528-29-0

Basic information

• Product Name: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene
• Synonyms: 1,2-dinitro-benzen;1,2-Dinitrobenzol;Benzene, o-dinitro-;benzene,1,2-dinitro-;Benzene,1,2-dinitro-(9CI);1,2-DNB;1-Nitro-2-nitrobenzene;1,2- twoof nitrobenzene
• CAS NO: 528-29-0
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₄N₂O₄
• Molecular Weight: 168.11
• EINECS: 208-431-8
• Product Categories: Alpha Sort;Analytical Standards;AromaticsVolatiles/ Semivolatiles;Chemical Class;D;DAlphabetic;DID - DINAnalytical Standards;Miscellaneous;Nitro Compounds;Nitrogen Compounds;Organic Building Blocks;Food&Beverage;Reagents for analysis of carbohydrates;Reagents for Food Analysis
• Mol File: 528-29-0.mol
• Article Data: 47

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 116 °C
• Boiling Point: 319 °C773 mm Hg(lit.)
• Flash Point: 150 °C
• Appearance: light yellow-brown powder
• Density: 1.57
• Refractive Index: 1.5650
• Solubility: chloroform: soluble5%, clear, yellow-green
• Water Solubility: 150 mg/L (20 ºC)
• Merck: 14,3273
• BRN: 642224
• CAS DataBase Reference: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene(528-29-0)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene(528-29-0)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T+,N
• Statements: 26/27/28-33-50/53
• Safety Statements: 28-36/37-45-60-61-28A
• RIDADR: UN 3443 6.1/PG 2
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: CZ7450000
• HazardClass: 6.1(a)
• PackingGroup: II
• Hazardous Substances Data: 528-29-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

light yellow-brown powder

Uses

1,2-Dinitrobenzene was used as internal standard for analysis of the explosives, TNT, RDX, and tetryl in sea water by vapor phase chromatography with the nickel-63 electron capture detector.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 21, p. 1065, 1956 DOI: 10.1021/jo01116a003

General Description

Colorless to yellow solid. Sinks and slowly mixes with water.

Health Hazard

INHALATION, INGESTION, OR SKIN ABSORPTION: Headache, vertigo and vomiting followed by exhaustion, numbness of the legs, staggering and collapse. Intense methemoglobinenia may lead to asphyxia severe enough to injure the CNS. EYES: Irritation. SKIN: Stains skin yellow.

Safety Profile

Suspected carcinogen. Poison by inhalation and ingestion. Moderately toxic by sktn contact. Can cause liver, kidney, and central nervous system injury. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials. A severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat or flame. It is used in bursting charges and to fiu artillery shells. Mixtures with nitric acid are highly explosive. To fight fire, use water, Co2, dry chemical. Dangerous; when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NO, and explodes. See also mand pDINITROBENZENE and NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.

Environmental fate

Biological. Under anaerobic and aerobic conditions using a sewage inoculum, 1,2-dinitrobenzene degraded to nitroaniline (Hallas and Alexander, 1983). Photolytic. Low et al. (1991) reported that the nitro-containing compounds (e.g., 2,4- dinitrophenol) undergo degradation by UV light in the presence of titanium dioxide yielding ammonium, carbonate, and nitrate ions. By analogy, 1,2-dinitrobenzene should degrade forming identical ions. Chemical/Physical. Releases toxic nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987). 1,2-Dinitrobenzene will not hydrolyze in water (Kollig, 1993).

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from EtOH. [Beilstein 5 IV 738.]

InChI:InChI=1/C6H4N2O4/c9-7(10)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(11)12/h1-4H

Synthetic route

nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → meta-dinitrobenzene (99-65-0) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With nitric acid at 50℃; for 3h;	A 90.2% B 8.8%
With nitric acid; sulfuric acid; sulfur trioxide In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 1.3h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given;
With sulfuric acid; uronium nitrate at 25℃; for 24h;

2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; acetic acid; tetra-n-propylammonium bromate for 1.25h; Heating;	88%
With sodium perborate In acetic acid at 50 - 55℃;	76%
With sodium perborate In acetic acid at 50 - 60℃; for 2h;	76%

1,2-diamino-benzene (95-54-5) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With water; fluorine In chloroform; acetonitrile at -15℃; for 0.0333333h;	85%
With 3,3-dimethyldioxirane Yield given;

4-(dimethylamino)benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (24564-52-1) + dipotassium salt of o-dinitrobenzene dianion → N,N-dimethyl-aniline (121-69-7) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + N,N-dimethyl-4-[(2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]aniline (3010-38-6)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h;	A 60% B 83% C 13%
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h; Product distribution; also in MeCN;	A 60% B 83% C 13%
at -30℃; Mechanism; Product distribution; effect of solvents and 18-crown-6- additive;

