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55-21-0 Usage

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion andintraperitoneal routes. When heated to decomposition itemits toxic fumes of NOx.

Description

Benzamide appears as off-white crystals or powder. It is combustible and incompatible with strong oxidising agents and strong bases. On combustion and thermal decomposition, it emits nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Benzamide is a carbonic acid amide of benzoic acid. Benzamide exhibits an angle of about 15o with the plane of the amide group; this shows that benzamide molecule is not flat. The rotation of the amide group relative to the aromatic ring may result from the repulsion interaction between the hydrogen atoms of the amide group and those of the aromatic ring.

Chemical Properties

Benzamide is a combustible, colorless to beige, off-white, crystalline solid; freezing/melting point=132-133° C. It is slightly soluble in water, and soluble in many organic solvents. Benzamide was used to study the mechanism of photocatalytic decomposition of aqueous solution of acetic acid, acetamide and acetonitrile in the presence of semiconductors. It was used to develop a robust screening method to study biotransformations using (+)-γ-lactamase enzyme.

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 55-21-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Organic synthesis.Benzamide on radioiodination by different labeling procedures results in large-scale production of radioiodinated benzamides having potential therapeutic application for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.
2. Benzamide is utilized to study the mechanism of photocatalytic decomposition of aqueous solution of acetic acid, acetamide and acetonitrile in the presence of semiconductors. It is used as a nictoinamide-mimic PARP inhibitor and neuroprotectant. Further, it is used to develop a robust screening method to study biotransformations using (+)-gamma-lactamase enzyme. It is also employed in the determination of glycine. In addition to this, it is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis as well as in the production of pharmaceuticals and dyes.

Preparation

Take a mixture of 5 ml concentrated ammonia and 5 ml water in a conical flask with a well-fitting cork. Add 2 ml (2.4 g.) benzoyl chloride, cork the flask and shake vigorously. Heat generates due to the reaction, hence hold the cork securely during shaking. After 15 min not even a trace of oily benzoyl chloride remains. Filter the fine flakes, wash with cold water and recrystallise from hot water: yield, 1-5 g. Colourless crystals of benzamide. Preparation of benzamide from benzoyl chloride

Definition

ChEBI: An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 59, p. 4114, 1994 DOI: 10.1021/jo00094a021Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 39, p. 1152, 1991 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.39.1152Synthetic Communications, 20, p. 1445, 1990 DOI: 10.1080/00397919008052860

Reactivity Profile

Benzamide reacts with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Forms flammable gases with strong reducing agents. Mixing with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. Combustion generates toxic mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

Hazard

Depresses the central nervous system; toxic.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Benzamide are not available, however Benzamide is probably combustible.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).

Clinical Use

Benzamide on radioiodination by different labeling procedures results in large-scale production of radioiodinated benzamides having potential therapeutic application for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.

Potential Exposure

Benzamide is used in organic synthesis.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from hot water (about 5mL/g), EtOH or 1,2-dichloroethane, and dry it in air. It has also been crystallised from dilute aqueous NH3, H2O, Me2CO, then *C6H6 using a Soxhlet extractor. Dry it in an oven at 110o for 8hours and store in a desiccator over 99% H2SO4. [Bates & Hobbs J Am Chem Soc 73 2151 1951, Beilstein 9 IV 725.]

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 55-21-0 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 5 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 55-21:
(4*5)+(3*5)+(2*2)+(1*1)=40
40 % 10 = 0
So 55-21-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C7H7NO/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H2,8,9)

55-21-0 Well-known Company Product Price

  • Brand
  • (Code)Product description
  • CAS number
  • Packaging
  • Price
  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A10501)  Benzamide, 98+%   

  • 55-21-0

  • 100g

  • 221.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A10501)  Benzamide, 98+%   

  • 55-21-0

  • 500g

  • 681.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A10501)  Benzamide, 98+%   

  • 55-21-0

  • 2500g

  • 2751.0CNY

  • Detail

55-21-0Synthetic route

benzonitrile
100-47-0

benzonitrile

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water; nitrile hydratase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1 at 25℃; for 24h; K2HPO4-KH2PO4 puffer pH=8.0;100%
With manganese(IV) oxide; silica gel In 2,2,4-trimethylpentane for 2h; Heating;100%
With sodium hydroxide; trisodium tris(3-sulfophenyl)phosphine; water; chloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) dimer In ethyl acetate at 90℃; for 24h; pH=11.7; hydration;100%
2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanone
27704-37-6

