471-47-6Relevant articles and documents
Electrochemical oxidation of amoxicillin on carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube supported metal modified electrodes
Ferreira, Marta,Kuzniarska-Biernacka, Iwona,Fonseca, António M.,Neves, Isabel C.,Soares, Olívia S.G.P.,Pereira, Manuel F.R.,Figueiredo, José L.,Parpot, Pier
, p. 322 - 331 (2019/07/10)
The electrolysis of amoxicillin (AMX) was carried out on CNT, Pt/CNT and Ru/CNT modified electrodes based on Carbon Toray in 0.1 M NaOH, 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M Na2CO3/NaHCO3 buffer (pH 10) media with the aim of studying the significance of two factors, electrode material and pH, on the oxidative degradation and mineralization of AMX. For this purpose, the electrolysis products were identified by HPLC-MS and GC–MS, and quantified by HPLC-UV-RID and IC. The highest carbon mineralization efficiency, corresponding to 30% of the oxidized AMX, was found for Pt/CNT modified electrode in carbonate buffer medium. Regarding to the AMX conversion, the results show that the effect of pH is higher than that of the electrode material. Principal component analysis allowed to determine the experimental parameters vs. product distribution relationship and to elucidate the oxidation pathways for the studied electrodes. The results show that the hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and the nitrogen atom play an important role on the efficient degradation of AMX.
Metal-, Photocatalyst-, and Light-Free Direct C-H Acylation and Carbamoylation of Heterocycles
Westwood, Matthew T.,Lamb, Claire J. C.,Sutherland, Daniel R.,Lee, Ai-Lan
supporting information, p. 7119 - 7123 (2019/09/03)
Direct C-H acylations and carbamoylations of heterocycles can now be readily achieved without requiring any conventional metal, photocatalyst, electrocatalysis, or light activation, thus significantly improving on sustainability, costs, toxicity, waste, and simplicity of the operational procedure. These mild conditions are also suitable for gram-scale reactions and late-stage functionalizations of complex molecules, including pharmaceuticals, N,N-ligands, and light-sensitive molecules.
Degradation of a veterinary pharmaceutical product in water by electro-oxidation using a BDD anode
Espinoza, C.,Contreras, N.,Berros, C.,Salazar, R.
, p. 2507 - 2511 (2015/02/05)
The electrochemical oxidation (EO) treatment in water of Fantetra, a veterinary drug widely used in Chile, and its components: oxytetracycline hydrochloride, phtalylsulfathiazole and diphenhydramine, has been carried out at constant current using a BDD/Stainless steel system. First, solutions of each drug were electrolyzed following the decay of the absorbance of each compound and total organic carbon abatement. The mineralization of the Fantetra commercial formulation was also studied. An analysis of the degradation by-products was made by high performance liquid chromatography. Thus, during the degradation of each pharmaceutical by the electrochemical oxidation process, aliphatic carboxylic acids were detected prior to their complete mineralization to CO2 and nitrogen ions, while NO3- and NH4+ remain in the treated solution. This is an essential preliminary step towards the applicability of the EO processes for the treatment of wastewater containing pharmaceutical compounds.
