69-79-4 Usage
Chemical Properties
Maltose occurs as white crystals or as a crystalline powder. It is
odorless and has a sweet taste approximately 30% that of sucrose.
Originator
Maltos-10 ,Otsuka ,Japan ,1974
Occurrence
Maltose also is formed by yeast during breadmaking.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 69-79-4 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Maltose is used as a nutrient, sweetener, and culture medium.
2. Maltose is a sweetener formed by the enzymatic action of yeast on
starch. it consists of two dextrose molecules. maltose dissolves and
crystallizes slowly in aqueous solutions, and is less sweet and more
stable than sucrose. it is used in combination with dextrose in bread
and in instant foods, and is also used in pancake syrups.
3. Nutrient, sweetener, culture media, stabilizer
for polysulfides, brewing.
Definition
Different sources of media describe the Definition of 69-79-4 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. The most common reducing disaccharide, composed of two molecules of glucose. Found in starch and glycogen.
2. A sugar
found in germinating cereal seeds. It is a
disaccharide composed of two glucose
units. Maltose is an important intermediate
in the enzyme hydrolysis of starch. It is
further hydrolyzed to glucose.
Production Methods
Maltose monohydrate is prepared by the enzymatic degradation of
starch.
Manufacturing Process
The process of manufacturing a maltose product from a suitably purified starch source includes preparing an aqueous starchy suspension, adjusting the acidity thereof to from 4.6 to 6.0 pH, liquefying the suspension by heating in the presence of a diastatic agent, diastatically saccharifying the liquefied mixture, filtering, and concentrating the liquid to a syrup.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Maltose is a disaccharide carbohydrate widely used in foods and
pharmaceuticals. In parenteral products, maltose may be used as a
source of sugar, particularly for diabetic patients.
Crystalline maltose is used as a direct-compression tablet
excipient in chewable and nonchewable tablets.
Safety Profile
Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
Safety
Maltose is used in oral and parenteral pharmaceutical formulations
and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant
material. However, there has been a single report of a liver
transplantation patient with renal failure who developed hyponatremia
following intravenous infusion of normal immunoglobulin
in 10% maltose. The effect, which recurred on each of four
successive infusions, resembled that of hyperglycemia and was
thought to be due to accumulation of maltose and other osmotically
active metabolites in the extracellular fluid.
LD50 (mouse, IV): 26.8 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 38.6 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, IV): 25.2 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 30.6 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 15.3 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 34.8 g/kg
storage
Maltose should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry
place.
Incompatibilities
Maltose may react with oxidizing agents. A Maillard-type reaction
may occur between maltose and compounds with a primary amine
group, e.g. glycine, to form brown-colored products.
Regulatory Status
In the USA, maltose is considered as a food by the FDA and is
therefore not subject to food additive and GRAS regulations.
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral solutions).
Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients. Included in parenteral products available in a number
of countries worldwide.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 69-79-4 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 6 and 9 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 7 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 69-79:
(4*6)+(3*9)+(2*7)+(1*9)=74
74 % 10 = 4
So 69-79-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6+,7+,8-,9-,10+,11+,12+/m1/s1
69-79-4Relevant articles and documents
-
Mitchell
, p. 3534 (1941)
-
Redesign of the Active Site of Sucrose Phosphorylase through a Clash-Induced Cascade of Loop Shifts
Kraus, Michael,Grimm, Clemens,Seibel, Jürgen
, p. 33 - 36 (2016/01/15)
Sucrose phosphorylases have been applied in the enzymatic production of glycosylated compounds for decades. However, several desirable acceptors, such as flavonoids or stilbenoids, that exhibit diverse antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic or antioxidant properties, remain poor substrates. The Q345F exchange in sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis allows efficient glucosylation of resveratrol, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in yields of up to 97 % whereas the wild-type enzyme favours sucrose hydrolysis. Three previously undescribed products are made available. The crystal structure of the variant reveals a widened access channel with a hydrophobic aromatic surface that is likely to contribute to the improved activity towards aromatic acceptors. The generation of this channel can be explained in terms of a cascade of structural changes arising from the Q345F exchange. The observed mechanisms are likely to be relevant for the design of other tailor-made enzymes.
Regioselective glucosylation of inositols catalyzed by Thermoanaerobacter sp. CGTase
Miranda-Molina, Alfonso,Marquina-Bahena, Silvia,Alvarez, Laura,Lopez-Munguia, Agustin,Castillo, Edmundo
, p. 93 - 101,9 (2020/08/20)
Monoglucosylated products of l-chiro-, d-chiro-, muco-, and allo-inositol were synthesized by regioselective α-d-glucosylation with cyclodextrin glucosyl transferase from Thermoanaerobacter sp. after hydrolysis of by products with Aspergillus niger glucoamylase. While the reactions carried out with d-chiro-, muco-, and allo-inositol resulted in the regioselective formation of monoglucosylated products, two products were obtained in the reaction with l-chiro-inositol. Through the structural characterization of the glucosylated inositols here we demonstrated that the selectivity observed in the glucosylation of several inositols by Thermoanaerobacter sp. CGTase, is analogous to the specificity observed for the glucosylation of β-d-glucopyranose and equivalent glucosides.
APPLICATIONS OF BIOBASED GLYCOL COMPOSITIONS
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Page/Page column 11, (2008/06/13)
A biobased replacement for propylene glycol and ethylene glycol derived from petrochemical sources is presented. The product mixture from the hydrogenolysis of certain polyols from biobased renewable resources may replace propylene glycol and ethylene glycol products from petrochemical sources. Applications and methods of the biobased hydrogenolysis product mixture are disclosed. The compositions and methods provide a feedstock for industrial use which has a 13C/12C isotope ratio characteristic of bioderived material.