4-(dimethylamino)benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (24564-52-1) + C6H4N2O4(1-)*K(1+) → N,N-dimethyl-aniline (121-69-7) + 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-4'-N,N-dimethylaminoazobenzene (119525-59-6) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h;	A 13% B 46% C 71%

4-(dimethylamino)benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (24564-52-1) + potassium salt of the o-dinitrobenzene anion radical → N,N-dimethyl-aniline (121-69-7) + 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-4'-N,N-dimethylaminoazobenzene (119525-59-6) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h; Product distribution; also in DMSO and in the presence of 18-crown-6;	A 13% B 46% C 71%

4-methoxybenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (459-64-3) + potassium salt of the o-dinitrobenzene anion radical → methoxybenzene (100-66-3) + 4-methoxy-3'-(2''-nitrobenzene-α-azoxy)-4'-hydroxyazobenzene (120124-71-2) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h; Product distribution; also in DMSO and in the presence of 18-crown-6;	A 20% B 42% C 65%

4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (456-27-9) + C6H4N2O4(1-)*K(1+) → 3,4'-dinitro-4-hydroxyazobenzene (88210-30-4) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h;	A 58% B n/a C 63%

4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (456-27-9) + potassium salt of the o-dinitrobenzene anion radical → 3,4'-dinitro-4-hydroxyazobenzene (88210-30-4) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran at -30℃; for 1h; Product distribution; also in DMSO and in the presence of 18-crown-6;	A 58% B 27% C 63%

copper(I) cyanide (544-92-3) + 2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4) → nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + o-nitrobenzonitrile (612-24-8) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + 2-hydroxynitrobenzene (88-75-5)

Conditions	Yield
With tert.-butylnitrite In dimethyl sulfoxide at 60℃; for 1.5h;	A 16% B 38% C 8% D 6%

dimethylsulfone (67-71-0) + 2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4) → methyl-(2-nitro-phenyl)-sulfoxide (132016-28-5, 139562-08-6, 19199-94-1) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + 2-hydroxynitrobenzene (88-75-5)

Conditions	Yield
With tert.-butylnitrite; copper at 60℃; for 1.5h; Further byproducts given;	A 4% B 11% C 9% D 20%

2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4) → bis(2-nitrophenyl)amine (18264-71-6) + nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + 2-hydroxynitrobenzene (88-75-5)

Conditions	Yield
With tert.-butylnitrite; copper In dimethyl sulfoxide at 60℃; for 1.5h; Further byproducts given;	A n/a B 11% C 9% D 20%

benzofuroxan → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; dihydrogen peroxide Product distribution; other reagents, other substituted benzofuroxans, var.time and temp.;	13%

o-nitroacetanilide (552-32-9) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With dihydrogen peroxide; acetic acid

2,3-dinitroaniline (602-03-9) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With ethanol; mixture of gaseous nitrogen oxides

3,4-dinitroaniline (610-41-3) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With ethanol; mixture of gaseous nitrogen oxides
With tetrafluoroboric acid; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; sodium nitrite 1) water, 0 deg C, 2 h, 2) 20 deg C, 10 min; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

triphenylbismuthane (603-33-8) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; nitric acid

benzene (71-43-2) → nitrobenzene (98-95-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
Thermodynamic data;

o-nitronitrosobenzene (612-29-3) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With nitric acid

ortho-nitrobenzoic acid (552-16-9) → 2,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (610-28-6) + 2,3-di-nitrobenzoic acid (15147-64-5) + 2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid (603-12-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid (610-30-0)

Conditions	Yield
With nitric acid; dinitrogen pentoxide at 25℃; Product distribution; addition of nitronium trifluoromethanesulphonate;

nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → meta-dinitrobenzene (99-65-0) + para-dinitrobenzene (100-25-4) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With nitronium hexafluorophosphate In nitromethane for 0.166667h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; var. nitrating agents, var. solv., var. temp., rel. rate of the nitration;	A 86.9 % Chromat. B 1.9 % Chromat. C 11.1 % Chromat.
With methanesulfonic acid; Nitrogen dioxide; ozone In dichloromethane at -10 - 0℃; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;
With Nitrogen dioxide; ozone; methanesulfonic acid In dichloromethane at -10 - 0℃; for 9h;	A 91 % Chromat. B 1 % Chromat. C 8 % Chromat.

nitrobenzene (98-95-3) → meta-dinitrobenzene (99-65-0) + para-dinitrobenzene (100-25-4) + 3-Chloronitrobenzene (121-73-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; sulfuric acid; nitric acid at 25℃; Product distribution;	A 96.4 % Chromat. B 1.0 % Chromat. C 1.2 % Chromat. D 1.3 % Chromat.

3,3-dimethyldioxirane (74087-85-7) + 2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 6h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; other primary amines;	65 % Chromat.
In acetone for 6h; Ambient temperature; protected from light;	65 % Chromat.