2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanone

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia In hexane for 0.5h; Ambient temperature;100%
benzoyl azide
582-61-6

benzoyl azide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium tetrahydroborate; nickel dichloride In methanol at 0 - 10℃; for 0.166667h; Product distribution; other aroyl azides; with ultrasonication;100%
With xanth-9-one In isopropyl alcohol Photolysis;100%
With tetracarbonylhydridoferrate In ethanol at -40℃; for 12h;98%
N,N'-dibenzoylsulfur diimide
25408-75-7

N,N'-dibenzoylsulfur diimide

dimedone
126-81-8

dimedone

A

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

B

8,8-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-4-oxa-1-thia-2-aza-spiro[4.5]dec-2-ene-6,10-dione
85078-62-2

8,8-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-4-oxa-1-thia-2-aza-spiro[4.5]dec-2-ene-6,10-dione

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In benzene at 20℃; for 2.5h;A n/a
B 100%
N,N'-dibenzoyl-S-p-chlorophenyl-S,S-diazasulfonium chloride

N,N'-dibenzoyl-S-p-chlorophenyl-S,S-diazasulfonium chloride

A

p-chlorobenzene(N-benzoyl)iminosulfinyl chloride
71151-37-6

p-chlorobenzene(N-benzoyl)iminosulfinyl chloride

B

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In benzene for 0.125h; Heating;A 100%
B 100%
N-(4-methoxybenzyl)benzamide
41882-10-4

N-(4-methoxybenzyl)benzamide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper(II) tris(triflyl)methide; methoxybenzene at 154℃; for 4.5h; debenzylation;100%
With dipotassium peroxodisulfate; tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride hexahydrate; water In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 12h; Sealed tube; Irradiation; Green chemistry;87%
1-benzoyl-1H-benzotriazole
4231-62-3

1-benzoyl-1H-benzotriazole

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; ethanol at 20℃; for 4h;100%
benzaldehyde
100-52-7

benzaldehyde

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydroxylamine; copper diacetate In water at 110℃; for 48h;99%
With hydroxylamine; C33H28F3N5O3Ru(1+)*Cl(1-) In water at 60℃; for 0.5h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature; Sonication;99%
Stage #1: benzaldehyde With ammonia; iodine In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: With dihydrogen peroxide In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 2.5h; Further stages.;
98%
benzoyl chloride
98-88-4

benzoyl chloride

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine; aniline In dichloromethane99%
With titanium-nitrogen; potassium carbonate In benzene at 20℃;96%
90%
Benzaldoxime
932-90-1

Benzaldoxime

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper diacetate In 1,4-dioxane at 110℃; for 72h;99%
With C55H45ClN5P2Ru(1+)*Cl(1-) In water at 110℃; for 12h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Solvent; Sealed tube;97%
With [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2 In toluene at 130℃; for 3h; Green chemistry;96%
4-chlorobenzamide
619-56-7

4-chlorobenzamide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium formate; poly(styrene)-poly(ethylene glycol); palladium In water; isopropyl alcohol at 25℃; for 2h;99%
With ammonium formate; amphiphilic resin-dispersion of palladium nanoparticles In water; isopropyl alcohol at 25℃; for 2h;99%
With ammonium formate In water; isopropyl alcohol at 20℃; for 3h;99%
iodomethylbenzene
620-05-3

iodomethylbenzene

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: iodomethylbenzene With ammonia; iodine In water at 60℃; for 4h;
Stage #2: With ammonia; dihydrogen peroxide In water at 0 - 20℃;
99%
iodobenzene
591-50-4

iodobenzene

potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)

potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium phosphate In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 5.5h; Catalytic behavior; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;99%
benzylamine
100-46-9

benzylamine

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With manganese(IV) oxide In dichloromethane at 40℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 24h; Molecular sieve;98%
With potassium carbonate; dimethyl sulfoxide at 110℃; for 5h;98%
With (carbonyl)(chloro)(hydrido)tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II); potassium tert-butylate In tert-butyl alcohol at 70℃; for 12h; Catalytic behavior; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst;97%
N-biphenyl-1,2-phenylenediamine

N-biphenyl-1,2-phenylenediamine

2-Methoxybenzoyl chloride
21615-34-9

2-Methoxybenzoyl chloride

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; water98%
benzyl bromide
100-39-0

benzyl bromide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzyl bromide With ammonia; iodine In water at 60℃; for 4h;
Stage #2: With ammonia; dihydrogen peroxide In water at 0 - 20℃;
98%
2,4,6-trichlorophenyl benzoate
24003-11-0

2,4,6-trichlorophenyl benzoate

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; ammonia; triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 45℃; for 13h; Inert atmosphere;98%
4-Dimethylamino-2-phenyl-1-oxa-3-azabuta-1,3-diene
121876-96-8

