72092-48-9Relevant articles and documents
ZWITTERIONIC CATALYSTS FOR (TRANS)ESTERIFICATION: APPLICATION IN FLUOROINDOLE-DERIVATIVES AND BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
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Paragraph 0013; 0028, (2021/01/29)
An amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst has a catalyst pocket size that promotes transesterification and dehydrative esterification. The amide/iminium zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. The reaction can be applied a wide variety of esterification processes including the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. The amide/iminium zwitterions allow the avoidance of strongly basic or acidic condition and avoidance of metal contamination in the products. Reactions are carried out at ambient or only modestly elevated temperatures. The amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst is easily recycled and reactions proceed in high to quantitative yields.
Selective acetylation of primary alcohols by ethyl acetate
Singha, Raju,Ray, Jayanta K.
supporting information, p. 5395 - 5398 (2016/11/11)
A KOtBu and ethyl acetate mediated efficient methodology has been developed for the acetylation of primary and secondary alcohols where ethyl acetate is the source of acetyl group. The reaction is fast, mild, efficient, and highly selective towards the primary alcohols.
A switchable oxidation process leading to two various versatile pharmaceutical intermediates
Occhipinti, Giovanni,Liguori, Lucia,Tsoukala, Anna,Bjorsvik, Hans-Rene
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1379 - 1384 (2011/09/20)
An efficient high-yielding and environmentally benign switchable oxidation process that can selectively produce two different versatile synthetic intermediates is disclosed. One of the two intermediates, 2,3-dimethoxy-5- methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (coenzyme Q0), is obtained by means of a telescoped two-step synthetic protocol that in the first step involves treatment of the substrate (1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-methylbenzene) with hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid with p-toluene sulphonic acid present as a Bronsted acid catalyst, succeeded by a telescoped second step that entails treatment with fuming nitric acid to achieve the target molecule in an excellent isolated yield (88%). If the substrate is treated directly with nitric acid (65%) in glacial acetic acid two different products can be obtained, namely acetic acid 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl ester in a superb isolated yield (93%) or, under slightly altered reaction conditions, 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5- (nitromethyl)benzene in a moderate to low yield (35%) and low selectivity. The two pathways leading to the two different products in the nitric acid oxidation protocol were investigated by means of DFT calculations as an aid to elaborate a proposal for the reaction mechanism.