(1860–1917). A German chemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1907. His works included the synthesis of diiodoacetamid through alcoholic fermentation caused by enzymes, as well as the discovery of zymase, the first enzyme to be isolated. He received his Ph.D. at the University of Munich, where he became a lecturer. Later, he taught and performed research at Tubingen, Berlin, and Wurzburg.