4-Dimethylamino-2-phenyl-1-oxa-3-azabuta-1,3-diene

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Reflux;98%
α-bromoacetophenone
70-11-1

α-bromoacetophenone

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonium hydroxide; iodine In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 12h;98%
With ammonium hydroxide; iodine In water; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 12h; Sealed tube;
With ammonium hydroxide; iodine at 20℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst;50.3 mg
o-iodobenzamide
3930-83-4

o-iodobenzamide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2; cesium acetate; isopropyl alcohol at 100℃; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;98%
With [RhCl2(p-cymene)]2; cesium acetate In isopropyl alcohol at 20 - 100℃; for 20h; Inert atmosphere;98%
benzoic acid
65-85-0

benzoic acid

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: benzoic acid With niobium pentachloride In dichloromethane
Stage #2: With ammonia In dichloromethane at 45 - 50℃; for 0.5h;
97%
With tetrabutylammomium bromide; ammonia; caesium carbonate In water for 0.333333h; Microwave irradiation;97%
With ammonium hydroxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide; caesium carbonate In water at 20℃; for 0.5h; Electrochemical reaction; chemoselective reaction;96%
benzyl alcohol
100-51-6

benzyl alcohol

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia; oxygen In water at 150℃; under 22502.3 Torr; for 3h;97%
Stage #1: benzyl alcohol With 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; ammonia; oxygen; copper(II) nitrate In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 5h;
Stage #2: With Acetaldehyde oxime In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 110℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;
94%
With tert.-butylhydroperoxide; ammonia; oxygen In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 80℃; under 1520.1 Torr; for 5h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Green chemistry;94%
C22H29N3O2

C22H29N3O2

A

C15H22N2O2

C15H22N2O2

B

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper diacetate; palladium diacetate In water at 120℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Schlenk technique; Green chemistry;A 55%
B 97%
C18H21N3O2

C18H21N3O2

A

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

B

isonicotinoyl-tert-butylformamide

isonicotinoyl-tert-butylformamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper diacetate; palladium diacetate In water at 120℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Schlenk technique; Green chemistry;A 97%
B 58%
With cesium acetate; copper diacetate; manganese(II) acetate In tert-Amyl alcohol at 120℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Schlenk technique; Green chemistry;A 32%
B 34%
C20H23N3O2

C20H23N3O2

A

C13H16N2O2

C13H16N2O2

B

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper diacetate; palladium diacetate In water at 120℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Schlenk technique; Green chemistry;A 57%
B 97%
C8H11NO2

C8H11NO2

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium at 140℃; for 5h; Autoclave;96.5%
N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)benzamide
88000-67-3

N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)benzamide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane for 1h; Ambient temperature;96%
With silica gel In dichloromethane for 0.0166667h; Irradiation;96%
1-Benzoylamino-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium perchlorate

1-Benzoylamino-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium perchlorate

A

2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine
108-75-8

2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine

B

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

C

benzonitrile
100-47-0

benzonitrile

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With tetraethylammonium perchlorate In acetonitrile preparative electrolyse, - 1.4 V;A 96%
B 69%
C 26%
iodobenzene
591-50-4

iodobenzene

carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane; N-methoxylamine hydrochloride; sodium iodide; palladium dichloride In acetonitrile at 90℃; under 3800.26 Torr; for 8h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;96%
With ammonium hydroxide; 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phenyl-6-phosphaadamantane; palladium diacetate In toluene at 130℃; under 5171.62 Torr; Temperature; Autoclave;93%
With 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane; palladium 10% on activated carbon; ammonium carbamate; potassium iodide In acetonitrile at 90℃; for 8h; Autoclave; Green chemistry;85%
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

N-carboethoxyaniline
101-99-5

N-carboethoxyaniline

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene for 0.5h; Ambient temperature;100%
With dibromamine-T; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene for 0.166667h; Hofmann rearrangement; Reflux;85%
With tetra-N-butylammonium tribromide; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene In dichloromethane for 1.5h; Ambient temperature;69%
With N-Bromosuccinimide; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene at 120℃; Hofmann rearrangement; Microfluidic flow;32%
With bromine; sodium ethanolate
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

benzonitrile
100-47-0

benzonitrile

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With phosphorus pentoxide In methanol at 20℃; for 1h;100%
With oxalyl dichloride; triethylamine; Triphenylphosphine oxide In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Solvent;98%
With trimethylsilylphosphate for 0.666667h; Heating;97%
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

