21623-78-9Relevant articles and documents
Nickel catalysed coupling of allylamines and boronic acid
Trost, Barry M.,Spagnol, Michel D.
, p. 2083 - 2096 (2007/10/02)
Allylamines function as substrates for cross-coupling with boronic acids in the presence of nickel(0) catalysts rather than palladium(0) catalysts.Aryl-, vinyl- and methyl-boronic acids function well.With vinyl derivatives, E-isomers couple more efficiently than Z-isomer and both fully retain the geometrical integrity.Methylations preferably employ the boronic esters like 2-methyl-1,3,2-benzodioxaborole or 2-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane rather than methylboronic acid.The stereochemistry of the reaction involves a net inversion with respect to the allylamine.The regioselectivity is a function of ligand.Generally, sterically bulky donor phosphines promote new C-C bond formation at the less substituted position.Bidentate ligands, notably 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-ylbis(diphenylphosphinite) (BINAPO), promote new C-C bond formation at the more substituted allyl terminus.The amines appear to be the preferred partner compared to allyl alcohols and esters with the boronic acids and give higher stereospecificity.
Ring-opening of Some Radicals containing the Cyclopropylmethyl System
Beckwith, Athelstan L. J.,Moad, Graeme
, p. 1473 - 1482 (2007/10/02)
Mono- and bi-cyclic radicals containing the cyclopropylmethyl system are readily generated by interaction of the appropriate halides with triphenyl- or tributyl-stannane.Each radical studied underwent ring-opening by fission of the more substituted βγ-bond.In the case of the secondary radical (12b) the new double bond was formed preferentially in the trans-configuration.Rate constants, which cannot be determined with high accuracy by this method, lie in the range 1E7-3E8 s-1 at 25 deg C.When generated by the flow method in the e.s.r. cavity α-hydroxycyclopropylmethyl radicals undergo β-fission followed by 1,5-hydrogen atom t ransfer to afford enoxyl radicals.The latter reaction occurs more slowly in water than in non-polar solvents.The rigid hydroxynortricyclyl (43) undergoes preferential fission of the less substituted βγ-bond, possibly because of the dipolar nature of the transition state.