66774-02-5Relevant articles and documents
Development of a method for the quantification of clotrimazole and itraconazole and study of their stability in a new microemulsion for the treatment of sporotrichosis
Ferreira, Patricia Garcia,de Souza Lima, Carolina Guimar?es,Noronha, Letícia Lorena,de Moraes, Marcela Cristina,de Carvalho da Silva, Fernando,Vi?osa, Alessandra Lifsitch,Futuro, Débora Omena,Ferreira, Vitor Francisco
supporting information, (2019/07/04)
Sporotrichosis occurs worldwide and is caused by the fungus Sporothrix brasiliensis. This agent has a high zoonotic potential and is transmitted mainly by bites and scratches from infected felines. A new association between the drugs clotrimazole and itraconazole is shown to be effective against S. brasiliensis yeasts. This association was formulated as a microemulsion containing benzyl alcohol as oil, Tween 60 and propylene glycol as surfactant and cosurfactant, respectively, and water. Initially, the compatibility between clotrimazole and itraconazole was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD). Additionally, a simple and efficient analytical HPLC method was developed to simultaneously determine the concentration of clotrimazole and itraconazole in the novel microemulsion. The developed method proved to be efficient, robust, and reproducible for both components of the microemulsion. We also performed an accelerated stability study of this formulation, and the developed analytical method was applied to monitor the content of active ingredients. Interestingly, these investigations led to the detection of a known clotrimazole degradation product whose structure was confirmed using NMR and HRMS, as well as a possible interaction between itraconazole and benzyl alcohol.
Triphenylbutanamines: Kinesin spindle protein inhibitors with in vivo antitumor activity
Wang, Fang,Good, James A. D.,Rath, Oliver,Kaan, Hung Yi Kristal,Sutcliffe, Oliver B.,MacKay, Simon P.,Kozielski, Frank
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1511 - 1525 (2012/04/10)
The human mitotic kinesin Eg5 represents a novel mitotic spindle target for cancer chemotherapy. We previously identified S-trityl-l-cysteine (STLC) and related analogues as selective potent inhibitors of Eg5. We herein report on the development of a series of 4,4,4-triphenylbutan-1-amine inhibitors derived from the STLC scaffold. This new generation systematically improves on potency: the most potent C-trityl analogues exhibit Kiapp ≥ 10 nM and GI50 ≈ 50 nM, comparable to results from the phase II clinical benchmark ispinesib. Crystallographic studies reveal that they adopt the same overall binding configuration as S-trityl analogues at an allosteric site formed by loop L5 of Eg5. Evaluation of their druglike properties reveals favorable profiles for future development and, in the clinical candidate ispinesib, moderate hERG and CYP inhibition. One triphenylbutanamine analogue and ispinesib possess very good bioavailability (51% and 45%, respectively), with the former showing in vivo antitumor growth activity in nude mice xenograft studies.
Novel inhibitors of the gardos channel for the treatment of sickle cell disease
McNaughton-Smith, Grant A.,Burns, J. Ford,Stocker, Jonathan W.,Rigdon, Gregory C.,Creech, Christopher,Arlington, Susan,Shelton, Tara,De Franceschi, Lucia
, p. 976 - 982 (2008/12/20)
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary condition characterized by deformation of red blood cells (RBCs). This phenomenon is due to the presence of abnormal hemoglobin that polymerizes upon deoxygenation. This effect is exacerbated when dehydrated RBCs experience a loss of both water and potassium salts. One critical pathway for the regulation of potassium efflux from RBCs is the Gardos channel, a calcium-activated potassium channel. This paper describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of potent inhibitors of the Gardos channel. The goal was to identify compounds that were potent and selective inhibitors of the channel but had improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to 1, Clotrimazole. Several triarylamides such as 10 and 21 were potent inhibitors of the Gardos channel (IC50 of 10 nM) and active in a mouse model of SCD. Compound 21 (ICA-17043) was advanced into phase 3 clinical trials for SCD.
