4075-14-3

Basic information

• Product Name: 2-ALPHA-HYDROXYTESTOSTERONE
• Synonyms: 2-ALPHA-HYDROXYTESTOSTERONE;4-ANDROSTENE-2ALPHA,17BETA-DIOL-3-ONE;4-ANDROSTEN-2-ALPHA, 17-BETA-DIOL-3-ONE;2A hydroxytestosterone--dea schedule*iii item;2α-hydroxytestosterone;4-androstene-2α,17β-diol-3-one;2α,17β-Dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one;(2R,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-2,17-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
• CAS NO: 4075-14-3
• Molecular Formula: C₁₉H₂₈O₃
• Molecular Weight: 304.42
• Product Categories: Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Metabolites & Impurities;Pharmaceuticals;Steroids
• Mol File: 4075-14-3.mol
• Article Data: 12

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 161-162 °C(Solv: acetone (67-64-1); hexane (110-54-3))
• Boiling Point: 476.2°C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 255.9°C
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.19g/cm³
• Vapor Pressure: 4.56E-11mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.578
• PKA: 12.66±0.70(Predicted)
• CAS DataBase Reference: 2-ALPHA-HYDROXYTESTOSTERONE(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-ALPHA-HYDROXYTESTOSTERONE(4075-14-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 2-ALPHA-HYDROXYTESTOSTERONE(4075-14-3)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xn
• Statements: 20/21/22-40-63
• Safety Statements: 22-36
• WGK Germany: 3
• Hazardous Substances Data: 4075-14-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

White Solid

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 4075-14-3 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. A metabolite of Testosterone (T155000) in human. Controlled substance.
2. A metabolite of Testosterone (T) (T155000) in human. Controlled substance.

InChI:InChI=1/C19H28O3/c1-18-8-7-14-12(13(18)5-6-17(18)22)4-3-11-9-15(20)16(21)10-19(11,14)2/h9,12-14,16-17,21-22H,3-8,10H2,1-2H3/t12-,13-,14-,16+,17-,18-,19-/m0/s1

Upstream product

• 33745-96-9 2β-acetoxy-17β-hydroxy-androst-4-en-3-one 
• 58-22-0 testosterone 
• 1045-69-8 testosterone acetate 
• 17597-25-0 17β-hydroxy-4α,5-epoxy-5α-androstan-3-one 
• 57711-43-0 17β-<(t-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy>androst-4-en-3-one 
• 135359-60-3 2α-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-on-17β-silyl ether 
• 2189-83-5 17β-hydroxy-4β,5-epoxy-5β-androstan-3-one 
• 21936-08-3 2α,17β-Diacetoxyandrost-4-en-3-one 
• 50633-66-4 2β-Acetoxyandrostenedione 
• 1458-93-1 6β-bromotestosterone acetate 
• 135359-61-4 2β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-on-17β-silyl ether 
• 1156-92-9 4-androstenediol 
• 31045-19-9 2β-acetoxy-17β-chloroacetoxyandrost-4-en-3-one 
• 21936-10-7 2β,17β-Diacetoxy-androst-4-en-3-on 

Relevant articles and documents

Characterization of two steroid hydroxylases from different Streptomyces spp. and their ligand-bound and -unbound crystal structures

Bacterial cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are involved in the hydroxylation of various endogenous substrates while using a heme molecule as a cofactor. CYPs have gained biotechnological interest as useful biocatalysts capable of altering chemical structures by adding a hydroxyl group in a regiospecific manner. Here, we identified, purified, and characterized two CYP154C4 proteins from Streptomyces sp. W2061 (StCYP154C4-1) and Streptomyces sp. ATCC 11861 (StCYP154C4-2). Activity assays showed that both StCYP154C4-1 and StCYP154C4-2 can produce 2′-hydroxylated testosterone, which differs from the activity of a previously described NfCYP154C5 from Nocardia farcinica in terms of its 16α-hydroxylation of testosterone. To better understand the molecular basis of the regioselectivity of these two CYP154C4 proteins, crystal structures of the ligand-unbound form of StCYP154C4-1 and the testosterone-bound form of StCYP154C4-2 were determined. Comparison with the previously determined NfCYP154C5 structure revealed differences in the substrate-binding residues, suggesting a likely explanation for the different patterns of testosterone hydroxylation, despite the high sequence similarities between the enzymes (54% identity). These findings provide valuable insights that will enable protein engineering for the development of artificial steroid-related CYPs exhibiting different regiospecificity.

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Drug Oxidation by Cytochrome P450BM3: Metabolite Synthesis and Discovering New P450 Reaction Types

There is intense interest in late-stage catalytic C-H bond functionalization as an integral part of synthesis. Effective catalysts must have a broad substrate range and tolerate diverse functional groups. Drug molecules provide a good test of these attributes of a catalyst. A library of P450BM3 mutants developed from four base mutants with high activity for hydrocarbon oxidation produced human metabolites of a panel of drugs that included neutral (chlorzoxazone, testosterone), cationic (amitriptyline, lidocaine) and anionic (diclofenac, naproxen) compounds. No single mutant was active for all the tested drugs but multiple variants in the library showed high activity with each compound. The high conversions enabled full product characterization that led to the discovery of the new P450 reaction type of oxidative decarboxylation of an α-hydroxy carboxylic acid and the formation a protected imine from an amine, offering a novel route to α-functionalization of amines. The substrate range and varied product profiles suggest that this library of enzymes is a good basis for developing late-stage C-H activation catalysts.

Cytochrome P450 metabolic activities in the small intestine of cynomolgus macaques bred in cambodia, china, and indonesia

Summary: Cynomolgus macaques, used in drug metabolism studies due to their evolutionary closeness to humans, are mainly bred in Asian countries, including Cambodia, China, and Indonesia. Cytochromes P450 (P450s) are important drug-metabolizing enzymes, present in the liver and small intestine, major drug metabolizing organs. Previously, our investigation did not find statistically significant differences in hepatic P450 metabolic activities measured in cynomolgus macaques bred in Cambodia (MacfaCAM) and China (MacfaCHN). In the present study, P450 metabolic activity was investigated in the small intestine of MacfaCAM and MacfaCHN, and cynomolgus macaques bred in Indonesia (MacfaIDN) using P450 substrates, including 7-ethoxyresorufin, coumarin, bupropion, paclitaxel, diclofenac, S-mephenytoin, bufuralol, chlorzoxazone, and testosterone. The results indicated that P450 metabolic activity of the small intestine was not statistically significantly different (2.0-fold) in MacfaCAM, MacfaCHN, and MacfaIDN. In addition, statistically significant sex differences were not observed (2.0-fold) in any P450 metabolic activity in MacfaCAM as supported by mRNA expression results. These results suggest that P450 metabolic activity of the small intestine does not significantly differ statistically among MacfaCAM, MacfaCHN, and MacfaIDN.