Practice of the techniques used in the preparation of foods for large-scale human use. Among others these include harvesting, postharvest treatment, all forms of cooking, tenderizing, preservation by chemicals, heating, dehydration, drying and freezing, distillation and solvent extraction, milling, refining, hydrogenation, emulsification, packaging materials and storage, labeling, and transportation. Other aspects of food technology are bacteriology, sanitation, quality control, and formulation of ingredients for a wide variety of end products. A recent development of importance is the growth of convenience and quick-service foods.