N-phenyl methyl carbamate
2603-10-3

N-phenyl methyl carbamate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; silver(I) acetate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 12h; Ambient temperature;100%
With [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene100%
With potassium hydroxide; [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene Mechanism; other alkyl- and aryl carboxamides;97%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

chloro(tert-butyl)diethylamino(methylene)phosphorane
78303-22-7

chloro(tert-butyl)diethylamino(methylene)phosphorane

A

benzonitrile
100-47-0

benzonitrile

B

C9H22Cl2NP

C9H22Cl2NP

C

P-tert-butyl-N,N-diethyl-P-methylphosphinic amide

P-tert-butyl-N,N-diethyl-P-methylphosphinic amide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In diethyl ether -10 dec C, then +20 deg C.;A 70%
B 100%
C 85%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

aniline
62-53-3

aniline

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hypochlorite; sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 80℃; for 0.25h; Hofmann degradation;100%
With sodium hydroxide; benzyltrimethylazanium tribroman-2-uide In water for 2h; Ambient temperature;72%
With water; bromine; sodium hydroxide Hofmann Rearrangement; Cooling with ice;
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Glyoxilic acid
298-12-4

Glyoxilic acid

α-hydroxyhippuric acid
19791-95-8, 19791-97-0, 16555-77-4

α-hydroxyhippuric acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water; acetone for 19h; Heating / reflux;100%
In acetone Heating;
In acetone for 19h; Reflux;
C12H9BrN4O2
1415635-30-1

C12H9BrN4O2

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

C12H7BrN4O
1415635-31-2

C12H7BrN4O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: C12H9BrN4O2; benzamide With potassium hydroxide In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 0.75h;
Stage #2: With acetic acid pH=5;
100%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

4-bromo-benzaldehyde
1122-91-4

4-bromo-benzaldehyde

5-Chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline
130-16-5

5-Chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline

N-((4-bromophenyl)(5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)methyl)benzamide

N-((4-bromophenyl)(5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)methyl)benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 130 - 180℃; for 3h; Betti Reaction;100%
glyoxylic acid ethyl ester
924-44-7

glyoxylic acid ethyl ester

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

ethyl 2,2-bis(benzamido)acetate
51933-59-6

ethyl 2,2-bis(benzamido)acetate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With iron(III) chloride hexahydrate In nitromethane at 80℃; for 24h;100%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

benzamide-d5

benzamide-d5

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water-d2; isopropyl alcohol at 120℃; for 0.0166667h; Flow reactor;100%
With 10 % iridium on carbon; water-d2 In isopropyl alcohol at 20℃; for 24h; Reagent/catalyst; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;99%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

4-chlorobenzotrifluoride
98-56-6

4-chlorobenzotrifluoride

N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide
350-98-1

N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With C33H37N4P; potassium carbonate; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In tert-butyl alcohol at 95℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sonication;99.7%
With 5-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-1′, 3′, 5′-triphenyl-1′H-[1,4′]bipyrazole; bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; potassium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane at 90℃; for 18h; Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox;75%
Stage #1: benzamide; 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride With copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; trans-N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine In acetonitrile for 0.00277778h; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox;
Stage #2: In acetonitrile at 200℃; for 1h; Microwave irradiation;
65%
With C33H37N4P; potassium carbonate; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In tert-butyl alcohol at 95℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sonication;
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

benzyl alcohol
100-51-6

benzyl alcohol

N-benzylbenzamide
1485-70-7

N-benzylbenzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate In toluene at 150℃; for 24h;99%
With C23H24ClIrN3OS(1+)*F6P(1-); caesium carbonate In toluene at 120℃;98%
With potassium carbonate at 160℃; for 12h;96%
morpholine
110-91-8

morpholine

formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

morpholinomethyl benzamide
72721-56-3

morpholinomethyl benzamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum oxide In water for 0.2h; Condensation; microwave irradiation;99%
With 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate at 80℃; for 3h; Mannich Aminomethylation;90%
iodobenzene
591-50-4

iodobenzene

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

N-phenyl benzoyl amide
93-98-1

N-phenyl benzoyl amide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum oxide; potassium fluoride; copper(l) iodide; 1,10-Phenanthroline In toluene at 110℃; for 1.5h;99%
With potassium phosphate; copper(l) iodide; L-arginine In 1,4-dioxane at 100℃; for 24h; Goldberg reaction;99%
With potassium phosphate In toluene at 110℃; for 10h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature;98%
ethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropyruvate
13081-18-0

ethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropyruvate

benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

Ethyl 2-benzoylamino-2-hydroxy-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate
126535-81-7