3,3-dimethyldioxirane (74087-85-7) + 1,2-diamino-benzene (95-54-5) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone for 6h; Ambient temperature;	85 % Chromat.

o-dinitrobenzene - pyrene charge transfer complex → pyrene (129-00-0) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
In chloroform at 24℃; Equilibrium constant;

2-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (365-33-3) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium nitrite In water at 25 - 29.9℃; Kinetics;

1,2-dinitrobenzene anion radical (528-29-0) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-thione radical cation In acetonitrile at 23℃; Kinetics; Oxidation;

2-nitro-benzenediazonium-(1)-hexanitrocobalate(III) → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With copper(I) oxide; water; sodium nitrite

2-nitro-benzenediazonium-(1)-tetrafluoroborate → 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
With water; copper; sodium nitrite at 20℃;

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → ortho-nitrofluorobenzene (1493-27-2)

Conditions	Yield
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran for 1.5h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran; water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 1h;	72%
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran Ambient temperature; Yield given;
With tetraphenylphosphonium hydrogendifluoride In sulfolane at 100℃; for 2h;	70 % Chromat.
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 1.5h; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;	97.4 %Chromat.

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 1,2-diamino-benzene (95-54-5)

Conditions	Yield
With palladium 10% on activated carbon; ammonium formate; silica gel In methanol for 1.5h; Milling;	99%
With sodium tetrahydroborate In water at 90℃;	99%
With hydrazine hydrate In ethanol at 20℃; for 4h; chemoselective reaction;	98%

diphenyl diselenide (1666-13-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(phenylseleno)nitrobenzene (65848-40-0)

Conditions	Yield
With borax; N-Acetylcysteine In methanol; water for 2h; Ambient temperature;	99%

ethyl 2-cyanoacetate (105-56-6) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → (+/-)-ethyl cyano(2-nitrophenyl)acetate (65548-02-9)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydride In dimethyl sulfoxide 1.) 10 min, 2.) 90 deg C, 0.5 h;	99%

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + 2-Aminophenyl disulfide (1141-88-4) → 2-(2-nitro)phenylthiophenylamine (19284-81-2)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2-Aminophenyl disulfide With ammonium hydroxide; L-Cysteine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 50℃; for 0.0166667h; pH=9; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 50℃; for 0.166667h;	99%

4-fluorobenzaldehyde (459-57-4) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzoimidazole (324-27-6)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	99%

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-nitro-aniline (88-74-4)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen at 20℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 1h;	98%
With hydrogen; 1-(2-benzimidazolyl)-C(CH3)=NH-NHCSNH2-Pd(II) In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 2h; atmospheric pressure;	95%
With triethylamine In water at 80℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Green chemistry; chemoselective reaction;	95%

diphenyldisulfane (882-33-7) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-nitrophenyl phenyl sulfide (4171-83-9)

Conditions	Yield
With borax; N-Acetylcysteine In methanol; water for 5h; Ambient temperature;	98%

benzaldehyde (100-52-7) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-phenyl-1H-benzoimidazole (716-79-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	98%
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave;	98%
With formic acid; Au/TiO2-R In water at 120℃; for 6h; Green chemistry; chemoselective reaction;	87%

thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (98-03-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(2-thienyl)-1H-benzimidazole (3878-18-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	98%

furfural (98-01-1) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → fuberidazole (3878-19-1)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	98%

4-Fluorophenol (371-41-5) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 3-[[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl][[3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl]methyl]amino]-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanol

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In hexane; dimethyl sulfoxide	97%

formic acid (64-18-6) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → benzoimidazole (51-17-2)

Conditions	Yield
With gold nano particles supported on rutile TiO2 In toluene at 70℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 6h; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;	97%
With palladium particles distributed over the surface of fibrous silica nanospheres modified via aminopropyltriethoxysilane In tetrahydrofuran at 70℃; for 3h;	96 %Chromat.

4-methyl-benzaldehyde (104-87-0) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(p-tolyl)-1H-benzimidazole (120-03-6)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	97%

2-methylphenyl aldehyde (529-20-4) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(2-methylphenyl)benzimidazole (2963-64-6)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	97%

4-chlorobenzaldehyde (104-88-1) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzimidazole (1019-85-8)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	97%

ethanol (64-17-5) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole (615-15-6)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium(IV) oxide for 4h; Irradiation;	96%
With oxalic acid; titanium(IV) oxide; β‐cyclodextrin In water for 5h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; Green chemistry;	88 %Chromat.

