogasawara, Yasushi,Maruyama, Chitose,Hamano, Yoshimitsu,Ujihara, Tetsuro,Dairi, Tohru
, p. 2326 - 2330 (2019)
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) are essential fatty acids for humans. Some microorganisms biosynthesize these PUFAs through PUFA synthases composed of four subunits with multiple catalytic domains. These PUFA synthases each create a specific PUFA without undesirable byproducts, even though the multiple catalytic domains in each large subunit are very similar. However, the detailed biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms for controlling final-product profiles are still obscure. In this study, the FabA-type dehydratase domain (DHFabA) in the C-subunit and the polyketide synthase-type dehydratase domain (DHPKS) in the B-subunit of ARA synthase were revealed to be essential for ARA biosynthesis by in vivo gene exchange assays. Furthermore, in vitro analysis with truncated recombinant enzymes and C4- to C8-acyl ACP substrates showed that ARA and EPA synthases utilized two types of DH domains, DHPKS and DHFabA, depending on the carbon-chain length, to introduce either saturation or cis double bonds to growing acyl chains.
Cross coupling reactions of organozinc iodides with solid-supported electrophiles: Synthesis of 4-substituted benzoic and 3-substituted (E)- and (Z)-propenoic acids and amides
Oates, Leslie J.,Jackson, Richard F.W.,Block, Michael H.
, p. 140 - 144 (2007/10/03)
The solid-supported iodobenzoic acid derivatives 8-10 were coupled with a range of organozinc reagents 1-4 under palladium(o) catalysis. The coupled products released by acidic cleavage with TFA were obtained in high purities after recrystallization. Anal
Studies on the Metabolism of Unsaturated Fatty Acids. V. Isomerization of Thiol Esters of cis-2-Alkenoic Acids during Their Preparation and Alkaline Hydrolysis
Mizugaki, Michinao,Ito, Yoko,Hoshino, Toshiaki,Shiraishi, Takayuki,Yamanaka, Hiroshi
, p. 206 - 213 (2007/10/02)
N-Acetylcysteamine and coenzyme A esters of cis-2-alkenoic acids have been found to undergo isomerization to the corresponding trans-isomers during their preparation by the mixed anhydride method and also during their alkaline hydrolysis.The isomerization might proceed by interaction of the free thiol group and the cis-double bond of 2-alkenoic thiol esters.The use of pyridine as a base and three or more equivalents of the mixed anhydride to the thiol compound prevented the formation of the trans-isomer.Addition of hydrogen peroxide during alkaline hydrolisys also prevented the isomerization completely.