Sodium Chloride

Name:
Sodium Chloride
Detailed information:

Chemistry name:	table salt; sea salt; halite; rock salt
M Formula:	NaCl
Properties:
Colorless, transparent crystals or white, crystalline powder. D 2.165, mp 801C, somewhat hygroscopic. Soluble in water and glycerol; very slightly soluble in alcohol. Essential in diet to maintain chloride balance in body. Noncombustible.
Occurrence:
Ocean water (2.6% concentration), deposits in central New York, Southern Michigan, Gulf Coast, Great Salt Lake, Newfoundland.
Derivation:
(1) Evaporation and crystallization of natural brines, (2) solar evaporation of seawater, (3) direct mining from underground or surface deposits.
Method of Purification:
Recrystallization.
Impurities:
Sulfates, heavy metals, alkaline earths, magnesium salts, ammonium salts.
Grade:
Highest purity medicinal, crystals; highest purity, dried; highest purity, fine powder; highest purity, fused; reagent; reagent, fused; sea evaporated; ground; microsized; powdered; table salt; rock salt; CP; USP; FCC; single, pure crystals.
Use:
Chemical (sodium hydroxide, soda ash, hydrogen chloride, chlorine, metallic sodium), ceramic glazes, metallurgy, curing of hides, food preservative, mineral waters, soap manufacture(salting out), home water softeners, highway deicing, regeneration of ion-exchange resins, photography, food seasoning, herbicide, fire extinguishing, nuclear reactors, mouthwash, medicine (heat exhaustion), salting out dyestuffs, supercooled solutions. Single crystals are used for spectroscopy, UV and infrared transmissions.See Fused Salt.