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 1,2,3-Benzotriazole (95-14-7)

Conditions	Yield
With zinc phthalocyanine; hydrazine hydrate In PEG-400 at 100℃; for 8h;	96%

t-butylaminomagnesium bromide + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 1-(t-butylazoxy)-2-(t-butylazo)benzene

Conditions	Yield
	95%

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + methylamine (74-89-5) → 2-nitro-N-methylaniline (612-28-2)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium permanganate at -7℃; for 0.166667h;	95%

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → ortho-difluorobenzene (367-11-3)

Conditions	Yield
With tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride In dimethyl sulfoxide at 25℃; for 0.166667h; Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation; Anhydrous conditions;	95%

para-thiocresol (106-45-6) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(4-methylphenylsulfanyl)nitrobenzene (20912-17-8)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium phosphate; 18-crown-6 ether In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 3h;	94%
In N,N-dimethyl acetamide electrolyse, catholyte N(Et)4ClO4;	66%

m-bromobenzoic aldehyde (3132-99-8) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(3-bromo-phenyl)-1H-benzoimidazole (77738-96-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene With methyl 3-amino-5-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetamido)benzoate; water at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: m-bromobenzoic aldehyde With oxygen at 60℃; for 12h;	94%

1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) + m-tolyl aldehyde (620-23-5) → 2-(m-tolyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (6528-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	94%

4-methoxy-benzaldehyde (123-11-5) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole (2620-81-7)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 70℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	94%

1-naphthaldehyde (66-77-3) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (2562-81-4)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 100℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Temperature; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	94%
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 100℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave;	94%

5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde (67-47-0) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → (5-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)furan-2-yl)methanol

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 130℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;	94%
With hydrogen In ethyl acetate at 130℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave;	94%

Trimethyl(methylthio)silane (3908-55-2) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → methyl 2-nitrophenyl sulfide (3058-47-7)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 1,2-Dinitrobenzene With caesium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide Stage #2: Trimethyl(methylthio)silane In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 16h;	93%

sodium thiophenolate (930-69-8) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-nitrophenyl phenyl sulfide (4171-83-9)

Conditions	Yield
In dimethyl sulfoxide for 48h; Ambient temperature;	92%

propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + 1,2-Dinitrobenzene (528-29-0) → 2-ethylbenzimidazole (1848-84-6)

Conditions	Yield
With titanium(IV) oxide for 4h; Irradiation;	92%

Upstream product

• 552-32-9 o-nitroacetanilide 
• 602-03-9 2,3-dinitroaniline 
• 610-41-3 3,4-dinitroaniline 
• 603-33-8 triphenylbismuthane 
• 71-43-2 benzene 
• 365-33-3 2-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate 
• 67-71-0 dimethylsulfone 
• 88-74-4 2-nitro-aniline 
• 544-92-3 copper(I) cyanide 
• 7664-93-9 sulfuric acid 
• 10091-78-8 4,4-dimethyl-cyclohepta-2,5-dienecarboxylic acid 
• 7697-37-2 nitric acid 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 119-66-4 2-nitrobenzenediazonium chloride 

Downstream Products

• 610-17-3 N,N-dimethyl-2-nitro-benzenamine 
• 15822-77-2 1-(2-nitrophenyl)piperidine 
• 55432-22-9 N-isobutyl-2-nitroaniline 
• 262-12-4 dioxin 
• 18264-71-6 bis(2-nitrophenyl)amine 
• 55432-58-1 2-nitro-N-propylbenzenamine 
• 10268-12-9 methyl 3-nitrophenylacetate 
• 55432-21-8 N-s-butyl-2-nitroaniline 
• 60115-45-9 S-(o-nitrophenyl)-L-cysteine 
• 100198-08-1 S-(2-nitrophenyl)glutathione 
• 89303-29-7 4-Benzenesulfonylmethyl-1,2-dinitro-benzene 
• 65848-40-0 2-(phenylseleno)nitrobenzene 
• 65000-89-7 Ethyl-(o-nitrophenyl)-phenylphosphinat 
• 87014-28-6 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-nitrobenzene 

Relevant articles and documents

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Mass production method of phenylenediamine from high purity dinitrobenzene

The present invention relates to a method for producing phenylenediamine using the high purity of dinitrobenzene, which may manufacture meta-phenylenediamine having a high yield since dinitrobenzene can be produced without aniline as a byproduct. Meta-phenylenediamine is manufactured based on a cost effective raw material by using a process as above without a separate purification process, thereby drastically reducing a manufacturing cost compared to an existing process. Therefore, stable reaction can be induced in a synthetic process, thereby easily and safely manufacturing meta-phenylenediamine.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2020

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF (PER) FLUOROPOLYETHERS WITH AROMATIC END GROUPS

The invention relates to a process which comprises the reaction of a (per)fluoropolyether peroxide with an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic compound. The process allows to obtain (per)fluoropolyether compounds having two chain ends, wherein one or both chain ends is a —CF2— group covalently bound to an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group through a -carbon-carbon- bond. The invention further relates to the use of these compounds and to their derivatives as additives for perfluorinated oils and greases.