That branch of chemistry concerned primarily with the relationship between electrical forces and chemical reactions. This relationship is fundamental and farreaching, as the structure of matter is based on electrical effects. Electrochemistry is directly involved in chemical bonding, ionization, electrolysis (e.g., production of aluminum), metallurgy, battery science, fuel cells, and corrosion—in short, in any situation in which a chemical change is caused by or associated with electrical phenomena. It has certain applications in biochemistry (in nerve reactions and the electric organs of fish) as well as in organic chemistry. Michael Faraday (1791–1867) is generally regarded as the founder of electrochemistry.