Ethyl 2-benzoylamino-2-hydroxy-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In dichloromethane for 2h; Ambient temperature;99%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

chlorobenzene
108-90-7

chlorobenzene

N-phenyl benzoyl amide
93-98-1

N-phenyl benzoyl amide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 5-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-1′, 3′, 5′-triphenyl-1′H-[1,4′]bipyrazole; bis[chloro(1,2,3-trihapto-allylbenzene)palladium(II)]; potassium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane at 90℃; for 18h; Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox;99%
With (55)Pd068(44)Ni032; potassium carbonate In water at 80℃; for 8h; Catalytic behavior; Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling;96%
With copper at 240℃; for 12h; Product distribution; further reagents, reaction temperatures;94%
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

benzaldehyde
100-52-7

benzaldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With samarium diiodide; phosphoric acid In tetrahydrofuran for 0.000833333h; Ambient temperature;99%
With phenylacetic acid; dipotassium peroxodisulfate In water at 80℃; Sealed tube;20%
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: neat (no solvent) / Heating
2: hydrogenchloride; water / acetone / 30 °C / pH Ca. 4.2
3: water; potassium hydroxide / aq. buffer / 25 °C / pH 11.24
View Scheme
benzamide
55-21-0

benzamide

benzoic acid
65-85-0

benzoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid for 0.166667h; Product distribution; comparison of the hydrolysis in sealed Teflon vessel in a microwave oven with classical procedure;99%
With water; hydrogen cation for 0.166667h; in sealed Teflon vessels heated by a microwave oven;99%
With phthalic anhydride at 240 - 250℃; under 3040 Torr; for 0.5h; Hydrolysis;99%

55-21-0Relevant articles and documents

Nitrogen Atom Transfer Catalysis by Metallonitrene C?H Insertion: Photocatalytic Amidation of Aldehydes

Schmidt-R?ntsch, Till,Verplancke, Hendrik,Lienert, Jonas N.,Demeshko, Serhiy,Otte, Matthias,Van Trieste, Gerard P.,Reid, Kaleb A.,Reibenspies, Joseph H.,Powers, David C.,Holthausen, Max C.,Schneider, Sven

supporting information, (2022/01/20)

C?H amination and amidation by catalytic nitrene transfer are well-established and typically proceed via electrophilic attack of nitrenoid intermediates. In contrast, the insertion of (formal) terminal nitride ligands into C?H bonds is much less developed and catalytic nitrogen atom transfer remains unknown. We here report the synthesis of a formal terminal nitride complex of palladium. Photocrystallographic, magnetic, and computational characterization support the assignment as an authentic metallonitrene (Pd?N) with a diradical nitrogen ligand that is singly bonded to PdII. Despite the subvalent nitrene character, selective C?H insertion with aldehydes follows nucleophilic selectivity. Transamidation of the benzamide product is enabled by reaction with N3SiMe3. Based on these results, a photocatalytic protocol for aldehyde C?H trimethylsilylamidation was developed that exhibits inverted, nucleophilic selectivity as compared to typical nitrene transfer catalysis. This first example of catalytic C?H nitrogen atom transfer offers facile access to primary amides after deprotection.

Method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds

-

Paragraph 0035-0045, (2021/02/06)

The invention belongs to the field of organic chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds. The method for preparing primary and secondary amide compounds comprises the following steps of carrying out catalytic reduction on an N-substituted amide compound at 30-130 DEG C by using a protic solvent as a reduction reagent and a dichloro(p-methyl isopropylbenzene) ruthenium (II) dimer complex as a catalyst to obtain a reaction solution after the reduction reaction is finished, and carrying out post-treatment on the reaction solution to obtain the corresponding primary amide compound or secondary amide compound. According to the method for preparing the primary and secondary amide compounds, the transfer hydrogenation reaction of nitrogen-oxygen and nitrogen-carbon bonds is realized, the reaction conditions are mild and simple, the substrate application range is wide, the operation is convenient, and the corresponding primary amide compound or secondary amide compound is obtained with high efficiency and high selectivity.

Visible light-mediated synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amine-boranes

Chen, Xuenian,Kang, Jia-Xin,Ma, Yan-Na,Miao, Yu-Qi

supporting information, p. 3595 - 3599 (2021/06/06)

Here, a photocatalytic deoxygenative amidation protocol using readily available amine-boranes and carboxylic acids is described. This approach features mild conditions, moderate-to-good yields, easy scale-up, and up to 62 examples of functionalized amides with diverse substituents. The synthetic robustness of this method was also demonstrated by its application in the late-stage functionalization of several pharmaceutical molecules.

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