The process in which two metals are bonded by being rolled together at suitable pressure and temperature. Controlled explosion is also used. At the interface, each metal diffuses sufficiently into the other to form an alloy. Cladding is generally from 5 to 20% of total thickness; but may be heavier depending on the properties desired. The base metal is usually carbon or low-alloy steel clad with stainless steel, nickel, or other protective metal. Nonferrous metals are also clad; copper with cupronickel is used for coinage.